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that calm such criminal to get fifty dollars a few first purchase of a hundred dollars more high, its phoebe we're trying something new to stories about the same family of wolves in Yellowstone. One is a crime story, and the other is a love story. For the love story. Check out episode, nineteen of our other show this is love. We ve got a link in the show notes. Here's the crime story.

In April of ninety ninety five, a man named MIKE Philips, was in a small airplane flying over Yellowstone National Park. He was the leader of the Yellowstone Wolf project. Then he was looking for two walls that it decided to head north. They were identified by numbers, nine and ten wolf. Nine was big with black fur. That people said looked gray in certain light. Ten was her mate. Ten was absolutely enormous. A hundred and twenty two pounds white with gigantic pause. Rate or Thomas Mcnamara says Wolf, ten was the very definition of an alpha male. When you go into a gift shop, then you biased afterwards, the great he looked like one of those

nine and ten more research collars, the transmitted signals wildlife, biologist use. These detract the wool when they started heading north, they track them the first day and they find em up on the bare to flatter and for five days they just don't move. They just sit there and then to the storm start to blow in day after day after day, these howling snow storms and they can't fly till they can track nine, ten and finally, theirs break in the storms and they find him at a place called franchise meadow, which is way far north. The wolves had left the park. The wildlife biologists were terrified. They were only two months, into their first attempt to reestablish the Wolf population in Yellowstone and the success of the plan depended

not only on the wolves staying in the park but also reproducing nine, was pregnant and her pups would be the first wolves born in Yellowstone in more than two years, but nine and ten were gone and still heading north through an area with very little pray and if they got through that alive, the biologists knew that the war would then be surrounded by cattle. Ranches in ninety ninety five, it was illegal to shoot a wolf in Montana, but every inch could Julia Wolf. There was attacking their livestock. There is nothing the biologists could do, they felt helpless, just watching the wolves move north. They can't land in China Chasen back south. I just hope that their gaunt figure out We are in a bad place and go back

but no April, twelve. Thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen storms and I can't fly and so they don't know where the walls are. One of the EU the Stone Wolf biologists. Doug Psmith got into a small plain on April twenty and went searching for nine and ten. He can't find the wolves do just gone and that's implausible because most don't just disappear. The next day, an agent from the Montana Department of FISH wildlife in parks, called Wolf tracks, had been spotted died, a town called red launch, so they ok. We gotta get two planes and we're gonna fly a much wider area and see where the hell I've gone. Storms will spring storms and just horrendous and they can fly, can fly can fly on April. Twenty sixth Doug Smith is in the air and detect a clear signal from nine com,

he hears nine quite clearly but ten signals fate in indistinctly camp figure out where it is and then just for me. Yes, it quite clearly and it's going ppp PPP, which, when an animal Doesn't move for a long time? It's a bad sign, because even you know there's late they move around Lohmann. So the regular signals are deep and when it goes BP, baby That means they had there not moving at all and scowled mortality mode. So we pianos immediately that ten is dead. As Thomas Mcafee puts it, all hell broke, loose federal agents from all over converged, not only to find Wolf ten, but also to find the person who can

I'm Phoebe judge. This is criminal. Number ten was one afoot. Involves brought from Alberta, Canada, down to yellow. In January of ninety. Ninety five, the wolves were brought into the park in what was called the Wolf reintroduction project. It was intended to correct a decision made. It beginning of the twentieth century, not long after Yellowstone was set aside as the country's first national park. Wolves had been naturally present when the Yellowstone National Park Protection ACT was passed. The act said the land is quote set apart as a pleasure in ground for the benefit and enjoyment of the people and back

Can the early nineteen hundreds, the people, The story goes: didn't like wool to be good and bad animals never quite understood it. And you can easily imagine that, for example, a rattlesnake as a bad animal like people still think so most predators were considered bad, because the big beautiful elk with its magnificent antlers are the moose. Are there to help little dear. Those were good animals there, and then there were the fuzzy little ones that you look like. It looks like you could put him on her lap like a parcel raccoon. Those were good animals Elk were good rules were bad. You know centuries old animals against the wall, Wolf as a precedent,

evil, and so they were killed and killed and killed. Yellowstone's park rangers were given rifles and instructed to kill. Wolves non rangers were offered bounties for killing them in Montana. In one thousand nine hundred and seven the government would pay you ten dollars per wolf. This wasn't just happening in Yellowstone. In one thousand nine hundred and seven alone, one thousand eight hundred wolves were killed in national press and parks across the country according to the National Park service by them in nineteen hundred wolves had been was entirely eliminated from the forty eight states. The impact the ecosystem was immediate. Thomas MAC me says that in Yellowstone the Elk pot

elation exploded. The vegetation they needed to survive couldn't keep up until you're having starving elk and of vegetation deep down in the town, the grasses it peace. And in nineteen forty seven, a famous naturalist. Although Leopold recognised that The Yellowstone ecosystem was missing its keystone predator and he began to write and talk about them for restoration of the Yellowstone Wolf. Although Leopold wrote, I myself cooperated in the extermination of the wolf because I then believed it was a benefit. I do not propose to repeat my error, over the next few decades, the discussion of green wolves back to Yellowstone went through a lot of twists and turns in nineteen. Seventy three, the endangered sir. She's act was passed in the following year: grey wolves,

were listed, is endangered. The endangered species act mandated that grey wolves be restored to their native habitats, including Yellowstone. Well, look of course: Yellowstone surrounded by ranch lands and the ranchers with bananas. All they could picture was. Both roaring into their herds and laying waste to their living. Even though, Did they had been shown in other parts of the world? That will greatly her wild pray and really like to stay away from people? didn't believe that the battle between Ray

chosen. Conservationists was incredibly heated. There were countless hearings, more than seven hundred people testified and a hundred and sixty thousand written comments were submitted. In the end, the conservationists, one wolves would be brought back to Yellowstone in ninety ninety five fourteen wolves were trapped and Albert Canada in and supported by plane. They were initially placed in large outdoor acclamation bends. Here's wildlife biologist, Joe Fontaine, while I biologists for the federal government, thirty three years and eighteen of those years, I spent as a deeply wolf recovery coordinator for the. U S: visualize errors, when the wolf's was first brought to Yellowstone and more in their acclamation, pens worth their armed guards Oh yeah, here there were guards were too were stationed

different places. They were not what they call hides were you they could die. Not be seen and there, because the thought was with you, there might be somebody crazy enough to go in and try to kill the walls it while they're in the pan and People had access to the park and people did care. That was just people drive. Through whatever but you never know what somebody's going to do. And so there was a lot of honour to marry temerity about what they have to do it. So the other law enforcement guys up there all the time? Why was There is such a great fear will y'all doing a lot of the public meetings. We would get people saying we're going to kill every one of them we're going to do them all the animal poison down a real rhetoric of them from the anti war people it was coming out said the only woefully dead often I'll shoot everyone in any to shovel shut up a minute. Reality of you will and so be it

this was something new and different that never ever been done before you don't wanna take chances. You want to make sure that everything is safe and ready to go people have very strong feelings about wolves. This is true That's kind of an understatement actually says the walls were unique in the fact that you know that travel, is a pack of family unit, aunts and uncles. They take herb each other very well, her very good parents dearer actually others to do a job which they become in my mind, like shepherd to the other flocks that are out there, whether Bialik her dear boost whatever their job, is solely as a creditor to remove part of the animal population that out their show that but they feed on it more abundant because more animals. You have the moral grace down. It affects

everything in that ecosystem. So, even though rules, they kill em elk There are a lot of things to come in and feed on the carcass they're, all intertwined with connection of their wonderful, twenty dont have their legs there's a brick wall They are but its message I keep brick and so there very much part of our work. They need to be out there Joe Fontaine and his colleagues hope that the wolves brought from Canada would stay in the park, stay safe from people and acclimate, so yellow stone could slowly be repopulating to its natural state. The fear was that, because wolves have homing instinct, they would just head north backed Alberta, which appear to be exactly what nine and ten were trying to do. One tens tracking collar began to emerge

the mortality signal, federal agents and local law enforcement search for Wolf ten into almost midnight. When they lost ten signal. They called it a night and went home very early than Next morning, everyone convened again to continue the search on foot by car and by airplane. They were able to track wolf, nine from the air and sea that she was sitting in the same place. Everyone assumed that she had dug den to prepare to give birth wolf. Tens mortality signal was going in and out and they tracked it to a valley called Bayer Creek. They communicated this to a team searching on the ground.

And they were able to tune into a very strong signal near an abandoned coal mine. They realized the signal was coming from a covert one of those big dream pipes and they could see footprints around the covered. U S fish and wildlife service special agent TIM Acre, put on waiters and started feeling around below the surface of the water, and comes out on the other side with the collar and his men and bolted, something a wolf couldn't do so they know that Turn didn't just die. Natural causes, somebody and bolted his com, the fish and wildlife service put up a thing thousand dollar reward for any information leading to the arrest and conviction of the person who killed Wolf, ten other wildlife. Contributed, bringing the total reward to third.

Ten thousand dollars TIM Acre thought such a big reward the terrible situation a lot worse. It's too much money. He said any jury here is gonna, know people why, for thirteen? dollars, we'll be right back. Support for criminal comes from article article combines the correction of a boutique furniture sore with a comfort and simplicity of shopping online. There furniture is long, lasting high quality and designed to have timeless style. I like their Madeira Oak death. It's well built it's a simple design, but feels very substantial while you're working it looks great and it makes working at home easing comfortable

I love their dining room chairs, especially the Zola chair and volcanic gray. It looks great and there's no assembly required right now. Article is often criminal listeners, fifty dollars, but few first purchase of a hundred dollars or more go to artists. Dot com slash criminal and the discount will be automatically applied at check out. That's all

Well, that calm, slash criminal, fifty dollars a few first purchase of a hundred dollars more park, rangers biologists, special agents and local law enforcement world working together to investigate the killing of Wolf ten, but they also knew that Wolf. Nine was still somewhere outside the park having just given birth or about two without her mate, she and the pups would be in a lot of danger. A mother wolf can't leave her pups to go, hunt they'd, freeze to death and without hunting. She can't produce milk and they'd starve to death. Joe Fontaine says they tip they dont micromanage the animals. But this seem like a case where they need to make an exception and help will fly, saw relocated, em up above, and so I spent my time.

Road up and feeding, leaving them America so that she could, fire road for she could the fever pubs off the road gear, which is what she was doing? He watched over Wolf, nine from airplanes and from the ground. He said he would sit in the Super motel and pick up. Her signal so, everything was going all right. After several weeks, he and his colleagues decided that the safest thing was to pick her up with her pops and bring them back to Yellowstone saw my jaw was going fine In July we will have to buy. The geological station appear, working day on I down. The other side of the mountain. I was a young man and I was very very bad pain Going down, and I get here a little bit of a noise can I was I can really soft human

took all the antenna and everything off the reedy receiver because she was so close and then I heard from noises and shall like some weaponry I took one more step in and I saw the wolf just bullet Are there and either damn but I went over there to see exactly where the dinner was and she never Look. She scooped out a kind of a basin of all the spruces then she was aren't. They would pups runner, neither spruce three thousand everything, and so raise the bow, and I could see him and I counted Better count again, and I count on all of them and then dead. I let the ball back down again and then I the hell out of here because I didn't want to weaker and so on, back up Europe on the far rolling down lifted in reported what we had eat. Healthy, Wolf pops

an unusually large litter? They set a trap for nine and then collected her pups from the den and transported them back to the park. Nine was underweight and they gave her penicillin and vitamin injections. The family was put back in a wolf acclamation pen to stay only until the pubs got a little bit older and stronger, Meanwhile, there is a lot of pressure and the law enforcement officers from the: U S, fish and wildlife service to find was tense, killer and close. The case because there is so much reward money on the table. Tips were pouring in, but nothing was pointing out as credible special agent. Michael had spoken with a man who live near the covert werewolf. Tens caller was found the man's name. Was dusty, Stein, Measle, and he said that he hadn't noticed anything out of the ordinary or seen enough

person around, except for his neighbour, but when TIM Ichor went to see that neighbour we got a different story. The neighbour said he'd, seen dusty Stein, Measle driving round with someone a man in Chad, Mckendrick, TIM Ichor, thought the odd the dusty stein. Measle would leave that out Until he serve pokes around the bars and tries to see if there are rumours He doesn't get much want peace, he's gonna, think in it. Does this time I was gonna call him on the phone, but he doesn't so. He finally calls this guy named LEO Grasshopper sways, though, whose an expert interrogator for the fish, while I service out Denver and Grasshopper flies up,

rare lodge and they go pay a call and dusty and they really grilling. You appear with Chad Mckendrick and they say we know who killed. Wolf dusty, they don't, but they tell him that they do TIM System Listen you want to decide that you wanna tell them true story. You call me and then they leave You know there was only one witness and I was dusty, and so once TIM Head, pretty well fixed it in his mind, was dusty. He just had to wait and workers way. You know another policeman might have used high pressure tactics and try to break him down tough guy kind of thing. We're going to keep you up all night till you break tie video.

And TAT was just take. It easy kind of guy leaned back in his chair, put his cowboy boots up on the desk and well. I think this is gonna. Call me three days later Dusty Stein Measle did call him acre. He said he was ready to talk and that he'd seen everything does this time. Measle said it all started. When his friend forty one year old Chad Mckendrick got his truck stop. In the mud and ass dusty tell them get it out, and so they go up there and they try to get the truck I'm into that it gets dark and again so, just u dries Chad to his house they say they get together in the morning. Try they go back in the morning drink a few beers early morning there drink beer and

so they hall in the young. I've got dusty struck in there. They are trying to get the truck out of my and dusty says he look out there. They shot on the ridge and chatted. That's a war. As the shooting and he jumps out the drug shoulders. Rival takes aim plan, tenth fast to the ground, shot through the lungs. Did they go to the wall and they see Disco were radio collar uses National Park service testes totally free down. Chaz, hey man, I let us take this thing. Hang it up and skin it and I also I want the head till they hang it up taken.

Dragged down the mountain hanging up with some strain and adapt the unbolt radio collar and shows at back down the mountain. There's little creek there with a covered under the road and He throws the radio collar and there they had four chairs with the skin and the skull dusting all this out on assigned affidavit for special agent to maker and the next morning toymakers went to federal court in buildings and got a search warrant for tat. Contracts house, and so they assembled this swat team fish and while I service investigators, and they swarm overtures house with their search warrant TIM Ichor

along with two other fish and wildlife. Special agents met the sheriff of Carbon County that the foot of Chad, Mckettricks Road, Chad, Mckendrick, greeted them. He into maker, went for a walk while officers search the house, Chad Mckendrick, admitted to tell Michael that he had shot. An animal and animal that he believed was a federal dog. Paden deny the officers searching his home found a router and seventy seven rifle under the couch Three rounds of ammunition in his garage they found tens head and Pelt Chad Metric was arrested and charged with the killing of warfare. His crimes were violating the endangered Species ACT and the lazy act, which proved

its transporting wildlife. That's been obtained illegally. Chad, Mckendrick was released without bail. His trial wouldn't begin for five months. Beaten appear to be embarrassed or sorry in any way. On the fourth of July, he shut up to the towns prayed wearing a t, shirt that said Northern Rockies Wolf reduction project. Just some of his fellow Red Lodge residents. He was a hero, one reinsurer told CBS News. The metric should be given a metal in October of ninety. Ninety five Chad metrics try began in buildings and dusty used star witness and he's been given immunity. Does this time measle testified? The Chad metric knew exactly what It was doing when he shot Wolf ten. He said that he tried

You talk tat out of it by saying that it could be somebody's dog. According to Dusty Chad, replied, that's a wolf dusty, I'm gonna shoot it chant metrics attorney give the opposite that Chad believed he was shooting a wild dogs. His attorney said the shooting was admittedly stupid, but not criminal in Montana. It's pretty well considered just what you do that you don't shoot, but animal. If you don't know what it is now the elk hunting your mission An before you shoot, you don't shoot a cow and then say: oh, I thought it was an ill, and so It takes the jury very short time to convict Chad

if the jurors that afterward hunting ethics was the key, we all agreed. You must know your target before you pull the trigger. Joe Fontaine says he wasn't surprise by the verdict was totally a criminal act and is the same thing would be. Will the driver rounded shoot. Dear and Elk. And leave them. Why why? Why Why do people do those things? I don't know but to be the folks that I know the dead hunt fish, because the tragedy- and it Just nothing but a crime. We reach Chad Mckendrick by phone anything It doesn't talk about this any more. He was sentenced to three months in jail for a month and a half way house, and also- pay the? U S? Government.

Thousand dollars in restitution for the costs associated with finding and recovering wolf tens body. He appealed his conviction and lost, but that, parliament of Justice issued a memo in ninety ninety nine announcing something called the metric policy. The mckendrick policy said government would have to prove beyond reasonable doubt that someone knew exactly what kind of animal intending to harm and that animals endangered species status, in other words, if someone claimed mistaken identity, like chat Mckendrick did with a wild dogs the government couldn't prosecute. This was on the books for almost two decades in

Doesn't seventeen environmental groups suit the Department of Justice and the policy was thrown out? The judge wrote the government does not need to prove the debate new. The that killing and endangered or threatened species was illegal. The responsibility for any mistake falls on the defendant, asked for the Yellowstone Wolf reintroduction project. Although they lost wolf. Ten, the project has been an unbelievable success now, of course, the also ecosystem has been fundamentally changed in many ways, because the Keystone Predator has been restored. The vegetation has been changed. The distribution of work has been changed. The and beavers are returning, because

willows along the river banks that had been moved down by it. Very large numbers of Elk have started to recover. Aspen have started to grow back, in growth that had been moved down by so many health and in those aspects,

There are more songbirds nesting, it was. It was really a triumph. The return of the wolves restore balance to the park as Alto Leopold, rights. All ethics so far evolved rest upon a single premise that the individual is a member of a community of interdependent parts, soils, waters, plants and animals or collectively the land as of January twenty. Twenty. There are ninety four wolves in Yellowstone. Any packs, among them the great grandchildren of Wolf, nine and wolf. Ten. What happened to nine and to her pups is a whole other story, a very different kind of story, a love story with a happy ending

We think that at one point in Cameroon turn in the in the ravine and saw something that he had never seen before. In his life he saw the first two pops will come out of the dead. In the process of being released and for him, every day of his life he was always the smallest wolf, and so he had no section that there was out But there was smaller than he walks so he ran over and befriended those pops, so we played with, I m sure some food and weather he realized or not. He was being watched by the mother Wolf for that story. Check out episode. Nineteen of this is love. There's a link in the you're, not

Criminal is key, by Lorn, spore and me needy Wilson. As our senior producer Susanna Rogerson is ours. Producer audio mix by Rob buyers. Julian Alexander makes original illustrations for each episode of criminal You can see them at this is criminal dot com or on Facebook and twitter at criminal show. And you can read more about Wolf, ten and Thomas MAC Book, the killing of off number ten. Criminal is recorded in the studios of North Carolina public radio. W you and see were proud member of Radio Utopia from Pierre acts, collection of the best shows around I'm maybe judge this is criminal.

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