Welcome to season two episode. Thirty nine of the Jordan Be Petersen Podcast. I mean a Petersen, dad's daughter and collaborator mother, if a toddler who is continually in fact in her with a cold, Podcast is twelve rules for life, black ass recorded in riverside on January, twenty. Fourth, twenty Nineteen call the necessity of aim updates, the Petersen Pham not a lot. I'm swamped. Dad is still taking a break, a much needed break If you guys haven't, checked out dad's very first course discovering personality with Doktor, Jordan be Pearson, I help design the course. I love topic of personality and think everyone would be helped if they learned about the big five personality traits it comes the code to understand myself. Dot com for dad scientifically back personality Equus were currently off a pre sail for a fifteen percent discount on the course at a hundred twenty dollars. If your interest,

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The necessity of aim a Jordan Be Petersen, twelve rules for life lecture. Thank you very much. I just have to take a few seconds and remind myself what a privilege it is to come here and talk to all of you. Much appreciated that you take time out in common and listen to this. So I was thinking backstage, but what I'm doing tonight- and I want to talk about values and really I'm going to Produce a set of variations, I would say on rule one which is stand up straight with your shoulders back and rule ten, which is to be precise in your speech I want he won't do

dig underneath so send and elaborated on them, and I want to do that. I was thinking about a good metaphor for how I want to do that, because I've been thinking about it all day. This complicated problem that I'm too to solve, and it's like there's a target that I'm aiming at, and I want to send like seven armies marching towards the target all at the same time. I'm going to line them up and hopefully I'll be able to pull that off together, that's the plan and and something will will will emerge out of it. That will take. That will take my thinking farther than it's gone along these lines to very important issue, issue value. So I'll tell you first, a little story, I think know I'll do I'll do something else.

So in rule ten, I talk about the necessity for precision in speech and partly the reason for that is to discuss the importance of decision of aim, or even more fundamentally, to discuss the necessity of aim. You have to aim at something and the question might be Well, why do you have to aim at something and there's a variety? ways to answer that, but I liked it. Biologically to begin with, because it solid too good. Saw a dancer and its in its ill. It's it's. What would you say, its useful knowledge to help here stand what you're like you have to function in the world and you can

and you can learn a lot very quickly about yourself and about human psychology by knowing this I derive. Most of this knowledge from a book by a man named Jeffrey Gray in the book, is called neural psychology of anxiety and it's a really really difficult book- I when I was in graduate school and took me like eight months to read it and he cited like two thousand papers. Like that any read all of them any understood all of them. A lot of it was Are going neuroscience, Psycho, biology, Neuro Cycle farmer, call

Animal behavioral psychology, the animal behavior, were very good psychologists and it was all a also heavily influenced by early thinking about computation that was derived by a man named Norbert Wiener wrote a book called book on cybernetic. He was the founder of cybernetic and so did tangled all of that together, it's brilliant book. It's, I think the best book on neuroscience written in the twentieth century there's one other contender, but it's I think it's the best and so reading that book help me understand the relationship between perception and emotion and at a really fundamental level, and so here here's how it works. Essentially, so.

When you, when you are yourself in any sort of landscape wherever you happen to be you you're, in order to in order to act in any coherent manner, you have to. Orient yourself towards a destination. So that's the first thing to know: that's the thing to note is that in order to respond, to Herod, leads the world. You have to offer yourself to a destination, and so there is some there's there's theirs that that has implications one one implication is that western of what your destination needs to be arises. If you have to orient yourself towards a destination, what should you

destination be, and then the second consequence is well what or the second question that arises might be well what happens if you dont orient yourself towards anything and- and the third question might be what what If you do so, we can look at it simply. So this is how you're, so you you're brain works biologically, and you can experience that and say that I want to do something simple. I orient myself towards a direction. I just want to walk across the stage, and so I've, made a decision, a value? That's another emergent consequence of this I've made a decision to value. And the decision is that get going across the stage is better than staying where I am so. That's the answer to the old question about the chicken. You know, why did the chicken

for us, the road and the reason was: was the chicken thought that side of the road was better, because what like? Why Would you cross the road so now you know that's where the chicken cross the road and so. So one of the things this implies is that, if you, if you, if you stay bullshit destination. You ve already established something. Like a hierarchy of value, it's very simple hierarchy, but you you're acting. The presupposition that, where your head, it is better than where you are because otherwise, why would you put in the time and effort necessary to try form your current situation into that hypothetical future situation, events instantly entered a world of value where one thing is more important than another, and you can't act without that without in you can't orient yourself in the world without that. So there's no oriented yourself in the world without establishing a hierarchy of value.

It's a really useful thing to know now you decide that you're gonna walk across the stage and then your emotions kick in kickin right away. They kick in right right with the very active perception so, for example, Fr I stand here little bit backstage and I look across A clear vista, there's nothing in the way, and that are we produce a little bit of positive emotion on my part, because I I see a destination that I'd like to pursue and There's nothing in my way and the fire there's nothing but clear sailing in front of me produces a little bit. Of motion. If I stand here by contrast- and then I look at the same, if I look at this look, if I weren't self in the same direction, then, Chairs or that schools in the way- and I guess not catastrophe. You know, because I know how to walk around the stool, but it's not

but that's the only reason, because otherwise you know it would be in the way and and and whenever you observer pathway and it's it's cluttered with. Its cluttered in a manner that would interfere with your movement forward, now produces negative emotion. Is that That's part of the reason why so useful its useful no this, if you're thinking about how to your house, it's part of the reason that I have suggested to people that they clean up their rooms because you're your room is a place of pathways and if its cluttered then. Who experience, chaos and negative emotion in relationship to your goals. Sonic, it's not. Clearly laid out Vista and If it's clearly laid out, then you look at it new experience, positive emotion, that's cluttered and, and and and and

and a traveling is difficult. Then you experience negative emotion and logical that that would be the case because You're pathway forward is clutter. Then it's more difficult to get where you want to go and if it's more difficult, that takes more time and energy in that be signalled by something biological, because its costly. And so that's exactly what happens in that's actually how we look at the world. That's how the manifests itself to us. Not only emotionally, but also even perceptually, because we don't exist. We appear to receive objects that you know the way we think about how we think is. We think we look world and we see objects, and then we evaluate the we think about the objects and we evaluate them, and then we make decisions about them, but that didn't actually how you perceive the world at all has just wrong. There you perceive your role, is a place of of obstacles and and obstacles,

Things that getting your way and and thinks that move you forward and you want, Things that moves forward and they produce positive emotion, and one thinks it get in the way and they produce negative emotion and you don't look at the you, don't look at objects and then decide if their obstacles or facility. Let's say is that. You see obstacles in facilitators, that's how your brain is set up. And so that emotional perception is part of direct perception, secondary consequence of thinking. So when you, you weren't yourself towards some aim, and then you start to image meant the actions necessary to undertake that aim to make it manifests itself in the world and then observe the consequences of that and if the consequences are that you As you implement your plan, you move towards the goal, then that produces of emotion and that part

motion is a very particular type. We understand this very well that the neurological, the neurology of this is wait laid out very well the this, system that produces The emotion when you're moving towards a valued Gore runs on a narrow chemical known as dopamine and its technically known as the incentive reward system. It's it's different, often peep Think of a reward is you know, you're you're hungry and you have Thanksgiving dinner and then you're sort of complacency she hated after that, that's the reward. Hats concern majority reward. You actually aren't that motivated by Soon rewarded actually shut you down right for Hungary and you eat. Then you no longer hungry incentive reward is a different thing. Incentive rewards what pose you along towards gall and almost The positive emotion that people really value in their lives is incentive. Reward the feeling that you're are engaged in something important and it's so import.

It's so vital that incentive reward system that it be hijacked by different kinds of chemicals. And so almost the drugs that people abuse like cocaine and methamphetamine, and It's all the really all the drugs that really hook, people hope people, because they, debate, the incentive reward system, and so they produce the fact simile of purposeful engagement and they can That's a very, very potent way. In an exaggerated way, but the reason that people experience them as positive is because the drugs jack, this system that actually does indicate what constitutes a positive and so You need an aim in order to experience what positive. That's really is really an incredible thing to know. You know is that that that there's a directory patient choice between having an aim- and

Sperience sing the sort of pause in gay emotion that Gauges you meaningfully in life and there's more. But the now too, because the neural chemical system, that's activated! as a consequence of the observation that you're moving towards a valued goal. Also is analgesic. Cocaine is an incentive reward drug and its also analgesic. It's something use to know, if you ever know somebody who's suffering from intractable cancer, paying, for example, you can use a drug like an opiate which is a direct analgesic. Can you can use it? psychomotor, stimulant, Cain Analog to increase the potency of the opium So if you ever know, someone who can have their pain manages for useful thing to know if someone's approaching the end of their life, if you give a combination of riddle and an opiates hats more effective than just opiates, and it also helps people be alert. So that's it. You know a useful side effect of knowing something about

it's a useful side effect of knowing something about the underlying neural chemistry. So in any case,. In order to activate the systems that produces the sense of positive full engagement life. You have to be pursuing an aim. You have to have a name and you have to be doing it then I would also say at least to some degree: you have to be pursued successfully because otherwise it just gets to guess too complicated and two chaotic. So no way, no purpose, no meaning no positive emotion, and so that's it. That's a good. No part of the reason for that, there's a bunch of visas for about one reason is that we are actually active creatures where we have to make our way through the world. We don't just stand. Rooted one spot like plants we have to negotiate our way through the world. We have to navigate we're navigate. Creatures. You know

and worse or hunting creatures, we specify targets and lock on them and we throw things at the targets and we chased the targets and were very very much goal oriented, and you can't, even Look at the world without a goal, because you can't focus your eyes unless you pick something out as the thing that you're aiming your perception at you later you can't see the world without having an aim in mind, and so nested inside question system of what are you a Here's! What? What are you aim at? Well, maybe you want to walk across the stage. Talking to a friend of mine, the other night and he's trying to restructure a big company that is doing very well and he's quite a deep thinker, and he was he was and he's done. This before is restructured. Other companies and that's worked he's a very honest person and the way he restructures companies as you try to figure out what it is that they should be doing in then trust figure out. Why they're not doing it and then to set that right,

sort of stuff starts at the bottom to find out why things are working and he gets obstacle out of the way of the people who want to be productive and and Publishers a set of goals and he puts in it- system of rewards and punishments that are commensurate with those goals and he gets everybody pointed in the same direction, and so he said to me why this particular companies, where we make computers that are going to change the world, looking to change the lives of billions of people and that's what we're doing that's what this company does. So. That means that, if that's communicated properly within the company than the secretary, doing nothing in principle, but shuffling paper isn't exactly just doing nothing in principle but shut paper, she's part of a process that ETA It's got as an aim. The creation of computational technology that can transform the world it is an open question what you're doing so we're talking about that remember watching this.

Video awhile back. I can't remember the guy, namely the guy, who made it he some guy who goes out in the Bush any like like houses out of nothing. It just goes out there with nothing shorts on and then he glitter. This is literally true and then he's like he cares down a tree and he ties it to a sharp rock and now he has an axe and then he goes and cuts down a bunch of other little trees, and then he makes a little wall out of the trees. Takes maddening makes a foundation in any bakes, and then he has. This. Nice heartening makes little bricks for the top of it and it's absolutely amazing watching him to create out of nothing, it's it's, it's really something watch someone create out of nothing. There's something: absolutely prefer. About, and so I was thinking about that, I want to make bricks and so he'd go dig. The mud in the clay and come up with a like a mass of clay, and then he made this little frame out of sticks that was rectangular earning, packed the clay in the frame and then

pull. The frame often indeed have a nice square brick, and they do that. Over ninety was baking the bricks It's interesting to watch him do that. So I was thinking about bricklayers- and I was thinking of talking to that talking to my friend about tat, and he was thinking about bricklayers in meat. So Europe, you say: well, you know you might get kind of nihilistic about making bricks cause it's kind of local activity and you might get nihilistic about laying bricks, and you might wonder what it is that Europe too, and why that's worthwhile and what place that has in the world? To imagine that making bricks in the bricks make a wall in the wall. As part of a great building in the building is a cathedral, and the purpose of the cathedral is the Gore vacation of God, let's say, and so you ever, Hierarchy of aims their rights, the local, attached to the transcendent, and that means that

local activity partakes in the transcendent and that and that there is a Justification for the action in some hence, at every relevant level of the. What would you say of every every relevant layer of the world, and so If someone's a brick layer and their working on a medieval cathedral. The question the real quest might be where what exactly are they doing? Are they laying bricks they building a cathedral? And if they, if their building a cathedral, or what What, then, are they doing? What are they parted separating in building that cathedral, and I think it's a good question. You know I've been in Europe a lot and lots of people body Europe its unbelievably packed with tourists and the reason they go. There is because there's an unbelievable amount beauty in Europe. You know there's these amazing central cities in the EU. We surround a cathedral, and there was something there are some,

deeply aesthetic going on in Europe for hundreds of years to produce this absolute outpouring of staggering beauty and all the people whom who tarred for hundreds of years building those buildings. Can some of the cathedral took hundreds of years to build we're all parties supporting in whatever that was right, and so they had their. Local activity. There trivial activity there dated eight activity boat was associated with something transcendent in it and it gave everything it imbued breathing with deep meaning and the reason it did that, because there is a deep aim and having deep aim and abuse things with a deep meaning that how it works. It works that way technically you don't need a substitute. You know I was right, about this little bit today and. Something I cut out. What I think of what I was writing, but its relevant. You know I studied addictive for a long time when I was a graduate student and learn some of this

that I was telling you tonight and you know, we'll experimentalists, who studied addictive drugs, the psychomotor stimulants that I was talking about that effect. This is that produces engaged engagement with the world. Of emotion, engagement with the world. You can. You can study the effects of those drugs on on animals on rats, say in rats or typical laboratory animal, it actually turns out that those drugs are so addictive there and the addict. Process its associated with those positive emotions circuits is so deep that you can get animals as primordial as crustaceans addicted to the same drugs that human beings get addicted to its interest, because it tells you how deep those systems of meaning are right there hundred of millions of years. Older, unbelievable, unbelievably prefer in ancient systems that that manage

themselves within EU is as a whole, and grip. You also but a trivial thing to talk about the relationship between aim and emotion. In any If you want to get around addicted to cocaine, you have to do that that's your goal, is Europe behavioral scientist? I know I know it's pretty weird What do you do? I get rats addicted to drugs like where we're? How do you get around addicted to drugs while you have to be rather mean to the rat, as it turns out so Maginnis there's two ways that you can have rats in your life You can have rats one by one inside a cage. You can have rats in this. Naturalistic rat environment rats around We pretty social, they have rat families and they have a rat communities have rat hierarchies, and you know they community

with one another in a quite social they play, they actually laugh yard pangs EP, whose a great who recently died, unfortunately, great emotional neuroscientist. He discovered that rats laugh if you tackle them within a razor. The end of a pencil get them to laugh, but you can't tell because they they laugh out. Ultra saw like bats, and so you have to slow down there. Courting in order to hear them, and so. Now you know that too No You know it's funny, because you think tat we really were paying scientists to tickle rats with racist, like yeah, but I'll tell you some of that something that came out of that. It's not trivial! You know you take it. This is a bit of a sideways venture, but whatever you take a rat pup away, rat pup away from its mother, it'll just died, even if you feel that you give it water it'll, just die same with human infants by the way and the like

judgment and shelters, not enough. You need tech stimulation. It's it's a primary need its without it. Small mammals die and with with baby rats. If you miss with the end of a pencil racer which is kind of soft but firm, then they ll live, but you have to do that massaging and they enjoy that will giggle away what you're doing that, but you have to take them out sonic land anyways sorted. It turns to be of crucial importance. One of the derivations of that was a woman named Tiffany fields took your pink sips work on massaging baby rats. And transformed into massaging premature infants in incubators in hospitals, you know what happens: you have a premature infant as you put it in an incubator, usually loses wait for, while which is not good, because a baby specially one couldn't be borne yet should be gaining wait like mad, and so any weight loss is not good. If you take

premature infant and you massage three times a day for ten minutes, then, gains weight as fast as it does in utero, and you can detect the positive effect that six months later, which is a very long time right in human developmental terms, so that's just a good. Ample of how basic biological science can echo upward and have very practical consequences. In any case, back to the active the aim of idea, and so my friend who's trying to restructure this company is going story strange like what what are we doing providing the can There's that will change the world were hurrying to do that. What we're gonna do it in a way that will make the world a better place, and these actually serious about that, partly because he's dead paranoid about how computer, might be used to make them world really not better place and he's very, very cognizant of that, and so it's an important issue, and you know, if you get that

right and you can talk to everybody in the companies they look. You got important things to do here. You know you ve got your little part in it and maybe you know you're it. It just seems like a tiny fraction of the whole, but its integrity associated with the hall and how you do your job, how you'd your job in your local environment, There is going to have an effect on total function of the system and in a non trivial way, and in way that's more important than you think. I think that's exactly right? That's exactly that's a very important thing to know. Ok. So that's a bunch of armies marching towards one destination. Here's another one! I built this programme awhile called the Future authoring programme, and I built that, partly because I had been working with my students and this class called maps of meaning, and some of you might have what some of the maps of meaning lectures and it's the first book, I wrote, Told an audio by the way, which makes it more accessible it's very hard book, but but if you're it

you're interested in twelve rules for life and you'd like to know more than you could read maps of meaning because it goes way underneath and and and and much deeper and that's more difficult, but potentially more worthwhile. Anyways maps of meaning is a book about the impasse of aim and and the importance of direction and importance of value among other things and the IMF? Stories has stories, lay out a pathway in an aim there actually a form of commerce creation that we use to describe the world in terms of value, and I my students. Do some practical exercise as well. They were studying of meaning and learning about stories and how they orient in the world, and I had them writer. Not a biography. This kind of a rule. This is a good rule to know too. If you have a memory, that's more than about eighteen months old

and when the memory comes to mind, it still produces negative emotion. It means that haven't fully, of into or understood the significance of the events that are encapsulated in that emotion for reconstructing The aims of your life and so something bad happened to you and it froze you? You don't turn you into a prey animal and produce. Powerful emotional response and the emotion responses to freeze into avoid and not go there again, but but that's not a very sophisticated response, really what you want to do. Terrible happens to you. If you want to figure out exactly why that terrible thing happened right, you want to figure out. Oh you conducted yourself such that you increase year susceptibility to that terrible event and has no to do with whether not it's your fault, that's not! The EU the issue is if something terrible have,

You do not want it to happen again right in What you want to do, as you want to untangle the terrible event until you re, constitute the way that you map the world so that you don't walk down that path again and the real for that, at least in part, is because the purpose, of memory isn't to remember the past. The purpose of memory is to at least in part, so that you don't repeat the same errors that you repeated in the past going forward right. You learn from the past, so you don't repeated. That's the purpose of memory. It's very, very practical now. It also might be that of memory is to remember things that you did that worked and do them again, that's fine, but that you know that doesn't cause undo. Suffering. Undue suffering occurs when something terrible happen to you- and you don't understand why so students right in autobiography to bring themselves up to date in order to think about everything that has happened in their life and they're trying to

their way forward and to you on a map forward you need to know two things right. You need to know where you are and to know where you're going, if you're, using a map to get from one to another in an automobile, and you don't know where you are. You can't figure out where you're going and likewise it, dont know where you're going. Well then, you're directionless, and so you need those two points of orientation. Where are you going to collect yourself? be in that place and then you want to figure out where your headed and it's too, is that we really do want help our students. It's quite a remarkable thing. We don't! the job in our education systems, of helping our stew, figure out where they want to go. Strangely enough, you know one of the things I realize over a number of years when I was teaching, was that students the students in my classes would have spent a certain

out of time, writing essays about a variety of topics, mostly abstractions of one form or another, but Never never not almost just pure Never, they never we're sat down by someone who said I want you to spare, no wanted you. I want you to write five pages about what in the world you are going to do with your life and why, like it's important, you know it's like like what worry aim at exactly what sort of character. Do you want to develop how about some justification for right and about thought about how you're gonna strategically approach that aim and about some help some strategizing about what will happen if obstacles get in your way, how we can overcome them, I just never happens, and that We have still not really recovered from that realisation because it so absolutely absurd that we can educate people for sixteen years.

Say and never ever have them face the problem of their aim and their character in any rigorous manner? It's just beyond prevention that that's the case. In any case, we built this programme to help me do, that new was first to work book in this class and then we can put it on line and so that people could do it, and and so that, so that there is a bit of computational technology behind it to make it a little bit more space and so basically, what it does is this as well. Look first thing is well. What do you want to do with your life? our question right, it's too big that question, and so it can Freeze you and the rest the freezes use because there's just too much to it, there's too many choices, and so you computer, all that, and so you

freeze and you avoid in and its difficult, and so you can break it down. So you do as a good behavioral psychologist. You know someone's gotta problem making saw that then you break it down into subordinate problems. You know like say someone's really shy, say! Well, I'm really shy. I can't talk to people, it's like! Well, what you mean you can't talk to people, that's pretty good, war? Is you can't art anyone ever you know well, if I go to a party, I frees up, it's like what do you know how to introduce yourself? You have no idea how many people don't know how to introduce themselves. You know to know how to shake hands. You know how to put out your hand, you have to take someone else's hand without like offering them something approximating a dead carp and all you have to going to shake their hand in a friendly way, but not to friendly, and you don't pull them towards you, like a certain person that we know and.

You know, and you have to tell them your name and- and you have do that in a sort of sophisticated waiting. I do it loud enough, so they can hear you and then have to tell you there name and hopefully that those two things don't happen and exactly the same time. You know there's a bit of sophisticated any kind of have to remember the other person's name. You have to look at them. That's helpful stead of looking issues, and so there's in others there's a variety of important behavioral strategies that have to be implemented so that you can introduce yourself and then maybe when she introduce yourself are you said something to someone and now they know who you are, and so maybe you can get the ball rolling with the conversation point is If you have a complicated problem, you can break it, into simple problems until you find a problem That's so simple that even someone as incompetent, as you has a reasonable shot at solving it and that's exactly what you do as it behaviour,

psychologists. You take the big problem and you say: well, let's just figure out how you could make some progress and we'll just me the progress small enough so that at some point you will say what I could do that and then away you go and so well, that's what we did with future autumn programme. We said well case. First thing is imagined that marginal you could have the life. That would be good for you just out of just pay politically, or at least one that's better. That would be something, but we could go all the way and think that you can have the life. That would be good for you if you were taken care of yourself. That's rule two, by the way and twelve rules for life You should treat yourself as if you're someone responsible for helping, doesn't mean to be nice to yourself. Does mean to have self esteem. It's none, nonsense. It means that you take respond, Village for yourself, like you, have some value, and then you try to construct a pathway that would be appropriate for someone that has value that you would be taken care of, and so we ask people

questions like well. If you could hear what you wanted from your family? What would that look like hypothetically, you know- and everybody knows because at least you know what you don't want from your family rate- that so a fair bit of that seal indicated with negative emotion. Why dont want this, and I dont want that. I want to fight all the time. No one drinking and causing mischief in grief constantly, and I don't want to have the same old, stupid, counterproductive conversations, but what happened fifteen years ago? You know repeated constantly. I don't want Christmas to beam, never ending miserable concatenation of of foolishness that we ve been counted for the last ten years. You know do. You have some sense of what you dont want and from now you can derive some sense of what you might want if you could have what you wanted, and so Do you want from your family? What do you want I'm your friends! You can have what you wanted and the east

and you thought it through, so that it wasn't just random sequence of events? How might you plot your career, your job, because not everybody has it but almost everybody has a job, and you know jobs can be worth We even if they're, not careers, how ya educate yourself so that your little smarter tomorrow than you were yesterday, how might carry yourself physically and mentally. What can you do your time outside of work that would be valuable in productive. That's not bad said Questions like maybe I could be twenty, but servants bad, and maybe there the bay wailing, and we tell my students, you don't do it don't get perfection is talk about this you're not going to do a very good job of making your plan. Because what the hell do you know and as you move, while exactly as you move towards your goal, the way if you look at what you want is going to change and that's ok because you know, as you move tool for through a landscape, then Your view of the landscape changes and your plot and your

directory has to shift, but you still have to you have to get started. And having a bad map is way better than having no map at all If you have a bad map and you start to use it and you learn more. Detail as you move forward in your sort of low resolution way than you can improve the map, and you can upgrade your plans and- and you know So that and that's fine because part of having a good plan is to plan on having a better plan, but have to at least implement the stupid plan that you have before you go to move to a better plan and that this is also an important thing to know, because people tell me all the time, especially young people, why dont know to do also What are you doing? Well, nothing! That's stupid plan. Because all that happens is that you do nothing and then you get old. The problem with getting old. Is that your old, when you get all you know it so

doing nothing doesnt work, because you can't do nothing because the best you can do is sit there and Degenerate so that's not helpful, and so it's better to make a bad person and implemented and take the risk associated with it, because at least you learn something and so anyways people so these seven questions and then we have them right, fifteen minutes about what their life we like three to five years down the road if, if they got what they needed like they were taken care of themselves? so that's kind of cologne, and now we have them do a couple of other things. We have them do the reverse, which is because you know it's here. Another thing about rats, it's kind of interesting, so You ve already learned how to get them addicted to cocaine, isolate them in a cage right cause if their isolated in a cage. You can get them addicted to go Kane, but if there are in their families doing like rats things, you can't get them addicted to cocaine because they are better things to do. And so that's a useful thing to know. You know,

one of the ways that you stop people from being susceptible to things that can a dick. M is by ensuring that they have better things to do so. How do you motivator rat? Well, let's say you ve taught a rat to run. You get him hungry and you teach him that there's food at the end of a runway and you lift up the little door that stops from getting to the food so soon too soon, and here down the runway. Sort of proportionate to speed is proportionate that Hungary is so hungry. Well, if he is hungry, doesn't run at all, just lays. Is their dies? That's not that's! That's the limit part of the experiment so, but you know we still functional rout, he'll, zip down their pretty quick to get the cheese, and so you can tell them that's motivated by the hope of the food, but you can make him run even faster if you do something else, so rats don't like this

of cats. It's it's instinctive cool. It's like rats, don't like cats, we don't like snakes, rats, don't like cats, it's very similar thing, and so, if you have your hungry rat. You want to really get em zeppa down the cage you want to. A little cat odor over him at the same time, because any runs really fast down the runway because to get the food and get the hell away from the cat and so it's good to be running away from something you don't want at the same time that you're running toward something you do want, and so we also have people write a little counter narrative, which is Well imagine you took stock, your bad habits, and then they argue into the ground over about a three to five year period and everyone. Canada has a vision of that gets. All of you know which, hand basket. You would you

to go to Haley, and if you had your option right, some of you, it would be murdered them in some of you would be addiction and some of be obesity, and some of it be bad physical health and tell me you would be killed by relatives. You know, and so Probably justly so, and so you know how you degenerative. You allow that to happen, and it's actually unbelievably useful to sit down once in your life and think. Ok, if I live the things that I'm that if I let temptations that I am prone succumb to her, the upper hand, just Actually what sort of hell would I inhabit in three to five years? It's really worth thinking that through because then those days when the thought The cheese at the end of the runway isn't enough to get you out of bed

the thought of the hell that you might be generated in degenerating into if you just lay there might be enough impetus, Get you moving in town both of those working for you is a big deal so any ways. With this future authoring programme, we tested it out and we found We did this mostly with college and unit students, but we found that people who, who completed programme, even if they did it badly, even if they only spent an hour doing it the day. They came into the college, for orientation in the summer, suggested our rights, nothing man to think about your future. It increase them of ability that they would stay in university by almost thirty percent. Very salutary effect on grades, and that was particular they true for man. There was particularly true for ethnic minority man and it was particularly true for men who had done Lee in high school and who weren't aiming in

college or university at something that was specifically associated with a career. So I was quite cool because it had its best effect on on people who are doing the worst, which is the opposite of most psychological and interventions, guess what they use do is help the people. We're doing well, do even better, so so Why am telling you all this? While it's because in order to be properly motivated you have they have an aim and maybe we the deeper. They aim the more well elaborated the aim, the more articulated the aim, the more justifiable the aim, the more thought about the aim, the more comprehensive aim. The more motivation is associated with it, and so you know it If you have to ask what you're doing something difficult and the answer is well, if I presume Property, then I'm gonna have the friends I want, and I didn't have the family I want and I'm going to take care of myself properly, I'm going the career I want, I'm gonna, educate myself properly and I'm not

going to degenerate into the particular the hell that would otherwise be waiting for me. That's actually not a bad set of rationalizations to chase away the doubt that might otherwise be associated with what you're doing, and so that's that's, pretty useful and and pretty interesting to know And so then, the next issue might be well You should aim at something and then the question is well. What is it that you should aim at and this is a profound question in my estimation, because that's really there That's really that question is really something like what what's the purpose of life. It that's the question: what should you be aiming at one end and one question might be that arises from that, is that, is it even reasonable deposit that there is something that you should be aiming at, that that's kind of that's the question that the moral relish relativism might put forward, or maybe a

modernist might put for that forward, say something like while there's a lot of ways of looking at the world. You know one who, to say that any way is better than any other way like. Well, that's that's not helpful, in my estimation, I think it's not helpful because it's actually it's actually so, actually wrong in the post, modern claim theirs Does it there's an element of validity to it, because the elm validity is that there is a very large number of ways of looking at the world that's the element of validity that characterises the moral relativism position is well very large number of ways of work of looking at the world and then question arises what how can you be sure that one Looking at the world is preferable to another turns out to be a difficult problem, However, if you're not sure that one way of looking at the world is better than another?

Well, then you don't have an aim and if you don't have an aim, you don't have a goal and if you dont have a goal, then you don't have any positive emotion and that too to be a really bad thing. Part of the reason for that is, how many positive emotion, if you don't have a goal, but you ve got plenty of negative emotion, so party wide lady emphasis to a large degree and twelve rules for life on suffering because you gotta know what's real and I mean I've, there's there's a variety of things that are real, but the two things that really stand out as real for me periodically one pain damn hard? Argue yourself out of pain, Another is malevolence I think malevolence is the the willingness or the desire to produce pain when that's our necessary it's very difficult for me to do too.

I've never met anybody successfully. Anybody who could successfully org themselves out of belief in those things. Malevolence is a bit different because not everybody's in encountered it let me tell you if you virtually encountered it, you can't argue your way out of its existence because it will damage you, that's what happens to people post magic stress disorder and they can think their way out of it. It's too deep. And we all suffer we're all susceptible to pain system. Able to misery unto death. All of that life is very, very difficult, and so happens to you. If you adopt a viewpoint, deprives your life of any transcendent are super ordinary meaning. Is that all the pause developments go away? All the other me all. The of the Inn

agent meaning vanishes. You can destroy that rationally, but the pain and the misery and the malevolence remains. And then what happens is that you suffer without hope of respite, and that makes you cruel and better and vengeful and none of that seems to be good unless you think that where you head, when you are possessed by that sort of motivate is something that's desirable and you know you have to have. Gone a long way towards the abyss before you start to think that, and so A higher order purpose in some senses and optional to discuss, that's not optional, because alternative, is that generation that comes along with being susceptible. Pointless suffering and saw it all we talked about. The chicken who decide

the crossing the road was a good idea, because the other side of the road was better, at least as far as the chicken was concerned, and then, of course you might question the chickens, moral knowledge and wonder, philosophically why the others the road would be better then decide that you're already on, and that's that's a very profound and difficult question, but I actually think I believe that that course is answerable. So I think that reason that so the most modern types who positive That is a very large number of ways of looking at the world are correct, but when they stretch that and say There's no way of determining there's no way of rank ordering ways,

Looking at the world in terms of their validity, then they ve made a mistake. Now it's not like it's. Conundrum that's easy to solve. What's worth doing. Well, that's a very difficult question, but it's worth while attempting to answer it so that the next thing we're going to do is we're going to answer it so I'll get another army in motion here so I want to tell you something first about consciousness. That's quite interesting and it's an argument against determinism- and I have to make this argument before it- can make the next argument that I want to make so. We know what we don't know that much about consciousness like it's a mystery its probably the ultimate mystery. As far as I can tell, because we don't

you stand how it is that we can be aware, or even what aware. This means that we don't understand. The relationship between the existence of things, the fact that there is something that's aware of those things, because it's not obvious what it would mean for things to exist if nothing was aware of them, so that the problem consciousness is merely the pro of awareness, it's even in some sense, the problem being because being without awareness seems, while its income. Sensible in some sense there's something but no one registers it well, what's is there something then. In any case com, This is a mystery, but one of the things we do know about it is that you are more likely to be conscious when you do things that you don't know how to do so. For example, if you, if you take a native language. Speaker danish, would that was too

was that was used for this study and you you put someone you know scanning machine and you and you computer, much glucose their brain is using and how many areas are active. If you play Danish forward, like in its proper order, the very small part of their brain is active and they don't use much glucose, but if you played Danish Backward, which is equivalent in in in in full complexity. Let's say then huge parts of their brain light up, is away harder to listen to danish backwards than it is to listen to Danish forward, and it turns out that under no circumstances when you're doing something that you don't know how to do then your brain is very, very active and then, as you practice, what happens is that smaller and smaller part of your brain is activated until it kind of shifts like this. It's like your right and left hemispheres are activated when you're trying something new and then than that

activity shifts over the left, as you practice, and the amount your brain, that's active, get smaller and that's continues to shrink until there's a small machine. Let's say formulated in the back part of the left part in left side of your brain and its specialized for that particular activity and then become expert at it. You ve built them Henry that enables you to undertake that task in a rather deterministic manner, and now you don't have to be conscious, and so, when you drive to work, you know thinking about what you gonna do at work and pay much meaning what Road, nor that but you're, not you not thinking about the road. The same way you were when you first gripped the steering wheel when you were fourteen- and you were learning to drive and that was absolutely exhausting after ten minutes, because you ve got all the circuitry built you're lookin three hundred yards down the road, you know actually when to push the brake know exactly how much you to turn the wheel? That's all Tom enticed and you ve turned into something approximating deterministic organism, but that doesn't-

happen when you don't know what you're doing, and so that's what consciousness seems to be that's what consciousness seems to be four since it seems to be the Can ism that's operative when you don't know what you're doing Happy deterministic, and I think the reason for that is that, in order for four for you, to operate as a deterministic organism. All of the Bible. You call substructures that enable you to undertake the activity have to be built and you build through practice and then once their built, they can run in an automatic autumn. Manner, and that is exactly how it works for me, you don't have to think much You walk. That's automated Europe think much when you write a bike united to think much when your play the piano, if you're playing a peace that you practised a tremendous amount. But if you stumble over a then get conscious of where you stumbled, and then you go back and you practice new practice, new practice, new practice and you build

yourself, a new automatic circuit that will run automatically, and then you can continue with the music, and maybe we're consciousness when you're playing the music. Is you know it's it's bounced up above what you practised in you. Concentrate consciously on how you phrase the music and how you twisted and turn it and and on the higher order elements of their performance consciousness is still open but a lot of its running on automatic and so justice. Is there when you, run on automatic com, Business is what confronts than the novel or what can confront the unknown as such, I think that's right that's what consciousness does and so you're a deterministic organism in some ways when you're running through your practice Habitual routines, but when you're facing what you ve never encountered before then consciousness is parading in it. It's the same

that faces the unknown and build new structure are so so that's worth thinking about. It's a good good way of thinking about what a human being is like, and so ok. So now, let's, let's, let's play that little bit. So imagine. Trying to figure out how it is that wake interacting with the world and what are what face? your motive, interacting with the world. And so you wake up in the morning. And what are you face consciously now, you're conscious you weren't cause. You were asleep and now you're conscious and you seem to face in the world in the morning or the possibilities of the world, wake up and you think about all the things that you can do that day and you could think while others theirs it very large number of pathways that lie there in front of you that you could conceivably walked down and maybe you're worried about it, because what too much on your plate right just too many decisions to make an that's kind, overwhelming or maybe you're excited about it, because it over there

there's a landscape of new potential that you can explore. Maybe there's some balance there, but in any case you wait. Up in the morning and confront what coming out you that you have not yet mastered The role of your conscience of your consciousness is taken what's novel right, so you think about that. Man. You see, if you think so that that's the world that you confront is a conscious being it's the world of possibility and potential it's there. Things that you could do it, don't you might might play without in your imagination? Well, here things. I need to do and here's some things I could do and here's what might happen. If I don't do, the things that I know I should today, for example, is various cliffs that you might fall off. If you dont manifest your responsibilities and and so toying with that field. Potential. That's in front of you. I think that's a good way of thinking about the reality

that human beings that human beings occupy we're, not We are in some sense deterministic creatures, but only once we ve been transformed into only one. We have established our habits and only then in an environment that stable, but what we can with the conscious part of our being is that terror which witches as of yet on mapped and call justness is the attempt to map that territory into plot our way through it and to establish the proper aims and then maybe to become expert out at across time, but consciousness is confronting the potential What we do we're we're we're where the conscious that confronts the potential right now, put another army in operation here to talk about the first of Genesis, so there's this The reason for this is where I am very interested in store I think they sit at the basis of our cognitive structure. Fact I think the

evidence for that is overwhelming that we really look at the world through stories. And there's hierarchies of story. Some stories are more fundamental than others. Some stories are deeper than others, and you know that, because you know that there is great better Turner's, cheap novels- and you know, there's a difference between them and the great literature is deep, whatever the hell. That means and the cheap novels or are there shallow right? And We understand that metaphor and deep means accepting many things simultaneously or something like that, and that the deepest narratives are the ones that are at the base of our culture that everything in our call. Depends on it, Among those deep narratives is the narrative say, that's outline of in Genesis and Genesis, posits Dick structure to the world and the structure is this so there's a US, a potential Toe Hoover. Bow who that's that

informed chaos that exists that coexists with God. That's one way of looking at it and that word till movable who that comes from an older word from the Mesopotamia word TM at tea and was a particular kind of message. Mesopotamian goddess and she was the goddess of chaos. And the originator of part of the part of the story That gave rise to the to the to the to the to the phenomenal world, and so the two who babble, who isn't nothingness exactly it's not the right way to think about it, its potential and so there's this hypothesis and Genesis the nature of about the nature of reality. That reality manifests itself in part this potential in part.

The structure that confronts potential and that's that's, doubt in Genesis, as God is laid out, is God the Father actually in the idea there is that it's it's it's, It's the same idea that I just laid out with regard to how you operating in the morning you wake up in the potential of the world is sitting there in front of you Question is how do you encounter that potential and the answer is well not with nothing I mean there. You are in Europe deeply structured thing now. You're, not captured enough so that that structure can just operate, deterministic cleaned and transform the potential into actuality. You still have to make decisions whatever that means you have to make choices. You have to contend in wrestle with the potential before manifests itself as reality, but it does do that. I mean that that's how we seem to treat ourselves right. You you you get up in the morning. You know that their decisions you have to make an, and why does it matter whether you may

decisions, and the answer is well- the way of the world lays itself out actually depends on the decisions that you make, and you know you know what I'm listening to nuff to know with perfect certainty that if you make decision, acts that Why is going to occur, but you know you're, not a cop, you not pleadingly blind and stumbling about either and you off know perfectly well that it, if there's something important, to be done that you don't do that some little bit of hellish chaos will definitely manifest itself right, you're certain enough of that and so you do right. To yourself and tree yourselves like Ura us, a structure of structure, would you say: you're you're you're, a dynamic structure of ability, something like that that can contend with potential and transform it into reality, and that's it. Actually what's laid out sort of

large and genesis you have God, whose the representation of the structure that interact with potential that two things and then there's a third. Actor, which is the Process that mediate, the interaction so the way that story is told and Genesis is that God uses to confront potential and to transform it into habitable order is the word. And it's a separate thing. It's a process, what's the same thing, it's it's kinda as far as I can tell it to kin to your come. Negative consciousness. It again It's on the large scale at something like that, and. You use that too. The chaos into the world now there's ethical dimension to that too, which is quite cool so.

As the biblical corpus developed conceptual, across time the word was associated with the word. Logos and it was associated with a variety of virtues. Let's say- and I would say the primary you that its associated with is truth. So there's this notion in the in Genesis that God whose is truth to encounter potential and the consequences, the the consequent of the emerging, the consequences That is the emergence of habitable order, and so happens, God does that use the word com, its things out of the potential now then says repeatedly, and it was good. And so there is a moral hypothesis there too, which is absent. Thirdly, crucial and the more a hypothesis. Is there which is extracted out of potential with Ruth, is good and that,

it's a hypothesis and so then you might think. Well, what do you do when you're lying there in the morning. Trying to figure out how you're going to wrestle with the potential that constitute the day, that confronts you, and part of the answer is where you make ethical decisions about how it is that you're, gonna interact. With words in front of you, you know like maybe didn't do something at work that you should have done in so you're going to go. Give your boss a story about that isn't true about Why it is that you didn't do it, Well out of battles things right and of course you You don't believe that you know perfectly well. It won't set things right, but Maybe it will stop you from being in trouble in that day, and maybe you feel guilty and ashamed about it. If you have any bloody sense and You know that the be, The world that your point

into being as a consequence of your roof, whose or to engage forthrightly with what's in front of you is damaging to you and it's damaging to the people around you It undermines the integrity of the fabric of being itself and you still might be inclined to do it, because maybe deluded enough to think that you can get away with it but can tell you one thing: this is my opinion, something that I derived as it can quantum myself of ours of practice. As a clinical psychologist and one thing I've learned, which are not necessarily that happy do have learned, is No one ever gets away with anything ever it always comes back to haunt you and so you take the easy way out, while you're contemplating how you're going to interact with the potential that's in front of you and you decide that. In war, part of the structure can hide something. That's happened.

Actually happened. You can hide it and you can deceive yourself about it and you can twist the structure of the world around so that that somehow no longer exists like that's, not. A strategy, that's going anywhere, that is not to work. All you have to do is think it through to know that because first of all, you do know that when you do it, because you wouldn't feel guilty and ashamed and low about it. If you didn't know that- and second really is That your capable of men, believing the structure of reality transforming it into something that's falls and that that's going to work. You think you can do that there's an arrogance in that. That's, what's a fundamentally, why mean that technically by the way, but it's it's it's? Not it's. It's not. Starter so any ways in the in the book of Genesis

the notion is that, well, God uses the word thing roughly akin to consciousness sort of what would you say something contemplated or conceptualize on cosmic scale to interact. Potential- to produce habitable order repeats. The. Observation that it's good that often seriously we're thinking about four rest of your life, it's it's it's, It's the fundamental element of a certain kind of face, And the faith is this: that whatever it is that you bring into being as a consequence of parties. Dissipating. The truth is, by definition, good. And then that's a hell of a thing to know. Now you can ask yourself, and maybe you should, if you, if you believe that to be true- and maybe you don't, but if you do believe it to be true,

believe that there is some possibility that it can be true, it's very it puts rock underneath you, you know it puts a foundation underneath you, because you can think what what what do I have to do in order to interact with this potential properly and the answers we just have to the truth and if you know things will happen as a consequence of telling the truth, and some of them will be a little hard to bear in the short term, which is obviously why people lie right? Why do you live so that you can reduce the short term consequences of your actions, see! That's why you do it, and so sometimes, if you tell the truth, There's gonna be some rough going in the near future, but that doesn't mean It's a bad medium to long term strategy and everybody knows that any ways, because if you have children or if you have people around that you love you Tell them

look. Here's a good strategy kid so, whenever you're in trouble just lie your way out of it, that's what everybody else that, even if everybody did that properly the whole world would function perfectly like no one believes that no one ever uses it as advice, so close with this so I made this diagram once I've not written about it, but I've been haven't published. Been writing about it for a very long time, stranded, composed idea of ethical Conner. Into something that was a differentiated, and so I drew this diagram said. Well, imagine that one of the things you wanted. You want to be a good person, so what what does it mean good person I was thinking about this is a behavioral psychologist. What might be? my mean being a good parent. That's All it means because it might be a good when there might be a good wife, might be in a good employ in what might be being goods of good siblings.

This does lots of sub elements to being a good person, but being a good. Parent is a subset of being a good person, so it's a little more focus and say what what what do you have to do to be a good parent? Well, you might be a good father. What you have to do to be good, for there's like maybe after cook now and then, and hopefully something edible and so not not poisoned with hate and bitterness that you happen to be stuck in the kitchen and so well. That's you make a good meal or whether you can decompose that what you have to do to make a good meal. Well, you have to you have to set the table and you have to, and you have to cut up the vegetables and you have to say, today the sausage and so let's get pretty focal right, though, that short term rather practical procedure and in

and you can decompose that even needed can say what you have slice up: the vegetables. How do you do that when you move your hands back and forth right point: it's no longer conceptual right, and so an interesting way of thinking about it, ethics, because you can something abstract like be a good person which is up in the air raids, its It's an abstract virtue. It's an abstract conceptualisation, but then you can decomposing new, find out that it's actually a sequence of actions and that's how the mind meets the body, and so you you, you got up there, she was properly and you do that properly so that you can make a good meal and you do that, make the good meal. So you can be a good father. So you can be a good parents who can be a good person and so the reason you're coming up, the vegetables is so that you can be a good person. Is the local, heartaches in the higher just like that bricklayer whose whose doing something locally but participating in the higher? At the same time, and then you need that participation in the higher, because

the abuse that who did things you do the things that you do data day with a deep mean is there association with the whole hierarchy value right all the way up the chain. You want to be person, let's say, That's why you're cutting up vegetables carefully and properly You know, if any of you know about the connection between bring up the vegetables and being a good person, and you gonna cut them up carefully and you're gonna, cut carefully and you can it can mean that's good and if you do that every day. Well, then, you have a whole lifetime of pleasurable high quality meals that you share with people that you love as a non trivial component of being a good person. So so so even as you decomposed virtues down into their practicalities, you dont lose the importance of what's being of what's being done or what is That's at the top of the hierarchy.

The good person. What what does that mean? Well, it can be decomposed into these price to processes. A myriad of the many want, a practice all them so you're good at them. You wanna egg, them into this, aged levels of your being, but there's something at the top. The beckons I'll give you a little example of that in the move in the movie Pinocchio Japan, whose God, for all intents and purposes, makes this The public's a wooden headed marionette with new spirits, something else is pulling its strings and but hope and wish that embedded in Japan. Motivations, and that is that the thing he creates can be. Autonomous and genuine and happens is that two catalyze that process he lay It's his eyes above the horizon right and

He wishes on a star very strange to do. What's, the symbol for thing is star is a light that back into the darkness, and it's something that's it's a To transcend an object above the horizon, and so this idea than in order to catalyze the development of something autonomous and real? You have to lift your eyes above the horizon and tablets. Your relationship with the transcendent goal catalyze is the development of something that's our ingenuous and Pinocchio to learn what he has learned, not to be a victim. That's part of that's part of what learns and he has learned not to be a crook learned not to be a showman and he has to tell the truth. All of that and then to learn to rescue is farther from the belly of the whale right to become completely in cultural, two faces darkest fears and to discover within the structure of the darkest fears. What it is that he could be in potential courage associated with that as well, when it's the truth element that I want to concentrate on

there's this deep idea and in and idea of its that's correct and it has to do with reality, a value like the other thing that stressed in genesis after. Description of how reality lays itself out proposition that that which is engendered out of potential by the truth is good is the final proposition, which is that Men and women alike are made in the image of God. Which is staggering and miraculous claim, especially for that time, partly because of its likelihood. Let's say that that that would be positive. That's something as lowly as a human being and fragile and vulnerable and and and and and what would you say fatally corrupted could

still have that transcend in value and then equally that it would be shared between men and women alike, its remit couple that that that emerged as a concept so long ago. It so absolutely. Well, I think miraculous is exactly the right way to think about it. It seems to be that that the UN's since that men and women are made in the image of God has something to do with the capacity of human beings to. Gauge in the process generating the world out of the potential that confronts them, and that can do that properly by you. In truth, as the fundamental tool of engagement. And it's that realization. I think that constitutes the proper. Transcendent value, that

grounds our entire ethical systems, performing your mundane, our activities. Well, they scale upwards towards some transcendent goal. What what's the trend? Senegal? to live in the truth, so that you can so that you can confront the potential that is not yet realised as the world to transform it into the habitable order. That is good. I'm ok with this, and you can take this look we already accept. This is true. Our cultures predicated on the idea that this is true,

this is why I like your own, granted inalienable rights right now. You possess inalienable right. You not granted them their intrinsic to you right even state has to stay away from you because of your inalienable value. Hats, the predicated of your culture, particularly through the United States. Why because there's some realisation that you bring something to bear on the world right in your sovereign individuality. You you you're, the bearer of the capacity to transform potential in actuality there's something that's sufficiently divine about that, too, to be the source of what is, the source of the inalienable rights that even bound the authority of the state and the story, is that not only is this,

authority of the state bounded by that recognition and necessarily bounded and win bloody. Well know what sort of hell is produced when states forget that right now clearly evident? Is that the story is that the integrity of the state itself depends on that, which is partly why you have the sports ability, as the sovereign citizen to to choose the p? All that hypothetically lead you right more accurately follow you properly. And so our entire cultures predicated on the idea that the inalienable value that characterises you constitutes the foundation of the of the free and joy, asked and productive and autonomous state. We all that out? So I do we believe it and if we don't believe it well, then what And if we do believe it, well, maybe we should take it seriously, if I serious thing It is the case. You know it's been ok,

with this- has been so interesting for me, over the last year, do what I'm doing because of so many people and and and so People have told me the same story. You know they ve been there. To what I've been tabled, sing to my Youtube lectures, or they ve been listening to my podcast. They ve been reading this book and the book says: well, you know, take some bloody responsibility as much as you can bear. If you can tell the truth, because there the pathway to a proper life, and so people tell me, and they say: look I've been trying to sort out my life. I've been trying. Some of these things have been trying to just tell the truth, or at least, to lie more responsibility. You know I've been trying to. Things right with my family, and you know what it's really working and so

that's motivated me to continue travelling around like this and talking government something's motivating you all to come out. Listen, it's not so obvious, not so easy to put your finger on that you know, but I, but this works its because it's true. You know you are made in the image of God for that's worth you know it isn't obvious what that means. None of us are deepening, to fully comprehend that idea in order it's easy for us to lose it because it seems what It's not something that you can grip so straightforwardly, but I don't see. I don't see a flaw, an idea that you

consciousness confronts the potential. That's not yet manifested itself in that the manner in which their potential transforms itself into your world. In your family's world and you're communities, world is directly a consequence. The quality of the ethical choices that you make well you're, interacting with what has no. Yeah, come to be and so that means that the structure of the world, whether nodded habitable or in on uninhabitable right heaven a hell like is dependent on the ethics the choices that you make an that encounter I think, if you, I think we all know that, and I think we judge each other and ourselves on that basis. If we knew it consciously and we acted properly with intent, that things be much better than they would otherwise be, and if we didn't they would be much worse, and so I'm hoping that

We can become more conscious of these sorts of things mean we can understand the more deeply and that as a concept where more motivated to take ourselves seriously into and to bear. The of transforming the protests, that surrounds us into the order. We would like to see and that within their wicked see and act out the destiny that what would you say, the desk needs that sustains us properly through the difficulties of our lives. Thank you very much for my friend. You were not messing around tonight, not nothing you ever do, but you really I mean I could feel it before the show. There you are ready to bring it tonight can I everybody

here: we go this there's a tiny questions and there's a lot about this. First one you left Patria when and what can we expect from the new platform? Well, what is the first question. What we're going to try to run it by rule of law? I guess which means that few don't break a law. You dont, get kicked off right, What we hope to offer, as well as a more com, perhaps of a civilised way of interacting online and

perhaps a more mature way, we're trying to work out how to reward Productive in civilised discussion mean whenever produce a new these these these, these internet. Systems are new societies right in the kind of animal kick, and and frontier like to begin with, and the problem with that there's freedom that goes along without, but the problem is that they can be habited by. People who misuse them their game. In some sense that starts to become unplayable, because people break explicit an implicit rules and cheat, and we're trying to figure out how we can create a system that will allows for maximum freedom, where

Maintaining the minimum requirements for civilized discourse, and it isn't, that will be able to manage that. But at least one of the rules is going to be not going to arbitrarily dispense with your right to communicate because your views don't align with ours politically so got it. Dad, too, that we our work cut out for us. Yes, rights were actually we're trying to make the internet too and a mature level of it, busy. So you know Dave and I put up with it- it's tough because it isn't The text or underlying technology shifts Saddam fasted. The problem you're trying to solve, might vanish as a problem by the time you move towards a solution,

David. I, when we went on page her and we set up just simpler funding services and they actually work quite well, and so one of the can. Engines that we're facing now is like it isn't, It isn't obvious that you can group on a large number of creators together in a group without running into the sorts of problems that patron either. Ran into or produced you know, and maybe the solution is that we don't need page Anymore, because there's other ways that creators can array for public funding. That makes each of them independent and much more difficult to take out as independent entities but yeah well, I use bitcoin my own service, just more of curiosity than anything else, what we are trying to make a collective platform and

Got a long ways on it: we have a good team working on it and we have the same vision, but you know software pro ex are mostly doomed to failure, and this is a very big problem to solve, but we're going to give it a crack anyway, so well we'd, never gonna miss one before have you ever a dungeons and dragons no I tried to play at once when I was a kid like you know forty years ago, but we chain, rule book, and we didn't know. This is a nice little town. I grew up with in the northern Alberta and we didn't know anybody that knew how to play it and we couldn't how to play at just by looking at the rules, and so we got bored- and I don't know when drink like ice cold vodka, there

Elliot instead, you're gettin Petersen unplugged tonight. I have for teenage boys with me here tonight. What is the best p, of advice. You can give them to get through the struggles they are going to face. I guess that was actually sort of the theme of what you did here tonight. Where are these guys right here? Don't underestimate your, That's the first thing: don't shy away from responsibility that be that's a tough one to figure out. You know because risk it's easy to consider responsibility, a burden that you in that kind of premature cynicism that often does teenagers in its really not good that responsibility.

Civic responsibility, familiar responsibility, responsibility to yourself responsibility to the people that you date, it's did he get cynical about that and that's a big mistake, because in that way Flexibility is your destiny, and so, if you get cynical about that, you corrupt yourself prematurely and it's a terrible situation for someone young to be in I've, seen lots of young people who were prematurely cynical about participating properly and in life, and there like old and worn out way before their time. So. So aim at something the name high and don't dressed to meet your possibilities. You know if you're, forthright and dedicated and you're honest, which is a very difficult thing to manage. Then, The problems in the world will do

appear as you confront them. You can do that. You know people can really be something and you could be one of those people and you don't have anything to do so. You might as well give it a shot the terrible sag way, but if I throw Blunt onstage will you to smoke, it I don't know a lot of us here are highly tempting offer. What advice would you The citizens of Venezuela

Rarely should a smoke the blood. What what happened today? I didn't. I didn't look at the news today. What happened are the? What what's going on in Venezuela are? They did is degenerating conflict, so did anything new actually happened today I was travelling most of the day, but. Yeah? I know there's two guiding presidents I'd. I just wondered if that have degenerated into something closer to civil war. Seven dead seven did yeah well, I hope they hold their ground man, because Venezuela has been rough place for a long time, and I don't know when it's very difficult to give advice. When you see people trapped in a situation, that's going so far that it's almost it it can. It can't be straightforwardly fit

The right advice is to not get yourself in a situation like that right and I'm not trying to be flippant about that. Is that, what's Leonard Cohen, what did he say poet? Is decent place to stand in a massacre sometimes you're somewhere, where there isn't anything but bad options. That's not a good thing in Venezuela might be one of those places. Hopefully the current president will let go and disappear, but that seems highly unlikely to me because he's not the sort of person whose likely to do that so best of luck to them. That's all I can say I dont have any real advice.

Growth and other sort, a topical one. What are your thoughts? Coventry, catholic, high school media debacle, while I think part of it in you know it. You could say that those who criticise the kids jump to moral conclusions, but then you could say that those who criticise those who criticised the kids jump to moral conclusions and look what here's something you learn as a social scientist as a psychologist, if you're, if you're good psychologist you learn that a lot of things that look psychological aren't their situation and I would say what happened that situation and what happens a lot online is actually a secondary consequence of the operation of technologies that we don't understand.

I mean why is there so much online more being? Well, these think human natures changed fundamental. In the last five years, or do you think, there's something about the online technology that lends itself to online more being because we haven't figured out how to regulate it appropriately. That's a much wiser suggest I mean who knows how the Hell Twitter works. I mean all of a sudden, you know, two million people can communicate with each other, but only with a hundred and forty or two hundred eighty characters. What is that biological revolution? We have no idea what that's going to cause. What we know. If you look at twitter kind of ugly in all biggest twitter seems reward impulsivity and it can move in seventy around very quickly and people are more Likely to read tweed thing they're, outraged by an outrage, makes you impulsive. You know what I mean twitter, lots and I can see in my reflected.

My own behaviour, the propensity for it to magnify outrage. Well, you know people it would have been better. Had people not jump to the two solutions and reviewed all the evidence at hand, but but these new media forms mitigate against that in many circumstances, right and outrage can spread in a flash and so people get caught in that you say well, you know that's also motivated by the desire to morally posture and to be to adopt the position super ordinary virtue and all of that and I and that's a contributor, but I do think so. Much of this, including the polarisation that characterizes our current political discourse. I really think a tremendous amount of that is a consequence of.

Technological change that so rapid that we can't keep up. You know, like you, see that traditional media degenerating very rapidly and talking about the degenerate sure as viable, financially. Enterprises right tv stations are threatened their dead because of you tube radios dead because of podcast print journalism is dead because of blogs and those are massive technological changes, but these these old entities, the mainstream media entities, exist are still running on empty. There still running on inertia, but They fall apart under the stress of competition. They can't tolerate their more and more desperate for clicks and so they're more more desperate and they have fewer and fewer people and they have fewer and fewer fact checker. So it's easier to just chase after the outrage, and so there in a death spiral. That's

manifests itself in competitive outrage, and you know could say what that's a consequence of the moral, the lack of moral rectitude The part of the journalists, but I think that in some sense there they are caught up in something bigger and we don't know how to regulate it well, and so think that happened in this issue she is well. You know it's. It's like the whole bloody country, is one big junior high school class only two guys we're working on a tech company that might some of this well we'll see about that. These things are very to solve? When did decide to become a middle aged male fashion, icon

they love it We even know you never know what you should attend to. You know like. I would say that I've always warned suit to lecture with an eye experimented with buying relatively high quality suits. I didn't know what I was doing really, so it took quite a long time to learn. I wouldn't say that fashion has been a preoccupation of mine and I probably had the proclivity to consider it something of somewhat lesser importance, and I am not saying that

was justifiable, but then, when I thought about this tour, you know when I became aware that this to her was a possibility. I thought well, and it was also the case for working on twelve rules for life and marketing it. I mean my basic attitude and it was the attitude that I shared with my pushers was in all leave no stone unturned. I was going to try to make this is, as I was going to do everything I could to make this work as well as possible, and so I thought well, I'm gonna go talk to you. No fifty thousand people are a hundred thousand pay why models will by a good suit. Well, you know what I mean it didn't seem gonna guilty about it can some other suits. I bought we're way more expensive than I thought anyone sensible from northern Alberto should ever spend on a sou. So I bad about it, and I thought it was sort of it. You know an unwarranted,

actually, but by the same token, I thought well no. I really am, as I've indicated when I first came out on states like I'm very, I think it's a great privilege to speak. To all of you. And I think this has been an unbelievable gift for me to have this, opportunity- and I wanted you everything I possibly could to indicate that you know I was taking it with due. Seriousness and attending to all the details, because it's important, if you're doing something that might be of significance to attend to all the details and so And you know, maybe it makes me two percent more effective or something like that to come out and and and be closed properly. And that's worth at that extra edge, and if this fifty decisions like that, and that makes you a hundred percent more effective than you know.

The decisions isn't that many, and so that's the story of fashion. I call you know. One of the things that happened is that lots of people who come to he's lectures dress up or to the young guys that come up when I meet people afterwards, you know and lots of them are wearing two peace or three peace. And they look pretty damn sharp. You know it's kind of nice to see young people dress, like it, So I didn't expect that, but its good and they're happy and I say, look you're looking good, they smile. They think I put some effort into it. You know when it's nice to do too for at least one more avenue to encourage people. Young people too grow the hell up. You know because it's better than being an old child. So

dressing can someone fine, true joy in a career that only provides income and no sense of purpose. Well, I would say: there's an internal contradiction in that question. You know because that the second part of the question sort of negates, first. Can you find true joy if what what's the end of it, exactly if at all, if the job we provide income in no sense of purpose. Yes would say: no is the answer to that question, but then I would also I'm goin answered in a different way, because I think the question there's something else lurking in the question. First of only income will there. Not so only if your family depends on it. You know, and- and sometimes something takes. A meaning, because for a secondary reason, you know maybe you're working out a job that

isn't as fulfilling for you substantially as it might be, but at the moment that's what you have to contend with, because therapy depending on you and the fact that their d hang on you and that you're fulfilling that obligation can lend what you're doing meaning- and that's that's a perfectly- that's perfectly reasonable that it's lent meaning in that manner. So context matters you know and as we discussed it, detailed tonight, and it would be better if you could find something that had a certain amount of intrinsic meaning, as well as paying the bill, but that, but then I would also say. The questions artificial in some sense, because there's almost it's very difficult

find a job that so shallow that you can derive something profound from it, and I had lots of working class jobs when I was younger. I really liked working in restaurants, and I was a dishwasher for a long time and then I was assured, ordered cook and you know those are entry level working class jobs while perhaps not to cook part, but the dishwasher part. Certainly, but you know there is some real satisfaction is something I learned when I was about third and there were some real satisfaction in doing their job properly. You know and the consequence of doing it properly with a real hard ass old german chef in his wife here, The real son of a bitch when I first started working. Well, you know they give dishwashers in an data they all quit after a couple of days, and so you come in as a new

Roy under those circumstances and you're kind of treated with a bit of contempt like your disposable. But I am, I didn't quit and God I was there to like two in the morning- turn to catch up on all the damn dishes, because I didn't know what the hell I was doing, and I struggled through that for week. I remember going home and target my father, about thirteen or fourteen. I said I don't know if I can do this, damn job, I'm working as hard as I can like they're five hours after I'm supposed to be, and I'm still catching up. I said I'm working as hard as I could well after about a week, though chef pity on me because he thought I was never run off and he just show we have to do it out, organise all the dishes and then like. I was three hours ahead after that, and then I got the clerks- and I got to know the You know the sheriff and I got to know the owners and they all treated me like I was an adult and I got to have What we're very high quality relate

ships. When I was a teenager that really help me a lot like looking back on my teenage life. The best thing I did was work, and so even energy that's trivial. There are things can do if you pay attention that L a It is beyond the trivial because you're almost always working with other people and nurse things that you can do to make that better or worse and then all of a sudden, it's not trivial. Conditions have to be washed and meals have to be made. Then you know if you work as a line cork, a shorter cook, there's a big difference between doing that right and doing wrong. You can make one dismal and wretched meal had one tonight outer fact at the hotel I'm staying. You know they took this steak and just torture bloody thing to death. It was, it was, barely edible and very annoying, because it could have been decent, and you know you can you can contribute here. You're held to the world if you're bitter unresentful as a cook

you can do so. I wouldn't you There's this idea Alexander Solzhenitsyn talked about it's an old, especially in orthodox christian idea, but its deep idea and I is that each of us is the centre of the world which are- and I believe that to be the case in that wherever you are, is at the centre, and there are things that you can do in their position that are better than you think they could be you it is powerless in a powerless position, as you think you are, I mean I know there's three gradations of power. I'm not I'm not trying to be naively optimistic about this, but I've seen this time and time again you know people in menial jobs- let's say menial, pointless job start to do them well and then all

suddenly neither menial nor pointless and their springboard for further movement. Lots of young people have come up to me, often in restaurants. It's quite funny because, while I go to restaurants, and sometimes they recognize me- and they say you know- I've been have been putting some of your ideas to ignore, nation out this job and I've had three promotions in the last six months. It's like yeah, no kidding man, you gotta trajectory established, and so that's not trivial. So I think it's a rare job that so constraining that you can't find something profound and meaningful. In it, and if it is their job that, then you should leave If you know, if you are in a situation where that can happen, then you should leave really I, for one more so want to get the right. One here can,

of you. Please ask Shapiro to speak slower. I would just ruin it. You know I ve had the I've had. The great should I think, of meeting two of the world's fastest talkers right ship being one and Camille Pollyanna being the other which one of my dreams to get them in the same room side of our proposed that you know be lovely to seek, as I don't know, who would win so because she's a force of nature that woman man, it's unbelievable, she's so fast, verbally and Shapiro he's in the same sort of league. So now wouldn't want him to talk slower. That would just ruin the fun. On that. No guys I'm gonna get out of the way makes me

for Jordan Petersen everybody. Thank you. Thank you very much. I was a great pleasure being here. I appreciate your coming out. He found this conversation meaningful. You might think about picking up dad's bucks maps of meaning the architecture of belief or isn't best seller, twelve rules for life, an antidote to chaos both of these works. Doubt much deeper into the topics covered in the Jordan. Be Petersen, Podcast, see, Jordan, be Petersen, DOT, com for audio e book and text links or pick up the bill. Your favorite bookseller and check out Me Petersen, dot com, slashed personality for information on his new course are really hope you enjoy this podcast- if you did if a rating it apple, podcast a comment, a review or share this episode with a friend thanks for doing it taught. You know week. Tell me on my Youtube Channel Jordan be Petersen on Twitter. At Jordan, be Petersen on Facebook at Doktor, John

we'll be Petersen and Instagram Jordan Dog be DOT Petersen. Details on this show acts to my blog information about Latour dates and other events, and my list of recommending books can be found on my website. Jordan, petersen dot com, my online writing programmes designed to help people straight note. There passed on stand themselves in the present and diverse, a sophisticated vision and strategy for the future- can be found itself authoring, dot com that self authoring dot com from Westwood, one podcast network.