In a world full of smart devices should ensure printer, be smart too. It is with plus the printers know when they're running love, so you always get the ink. You need delivered right when you need it. Plus you save up to. Fifty per cent on ink, so you can print whatever you want as much as you want any time you want, that is pretty smart six months, free of instant ink when you choose HP, plus condition supply visit, hp, dot, slash smart for details in a word, full of smart devices, isn't it about time your printer about smart, too, now print. Is smart with HP, plus and HP, smart APP is how it all happens. You can print your phone with just a tap, no matter where you are even from your garage, slash home office, Slash yoga studio, then is smart, hp, plus more about smart printing at HP, dotcom, slash smart in a week,

full of smart devices. Isn't it about time your printer about smart, too, now print is smart with HP, plus and hp. Smart app is how it all happens. You can print your phone with just a tat, no matter where you are even from your garage slash home office, Slash yoga studio. Then he's smart hp plus more about smart printing at hp. Dad come smart welcome a few minutes to history, glass, a production of Iheart, radio, hello and welcome, but the podcast I'm Tracy. Well then, I'm Holly fry! Do you remember what we went to Paris? It feels like a million years ago. I remember, I think about it. Every day it was then twenty nineteen, I would say museum, marmots our money and have that names.

They have a lot of Monet. That's why we were there. My spouse is a big Monet fan and I've just really like the impressionist, so we decided to go to this museum Has the largest collect of Monet all in one place, which is thanks to Claude Monet, Son Michelle. two donated a lot of his father's artwork to the museum. While we were there, though, I really fell in love with the work of bared Maurizio. So I had seen a couple of Maurice those paintings reproduced in books, but, as is so often case that really just didn't compare to being there looking at it in person also an audio tour, to kind of draw my attention to things that I might not have noticed otherwise, bared Marie so primarily worked in oils and water colours and pastels and her favorite,

Jack's we're really the other women in her life often captured in these very, like tenderly private domestic moments. The paintings that were on display, while we were there included several that she had done of her daughter from her childhood inter adolescence, became really entranced with this idea that a woman whose focus was on painting things that are traditionally considered feminine, like she was right at the heart of the impression, is movement, etc. almost two years since I pulled anything off of my stuff from the Paris trip ideal list on the show. So I decided it was time time to go back to that list. Yea all things, Paris, all good by me, so burden three Pauline Marie so was born in boorish France on January fifteenth eighteen, forty one

sources you'll see say that she was descended from Rococo painter, John honestly, if I go now who died about thirty five years, She was born there artist, Is all we were the web but say he was her grandfather. That is definitely not the truth. They might. have been more distantly related, though, gets a little unclear. It was maybe even this like up family lore of. Ah, you swear related to him not clearly documents at anywhere He could have also been found family and they just called him her grant like there are so many options. Yeah yeah there. Also as there are some parallels between rococo artwork and more reserves. Artwork so

oh may have been seeing some commonalities there, but really know her. Mother, though, was Maria shows a feeling, cordially Toma, who was known as currently she was from a pretty affluent family and then birds, father, Ed made two bureau Murray, so who was known as to bureaus, picked up an independent income of about eight thousand francs a year through his marriage to her. This was a pretty good amount of money for comparison. The average worker made about three francs a day, so this family was living very comfortably. Most sources describe them as being very firmly in the upper middle class or the grand bourgeoisie. Tiberius did still work so he had studied. And architecture, and he had tried and failed to start an archive sure journal. In the years before his marriage, he became a civil war, and in his exact job and how high up that job was varied from one administration to another.

the children were young. The family moved from place to place as he was appointed to different posts, but he also something of a royalist which led to his resignation or to being dismissed at sea. points along the curve. As this job progressed, this included when King Louis Relieve was forced off the throne in eighteen, forty eight, when Napoleon the third came to power in eighteen, fifty one- and why Napoleon. The third nationalized property that had previously belonged the Royal House of Orleans after all that, in about one thousand, eight hundred and fifty two to be worse, move the family to Pasi? That's now part of Paris, but at the time it was more like a suburb and aside from travel and vacations things like that, then more of those lives in the Pasadena for most of the rest of their lives. They had to older sisters, Marie Elizabeth Eve, known as Eve Emory carefully. None is edmure their younger brother

two beers was born when bat was somewhere between the ages of four and seven his birth here not entirely clear, and we don't really have much information about the siblings young lives and what we do. have mostly comes from two bureaus who was interviewed by Baird's first biographers, but that didn't happen until he was in his sixties Guess who even knows how accurate a person's recollection of their sisters childhoods, where that far out the Maurizio sisters had a pretty conventional up and though they were raised by their mother and grandmother and governesses, including one english governess, who left bare it with a love of Shakespeare. They also take music lessons and in eighteen, Fifty seven currently decided to have them instructed in art. Their father had said that he wished his daughters knew how to draw so cordially thought she would get lessons for them and

Each of them make a drawing for him as a surprise, gift could lovely sentiments. I think it's very sweet, therefore teacher was Jeffrey on Financial can and their instruction with him doesn't seem to have. actually got very well. Started out teaching them cross hatching three times a week and for our sessions you ve ever done any Ross hatching you can see where this would not be the most delightful way to get a child interested in art. Someth tedious. To me it is a very dubious You ve found this so tedious that she gave up drawing to do needlework but bad Ned my became artistic partners for more than a decade hoarding one another and critiquing each other's work when they started there are lessons Barrett more in their late teens, and it just wasn't considered appropriate for them to be out alone, but if the two of them were together, that was less of an issue as long as they were somewhere that it was appropriate for young women to be at all.

They were really in agreement about where and how much they wanted to paint, and so the fact that they were both pursuing this made it much easier for the two of them to just paint whenever They wanted as much as they wanted. Their mother did accompany them. Sometimes, usually bringing along her sewing with her when she did, but like they had more options? They didn't have to book? oh there mom coming with them, so they could go somewhere in paint after becoming dissatisfied, wish O Cairns art classes and all of that cross hatching, which is an important skill. But that's a lot birds and admire, found a new teacher that was Joseph been while gives? Shall seems to recognise their potential and that they had a dedication beyond what was expected for middle class teenagers taking art lessons like taking classes in painting or drawing was not unusual, but their level of focus on. It really was, according to the

younger brother at one point gives showered said to their mother. Are you sure that you will never read the day when art having entered a once respectable, peaceful home becomes soul, master of your to children's destinies, but carnally, wasn't concerned about her daughters, painting becoming a problem. She wasn't? Yet what of the standard ways to study art at this point was to copy the work of the old masters and we shared registered the Maurizio sisters at the loop. So they could work their bare. It particularly focused on copy The work of tissue in an Peter Paul Rubens eventually bear to and admire told their mother. They wanted to study plan air painting that is painting outdoors rather than sketching an outdoor scene to paint in the studio by eighty Sixty two. They were studying with landscape painters, Jean Baptiste. Come you hello or when he was away, or he was too busy with his student Francois dunno, although this can

then you'd until about eighteen, sixty eight at some point they had a falling whether you do know the decent boots, are unknown but bears and advise letters to one another, make it clear that in the end, they both hated him and they found him ridiculous, and one thousand eight hundred and sixty four Barrett and Edna both had pieces accepted to the government, sponsored art exhibition known as the cell, and that was a critically important venue for artists to establish their reputations and to find buyers for their work. The sisters were listed, as students of we sure didn't know, and this was the first of several appearances at the salon for each of them. At my headpieces accepted every year, until one thousand eight hundred and sixty eight and their exhibited work there

times between one thousand eight hundred and sixty five and one thousand eight hundred and seventy three did Sheree at the salon, tended to be pretty conservative, though, and as her work got more experimental, less and less of it was accepted until none of her submitted pieces were accepted in eighteen. Seventy four The first time their work appeared at the seller. Bear it was twenty three and admire was twenty five and even The standard life path for women of their station was to marry and have children. Your parents were still quite supportive of their art in eighteen. Thirty, five, the Moorish so's had a stand alone, studio built at their posse home and they hosted dinners. Tuesday night, inviting painters, writers, musicians, basically making their home into a gathering place for creatives and intellectuals, but that in a team sixty seven Eve, the oldest of the more, is oh daughters.

married, and in one way this opened up some new opportunities for bear it and Edmund. While they can get away with painting together without another chaperone, they couldn't really travel on their own, so having a married older sister gave them a new potential chaperone and travelling companion. At the same time I am, though eaves marriage seems to have prompted Coralie to start worrying about win. Her younger daughters would find. Husbands of there own and whether their art was getting in the way of that in eighteen. Sixty eight, the Maurice I met a family, they would have a big effect on their lives and vice versa. We're gonna talk more. bout ban after a sponsor break. In a world full of smart devices should ensure printer, be smart too. It is with plus the printers know when they're running love. So you always get the ink. You need delivered right when you need it. Plus you save up to

fifty per cent on ink, so you can print whatever you want as much as you want any time you want. That is pretty smart. six months free of instant ink when you choose hp plus condition supply visit hp, dotcom, slash smart for details in a way full of smart devices should ensure printer, be smart too. It is with plus the printers know when they're running love, so you always get the ink. You need delivered right when you need it, plus you save up to fifty per cent on ink, so you can print whatever you want as much as you want any time you want, that is pretty smart, six months, free of instant ink when you choose HP, plus condition supply visit, hp, dotcom, slash smart for details in a week full of smart devices. Isn't it about time your printer about smart, too, now print is smart with HP, plus and hp, smart app, is how it all happens. You can print

your phone with just a tat, no matter where you are even from your garage slash home office, Slash yoga studio, then he's, smart HP, plus learn more about smart printing at HP, dotcom, slash, smart in eighteen. Sixty eight immersed I met the man named after bear. More is so met, Edward many while she was copying at the loop, but each of their reputations had per faded them. Many was already known as a controversial and sometimes really scandalous artist. He had shown his work at the seller. The refugees in eighteen, sixty three after the official cell on had rejected it and current boy, so also had a friend who had spent an evening at the many residents of than afterward had told her all about how her daughters are. Work had been a topic of conversation that night

many was married when he and bared first mad and their husbands. speculation that they may have had an affair, or at least that she was in love with him. She could We found him attractive and he painted at least fourteen pictures of her during his lifetime. But they're, really, Isn't any substantiation foreign affair it is this which many wrote to refund, Le too, in eighteen, sixty eight quote the young Maurice, girls. Are charming, it's annoying, that they are not men. However, as women they could serve the cause of painting by each marrying. A member of the French Academy and sewing this court in the camp of those daughters. I find that both hilarious and kind of insulting

well yucky, but also kind of funny, maybe not a thing. You would say about somebody you were having an affair with, but who knows regardless of that detail the manners and the Moorish those became friends they entertained. Each other regularly and may also made a lot of connections to other prominent people in Paris like Charles Boot, lair and amuse or laugh. Sometimes, Manet is described as influencing bears more reserve, but really each of them was influencing the other one, including her encouraging him to try painting on plan air. Each of them was really playing off of the other and developing their own artistic styles, which, for both of them, would be a big part of the foundation of the impressionist movement in eighteen. Sixty nine Edmund Maurice so married and maybe lieutenant named adult Pentium. Who was a long time friend of Edward my knees, and this had Atley

just as much of an impact on bear its life as the connection to manner had the year before and admire were each other's best friends and artistic partners, and they had really never been separated before they both missed one another terribly. Once this marriage took place, exchanging lots of sorrowful letters, although at Bastille painted from time to time her career as an artist, really ended when she got married, she wrote to her sister about being dissatisfied with what she tried to paint and also about just time kind of getting away from her, especially after she became a mother admire suggested that marriage might be challenging forbearance as well one point, bared wrote to her sister quote: men are inclined to believe that they fill all of one's life, but as for me, I think that, no matter how much affection one might feel for one's husband, it is not easy to break off a life of work

romance is all very well as long as there is something else besides it to fill ones days. At my encourage her to delay getting married telling her to quote you all your skill and all your charm to find something more satisfactory for you about three months after I got married Bert, went to visit her and stayed for part of this summer and MRS when she started painting pictures of her sister. Basically, every time the sisters visited what another Bert painted. It is possible that bared painted her sister before this point, but she later destroyed much of her work from before eighteen sixty nine. So if there are pictures that she may

four sister before this point they did not survive. Their mother, though, was becoming less supportive of bear its artistic career. She was starting to really fear that her youngest daughter was just never gonna get married, yet keeping in mind that at that point, that was really the only path to know you had like financial stability in life. For me, I'm in yet so it you know little different than the way people push people in a marriage today, but still probably annoying Herbert rate bared did not submit any work to the salon in eighteen, sixty mine, she had submitted every year since eighteen sixty four, although she did not doc her reasons anywhere. This exceptional year was probably a combination of her sisters, marriage, her spending some her time, modeling for Edwy, Manet and Alfred Stevens and some kind of it with one of her eyes she described

swelling and that she had to wear a bandage birth did submit to the seller again in eighteen, seventy and two of her paintings were accepted that year, both of them featured her sister at by one of them was the artist sister at a window, and the other was portrait of two women also called the mother and sister of the artist at my was pregnant with her first child in both of these paintings and that something is disguised a bit through huge she's wearing these flowing white dresses. If you know she's pregnant looking at it, you can kind of see that she looks of little pregnant. It's not as obvious as it might have been in another outfit or posture. Bared had asked at war many for some advice on the painting of her sister and mother and in response he had significantly retouched in repainted part of that painting, but or he submitted it to the Salaam more so had done.

this very light almost sketchy style that intentionally left parts of her pain. Looking almost unfinished and in my knees mine, he finished, for her in the process causing Maurice as mother to look different from the rest of the painting. More is so was just sick about this writing to her sister that only hope, for it was that it would be rejected. It was not tat. She was deeply upset. You can see pictures of this painting online and Her mother is noticeably different, even for someone who doesn't have a lot of formal training or any really formal training in art. Noticeable difference is.

and how her mother is painted, verses, her sister and the rest of the picture, the Franco Pressure WAR started in eighteen. Seventy and Paris was under siege from September nineteenth of eighteen, seventy two January of eighteen, seventy one, the Moorish. Those were affluence enough to be sheltered from some of the worst of this, but this was still a time of fear, danger and deprivation birds of the militia were quartered at the morgue, so home and Patsy Berets brother served in the military and was captured eventually escaping in the hold of a ship eve describe, bear it as being nervous and sad fainting and developing consumption during the war. Bear referred to it as a quick leaden nightmare when she could she painted mostly in water colours just so that she could have something to focus on by Jane

Mary of eighteen. Seventy one, all the more he so's had to eat were crackers and they ate only crackers four days. This deprivation seems to have negatively affected its health? She had recurring illnesses and it is not clear whether her digestion was affected or whether her eating became disordered after the war. Was over. Bear to her parents retreated to send your man. Outlay they narrowly avoided the violence and destruction that followed when adopt here, who was the head of the National Assembly dispatch troops to deal with the uprisings known as the Paris Commune brief This was an insurrection against the National Assembly and the decisions that it made following the Franco pressured war. There's a bit more about this whole period. In our recent episodes on the Dreyfuss affair, berets studio was destroyed during this wave of violence, along with

work that was in it at all. Here was a family friend of the moorish sows and bear its parents supported his decisions in dealing with the Paris commune. There was something that led to the deaths of at least twenty thousand provisions, Baird's specific appeal, It's about. This aren't really recorded anywhere aside from mentioning increasing disagreements with her parents, many of the artist she knew, including Manet, were relatively moderate, not support the commune arts, but also denouncing the government's response of the the communist generally tended to be working class p

ball. Some were also artists, but not generally people who were more affluent and so that their position and more of the upper middle class meant that a lot of the people that bear it was more directly connected with were opposed to what the government was doing, but also well really supporting the uprising itself that much after all of this was over there. In her sister eaves took a trip to Spain, there seems to have wanted a break from her parents, and maybe also from some of the other, more conservative people who were living in there, her head. She also started talking about really trying to make a living as a painter, and this is becoming a little more possible thanks to the existence of private dealers who were starting to sell more artwork outside of official, then use like the seller lorry so's. First.

Sales were through Paul D, home rule in eighteen. Seventy two he had developed a reputation for taking on more experimental, avant garde, work and successfully finding buyers shore it the term impact. Finished hadn't, yet been coined when Dhahran Rueda started buying the work of artists like there tomorrow, so loud Monet, Garda Guy and come you Pizarro, but today he's known for recognise using promoting and really financing the impressionist movement. Eighteen. Seventy four was the tumultuous ear and more as those life her father died on January. Twenty fourth of progressive heart condition, in addition to her grief, has passing raised financial issues for her and for the rest of the family bear it inherited. forty thousand francs. That was the substantial amount of money, but it also was not enough to just live off of for the rest of her life. Then April 15th, one thousand eight hundred and seventy four- was the opening of the first impressionist.

Exhibition. Although again the organizers didn't call themselves that they were anonymous society of painter, sculptors print makers, etc. There our work was so controversial that they tried to keep their names. At least some went out of the spotlight, but the name impressionist followed this exhibition, credit Llewelyn, higher rudders, scathing review and he picked up the name from one of monies exhibited works, titled, impression, sunrise most of the impressionist did not start using that name themselves until a few years later, some of them never ever did get some of them hated that name a whole lot more easily ten pieces in this exhibition, and she was the only woman whose art was included, but this really cemented her as one of these central artists in this movement, along with Claude Monet, at Garda Guy Pierre August Renoir commute Pizarro,

and Alfred Sicily. Although the exhibition was praised for its organisation, it was gender He panned by our critics and sometimes panda viciously. It was full of art that the French Academy would not have accepted for this, along which broke a lot of the formal conventions related to everything from painting technique to subject after many of the painters themselves were also just viewed as degenerate radicals and the cap off eighteen. Seventy four on December twenty seconds, bared Maurice, got married to use a man who was the brother of Edward many. She had known him since one thousand eight hundred and sixty eight her marriage certificate described her as having no profession. Sometimes people interpret that as a slight on her painting, but it was not really considered appropriate for a an upper middle class woman to have a profession of her husband was listed as a man of property.

which cracks me up a bit bear. It was thirty two that was really pretty old for someone's first marriage, and she also seems to have been really pragmatic about it. She described herself as getting married quote without the least pop and addressed in a hat like an old woman that I am, and without guests they did have both a civil and a religious service was how it typically worked at this point. Maria so had been raised Catholic, but she wasn't really observant anymore, but skipping

The church wedding entirely would have really upset her family even know. Bear its mother had been really eager for her to be married. Most of the family was somewhere on spectrum between ambivalent and disapproving when it came to her choice of husband belts, brother had described him as intelligent, but lazy criticising him for being in his thirty's, but still not seeming to know what he wanted to do with his life. Her mother had called him crazy and said that he had no common sense and she had criticised his republican politics during the Paris commune. They were also both fairly anxious people, anxious person. I understand how this could be challenging to have two anxious people and the relationship, but use aim like bear it sound like his brother, Edward was an artist. He understood and supported and promoted bear its work and he promoted her work rather than trying to build a professional career for himself. She continued to sign Aleph,

work bearing my so after getting married and we're gonna talk more about her life post marriage after we pause for a sponsor break in a world full of smart devices. Isn't it about time your printer about smart, too, now print is smart with HP plus and Hp, smart app is how it all happens. You can print your phone with just a tat, no matter where you are even from your garage, slash home office, Slash yoga studio, then he's smart HP plus learn more about smart printing at HP, dotcom, slash, smart I'm when you Karim and I'm a travel journalists with more than a hundred countries under my belt. I host about the journey an audio road trip around the: U S: gonna hafta grouse, like New York DC along the way, will find hidden spots and hear stories from the people who live there like Lindsey,

Amira will show us World Class birdwatching in New Jersey made ago search for about the journey in your podcast up. That's about the journey. This is from a host of the new pod cast light as a legal part of a hot radios. Michael tulip had cast network. You may know me as a radio hose or as the host of the recap analogy. We join me every Tuesday and Thursday, unlike as giving up, were attack all life from the perspective of someone who's, never quite fitting, culturally, like maze of letting us born in the states. I grew up with my autumn is it being question because I didn't speak perfect vanish while also and subconscious, because my friends back home would find me because I, how smell the little different or my dad had an accident. Each episode will break down different facets: life from personal growth to mental health, the dating and even current events that are affecting our culture and if you weren't you

its hide my voice this and have no fear, because I would bring it on different guess and even given you a chance to have your voice heard on every show, listen to the life as a green go pod cast on the irish radio Apple POD cast or wherever you get your pod cast the impression of movement in France, made it somewhat more possible for women to become publicly known as artists women works admitted to the prestigious echoed it was our But the impressionist were not following a lot of the artistic rules and conventions that that's cool was teaching. It wasn't considered appropriate for women to do nude figure studies, but again the impressionist were really focused on figure studies, any

lay in terms of subject matter. A lot of the impressionist focused on landscapes and on the everyday lives of the french Middle class. So women could paint or draw the world around them, rather than needing a studio to set up formal portraits are still life's to work from. It also wasn't considered appropriate for women to hire professional art models. since models were regarded almost to sex workers, but the impressionist focus on everyday life meant that women, artists could depict their friends and their families instead and bear Timorese SO's work fit right into this her favorite subjects, included her friends and family and the places they lived and travelled. She portrayed her subjects. in an intimate and tender way that was Simon. Obviously almost sketchy would very loose brushstrokes experiment with light and color in a way that kind of pushed the boundaries. All of that that, though, the perverse

of women in the movement, was a little complicated. Maurice, so was a central figure and the impression is from the very very beginning, but at first she was also the only woman later prominent women impressionist include Merrick FAT and Marie blackmail, but most of the well known figures in the movement were and continue to be men in general women. Faced criticism for publicly showing and selling their art, but the homer an impression ism shield them from some of the criticism of the movement itself in the lake Nineteenth century women in France were generally viewed as inferior to men and less capable of rational thought, so impressionist loose brush, work, fluidity and focus on since Isham, rather than composition was more acceptable for women. After all that was probably the best that she could do, but that was not the case for a man for her own part. More is so wrote this in her diary and eighty nine,

quote. I dont think there has ever been a man who treated a woman as an equal and that's all I would have asked for. I know I'm worth as much as they are although currently Maurice so I didn't love the idea of her daughter marrying asian many once the wedding was over. She got back to supporting, bear its artistic career as bared again did to being married. She stopped producing as many paintings of her sister admire and she painted husband, Eugene instead, they honey. and in England in eighteen. Seventy five that same year, the impression is held him art auction and, although some of Maurice those pieces sold for respectable amounts, the auction itself, was kind of a fiasco with the auctioneer having to call the police. because of unruly detractors, who disrupted the bidding and eighteen. Seventy six, the impressionist held their second exhibition critic Albert Wolf described more is so this way and his review of it

There is also a woman in the group, as in most notorious gangs, she's called bear more issue and is curious to note and her case of feminine graces maintained amid the outpouring of a delirious ma. and using considered a challenging him to a dual over this, but did not glad he didn't, but also what a jerk on December fifteen eighteen, seventy six cornelie Maurice so died too. years later in eighteen. Seventy eight bear tomorrow so gave birth to a daughter. Julie Bear was thirty seven at this point and had been trying to get pregnant sense. Marrying Eugene her recovery from giving birth was quite difficult, but she really loved her daughter and she had a wet nurse and other staff to take care of her. So she was still able to paint Julie became her favorite model. She was about one third of Morris's paintings after she was born. Morceau learned to paint very

quickly and her style became even sketch year, because her young daughter just didn't stay still for very long. Since she was still recovering from giving birth. Maurizio was unable to participate in the eighteen. Seventy impressionist exhibition was the only one that she didn't participate of the formal exhibitions that happened during these years, but that you're she did exchanged several letters with Mary Cassatt who first exhibited with the impressionist that one thousand eight hundred and seventy nine. That year after Morisot had started working again, Mary Cassatt wrote to her quote. I am so pleased that you have been working you're going to make a brilliant returned. The exhibition- and I assure you that I am really envious of your talent- cosette- also prepares that they each paint one another's portraits, but that never happened, by by eighteen. Eighty one more women had become associated with the impressionist move, men and women, and for

were generally trying to get more exposure as artists, the union of women, painters and sculptors was founded in eighteen. Eighty one to promote the work of women artists and to advocate women to be admitted to the echo the bizarre, although more resell was well esteem, wished as an artist and she resisted the constraints that were placed on women in french society. She didn't really participate in this movement for women's inclusion in recognition. In addition to the artwork that bear my so contributed to the impressionist movement, she and her husband bought the work of other artists from the movement and also financially contributed to it that included, paying the rent to rent the space for the eighteen. Eighty two impressionist exhibition merit couldn't personally its hand that year they had been away from Paris and Juliet become ill, so bird had stayed with her. Her husband shows which paintings for her to exhibit that year and water. Many many died on April thirtieth, eighteen, eighty, three,

he and more so had been influencing each other's work for about fifteen years and after his death Morey so start, to bring in more influences from the work of Pierre, a goose torn why this included visiting his studio in eighteen. Eighty six, an seeing his work as a draftsman. They discuss doing preparatory drawings in advance of painting, and this became a bigger part of Maurice those process. She would make sketches and studies ahead of time in something like red, chalk, charcoal or pass. El. Before then, moving on to paint on campus in eighteen, eighty nine morceau made multiple visits to the exposition universal. We talked about that and our episode on Gustave fell that same year. She organised a campaign to by Edward, manages Painting Olympia for the nation of France and eighty NBC visited the cold, a bizarre to view a collection of japanese prince that was there. This is something that miracle

that had invited and encourage her to do at some point around that time. More is so also traded, some of her paintings, foursome, japanese, prince and for a while. She, is that works pretty closely together on their artwork. I feel like a whole thing about the enter lay between japanese artwork and the impression is, like a whole other subject for shared outside the scope of this by gas. But I wanted to note it usually money had gotten sick in eighteen, eighty six and he never fully recovered. He died on April thirteenth, eighteen. Ninety two, before death, though he had negotiated Morris's first solo exhibition, which included forty of her paintings along with work on paper. This ambition was mostly but not entirely well reviewed and some of her pieces sold it good prices. More also said Mary facade never commented on this exhibition. It is not clear whether was a cause or an effect, but there

we should Gypsy was to become more contentious overtime. Yes, she was bothered by the fact that Mary Cosette never commented on this exhibition. way later after Birth Maurice had died. One of the things that I read was that Mary Cosette was giving some of her paintings to a museum and the ones that were selected. She was like a bird Mercer didn't like those. They seem to have gotten into some kind of like either adversarial our friend the kind of situation eventually, but I wish I knew more detail about more is, though, really grieved over her husband's death and after the exhibition was over, she actually moved into a smaller apartment. That was what was expected for a widow on June, eighth, eighteen, ninety three births, sister Eve, died and then in eighteen. Ninety five is really got the flu and bear took care of her eventually getting sick herself

in that developed into pneumonia and bear tomorrow so died on March. Second, eighteen. Ninety five at the age of fifty four she was bare with the many brothers in the family plot and had a gravestone that reads: bear so widow of Fusion Manet, like her marriage certificate, Pedestrian Civic said that she had no profession after Morris's death, Camille Pizarro wrote this to his son quote so in Paris because I want to attend the funeral of our old comrade bear more issue who died after an attack of influenza. You can hardly conceive how surprise. As we all were, and how moves to buy the disappearance of this distinguished woman, who had set a splendid, feminine talent and who brought honour to our impressionist group, which is vanishing like all things, poor, Madame Maurizio, the public hardly knows her bare to death. Her daughter, Julie and orphan at the age of sixteen Morey so had named. French symbol

poet. Stefan manner may as Julie's guardian burden. Stefan had been friends for years. Julie was looked after by her mothers, friends from the our world, particularly Renoir, and they got bird had taught Julie to paint as soon as she was old enough to start learning, although her work never really compared to her mothers,

Julie also kept a diary which she started when she was or team in which she continued through eighteen. Ninety nine. This period includes the Dreyfuss affair, which reached its peak after Morris's death. Every talked about in our recent to partner the affair really divided the impressionist with Renoir and dig out both being Anti Dreyfuss arts. So Julius Diary relates the anti semitic remarks of both Renoir and the guy. That really criticising them for it and then also reflects her own anti semitic attitudes where Barrett Maurice so might have fallen on. This is really clear. Her circle of close friends and colleagues included Draper Sarge and anti resides, but really was like from the guy on the virulently anti semitic, Anti Dreyfuss our side of the equation to meals, a lot. On the other hand, the whole spectrum,

I don't really know what her opinions would have been on that during Lifetime bears Murray, so produced more than eight hundred sixty paintings the year after her death why they got an Monet held. A memorial show that featured three hundred eighty of her works, that is, of work, but Although Julie and some Maurice, those other friends and relatives donated some pieces to museums, the vast majority of this work remained with private collectors. Many. They were part of her memorial exhibition have not been publicly shown since then, since Morris's work wasn't really. on public view very much after her death. Her name became less remembered as one of the central figures of the impressionist movement, instead of being really well known as such an important part of that movement. She instead became mostly known as Edward monies model amuse. This doesn't just mean that more is those own artwork was largely forgotten about

It also means that there wasn't as much of an examination of how her work influenced. The impression of movement is a whole specifically the work of other artists like they got Monet and Renoir, and vice versa, like I read multiple articles by art historian who were like we understand all this work less because we don't know enough about birth, Marceau that started to shift a little bit in one thousand nine hundred and five, when thirteen of her paintings were shown in London at a post, impressionist exhibition. Other exhibitions followed, but they've been relatively few and far between in the ninety ninety sum of Morris's descendants donated paintings to the museum, Mama Domo name now the museum moment, though, Monet has the largest collection of birth, Morris's our work in the world and includes ninety five oil paintings and seventy five water colours along with pastels and drawings, so it

recent years her work has become more visible and accessible. We will end with a quote from her daughters, Julie. You said quote every time I see a beautiful landscape. I Think to myself how well Mamma would have painted that. I find that very sweet to a very sweet listener. Mail. I do have listener mail, as is about something that came up in this episode. It's our two partner on the Dreyfuss affair. I've gotten a couple of notes about this, so I wanted to clarify this is from Michel, who wrote in an email Alfred, draperies and Zionism and she wrote Dear Holly and Tracy. I thoroughly enjoyed the two part episode on Alfred Dreyfuss growing up. We learned that the Dreyfuss affair was thus spark that led directly to the foundation of a state of Israel, a reporter in the crowd at the public, shaming of

this was to become known as the Father of Modern Zionism Theodore her so would go on to be a national hero in Israel and have many streets named in his honor Mount Hersel and is oil is a revered site which is home to his final resting place, political vein of them as well, different from traditional religious Zionism in that it is completely secular in nature. In fact, Hersel suggested Uganda as a new home for the Jews, since the Ottoman Empire at that time was not such a friend to the jewish people as political Zionism spread through Europe. It was exported to America through publications and strengthened with the emigration of many jewish people fleeing VI.

once and an increasing number of anti jewish laws. When the British took over the land of Israel, there had been a growing pressure from jewish communities worldwide to form a jewish state in the jewish indigenous homeland. A white paper in the british Parliament was issued, declaring just such an intention in nineteen, thirty nine or as the Balfour declaration, then, is a movement of Europe's sparked several waves of immigration over the century, resulting in a boom in the highly secular population in Israel. This has greatly influenced the country. To this day, I highly suggest Theodore Hersel as a follow up to the Dreyfuss episodes. Thank you for the great work that you do. Your podcast is continually on. My recommendations must keep up the good work. Michel Michel then followed with some notes about how to pronounce things than Hebrew, and I will just note that when we work on pronunciations for the show, I'm always findings native,

Speakers that I can hear say things because, when people kind of type out notes about how to pronounce things that often does not translate to successfully figuring out how to say no and anyway whom, whenever somebody tells me something rhymes with Sarah. I think about how my grandmother said that as Sarah, which totally changes He would say that word so anyway, we ve gotten several notes about about Hersel, advise them, and this idea that the Dreyfuss Affair directly led to this, and that is almost ubiquitous and popular writing about him. But there's actually some controversy about whether the Dreyfuss Affair directly led to his as iron is because he had witnessed and experienced Anti Semitism in Vienna, where he was from for his whole life before covering the Dreyfuss affair, has diaries at the time. Don't really meant

and his contemporaries described his Zionism as really stemming from has up bringing in Vienna, including people who were writing about his his life after he died in nineteen O. Four, though his own writing about the process of writing the jewish state, which became like a foundational text within the movement. didn't really mansion Dreyfuss at all. Until a lot later, his first dimensions that directly connected Dreyfuss to his Zionism were in a bubble haitian that he was writing for. U S, audiences, where there was huge support for Dreyfuss ever also there's some suggestion that he was kind of work and in the draft name to try to build support for it. Rather than that being like that, specifically the thing that led him to focus on sign ISM, most of the worst parts of the drink. This affair actually played out after he published the jewish state, which was again that that doc

Whether he write about it so tat, it was a little note on that for the folks. They have sent that Anna for facts that that were interested in that whole idea. If you would like to write to us about this or any other podcast we're at history, pocket that I heard radio dot com and we're Oliver Social media admits than histories. That's real find our facebook and twitter and contrasting Instagram you can subscribe to ours. Oh I'm I her radio or anywhere else about gas stop. You missed in history class, the production of Iheart radio for more plug gaps, My heart radio visit by her radio have added mankind's or wherever you listen to your favorite shows. hi, I'm only Karim and I'm a travel journalists, and I want to bring you on a road trip from New York DC I'll show. The stories that aren't in the traveller guides ready search for

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