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Seeing them see you now available wherever you get, my guests. Welcome to stuff you missed in history class from has worked up, alone walk into the broadcasts. I'm doing a truck, reporting and unfair it out and does not cast starts with a legend involving the first meeting of two men, James Murray, the primary editor of the first edition of the Oxford English dictionary and one of his most prolific Peters, I doctor, Debbie see Minor, so, unless you're really into dictionaries the scenario probably doesn't interest you right off the bat until you there's a bit of a mystery surrounding situated dont too. Now the podcast no stay with us for just a couple minutes so story. Goes. Marine miner had been working together for about twenty years, but they format. Miner had kept

It fully. Mailing Murray information on word, origins and means that he picked up just in the of his own reading and research that No Murray had invited him several times minor cap. Fusing to make the fifty mile trip from where he was living in the small english village of Crow Thorn to Oxford, where Murray's Canary headquarters were located so Murray mean he thinks there's a little strange, but he just thought minors away, little eccentric or something like a shot at or something According to this legend in eighteen, ninety seven Murray finally decided well if this guy's now come to me. I'm gonna go to him and work on it. Mary, was progressing well at this point, and people who had a hand in its creation were starting to receive honour, so Murray thought

to make sure doktor minor gets recognise too, though he doesn't spring a surprise. Visit on anything he telegraphs, doktor Minor and says he's planning on visiting on certain Wednesday in November, and that he'll be taking a train that should arrive at growth or station after two o clock, though doktor minor wires him a response and says basically, that's great I'll, be expecting you you'll, be well here, and it seems that these two guys are finally going to build a me. Everything seems fairly nor more and it really contain to seem that way. Even when Murray arrived on the appointed day, he shows up at the train station in there's a carriage waiting for him in it ushers him off to this huge brick mansion once he's inside, as fervent shows up in a tenth him to the grand study, where there's this very important. Looking man standing behind a desk and more

bow and announces himself to him. He says quote a very good afternoon to you, sir. I am Doktor James Murray of the London philological society and editor of the new english dictionary. It isn't. An honour and a pleasure to at long last make your acquaintance, for you must be kind, sir. Mister just help meet doktor them. See minor and there's five. An awkward pause at this point. One of those pauses where you feel like you can hear. Every sound in the room and then the man response quote. I regret kind, sir. I am not It is not at all, as you suppose I am in fact the superintendent. The broad, more criminal lunatic asylum. Doktor minor is most certainly here, but he's an inmate. He has been a patient here for more than twenty years, something like the beginning of a Wilkie Collins, novel almost and likely said,

The count, as originally reported in the strand magazine in eighteen fifteen is thought to be just a legend, but the two men who are involved in this circumstance surrounding them in the circumstances that would have put them in a situation like this were very real indeed, and we're going to do Closer look at the relationship between these two men that we ve talked about in part two of this pact, but first we want Look into the more pressing question at this anecdote raises, which is why most people tell it when they start talking about doktor minor, who won the doctors, have you see minor? What was he doing in a criminal lunatic asylum and how a crazy person essentially become such a major contributor to the highly respected Oxford English touching, the ultimate of methodical level, headed So you can imagine right, though this is gonna, be a tale of madness and murder and lexicographer, but there's

war in here too and, interestingly enough, this absence kind of ties in to our civil wars theories in a roundabout part, one of it at least but before we can get into any of that first, we need to start with the basics, who was doubly see minor, so William Trust. Her minor was born in June of eighteen, thirty, four and thirty one, which is now Sri Lanka, but he was. From a long line of Connecticut aristocrats. His parents were canaries, his father minor, was a devout congregational left in his mother Lucy. The two of them together just moved a salon the year before William was born. He also sister, whose name was also Lucy. Who was born a couple years after him, though? The first really traumatic event in William Minors? Life occurred when he was very, very young. Just after his third birthday, his

other died of consumption and his father re married to another missionary named Judith Taylor a few years later and started a second family with her, but according to a BBC article on minor, he with a kind of trouble childhood almost in was especially tormented during his boyhood, with which she, these thoughts about local girl and which doesnt seem that odd for a young boy right, especially in his preteen years, that it's a point that may have against later, when we start talking about his insanity and how it manifested itself so just kind of keep that in the back, your brain for now fourteen minors dad had himself actor Connecticut, and he sailed back to you in the United States by himself, and then he moved in with Uncle Alfred, who was a store owner and New Haven with a century of professional flooring, experience boat, Clean means. One big, spilled snow. Big deal so

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And about ten years after that minor started school at year, where he specialise in comparative anatomy and early medical degree in February of eighteen sixty three. There is also a kind of an interesting side, no about his time at Yeldo, especially considering his later involvement with the Oxford English dictionary according an article by Joshua Candle in the nation in eighteen, sixty wine, when minor, was a first year, medical student at Yale. He find a contract to write definitions for a new edition of no Webster's Dictionary and american dictionary of the english language, and the agreement was that he be paid five hundred dollars to quote, prepare the articles in the following departments: zoology, natural history, geology, mineralogy, botany, chemistry, Natalie surgery of all sorts someplace monumental undertaking, especially for a first year medical student, is

Parliament after you have another failure. I would think so, but minor guy his job because James Dana, who is that professor at Yale and was originally supposed to write these elections or these sections of the new dictionary had to lighten up his workload of it because he was experiencing a bout of depression so Dana's. Today, said kind of randomly theme. A first year makes tint minor to stand in for him and cover the factions and Dana being more experience with still supervisor at least review. The completed work Currently, though, he didn't to supervise and that closely, because, according to Kendall's article, the sex minor, worked on contained. Many inaccuracies and inconsistency is his work. Was public We criticised, which must have been modified.

For a young man student, especially by Samuel Scheme, and how the men of Delaware College you later became. One of the first president of the American Philological Association. He later wrote that quote excepting Professor Dana's part. The natural history is the quote: weakest part of the book yeah totally regardless miner had his first experience working on a dictionary under his belt. His name was in that eighteen sixty four additional Webster's and of course, we also had his medical degree to, and so after graduating from Yale Liner joined the union army in his first posting without the night Hospital in New Haven Connecticut, and he was based we still training there still getting is his experience as a doctor, but the civil war was going on for a few months to a year. After entering this first posting, he ended up on the bow fried in Virginia, where he served as an assistant virgin no more

Was it really the best? I have told you you could imagine he wasn't exactly cut out for the horrors of war. Most people describe him as being pretty sensitive refined. He liked to read he enjoyed painting water colours, he played the flute and though it's really unfortunate that considering the ban he ended up in. Yet he ended up at the battle of the wilderness, which is described as a particularly bloody and horrific that'll. I've seen it described as a slaughterhouse the battle fifth hours that it left twenty five thousand dad or wounded its when general grants. Men crossed the rapid and river and apparently the right, a fire was so thick. It not only killed people but could cut off trees. So started a fire and underbrush so that not only were men being killed and wounded by gunfire, they were also being burned to death. One soldier

later that it was like quote hell, had itself usurped the place of earth, and the key thing here, as it relates to minor, though, is that a lot of the people participating in this battle were Irishman, had come over to America to escape the famine and make a little money while they were added, and these guys were able to get work as soldiers in the Union Army for thirteen dollars a month. But of course, during a war, and especially a situation like the bow, the wilderness, where trees are being shot down by rifle fire. You're gonna have a lot of people who just figure thirteen dollars a month is not worth death and dessert. So around this time, the union he had a lot of people who were guilty of desertion or attempted desertion, but because they still needed soldiers they.

Figure out a way to dissuade others from diverting punish those who did without taking the standard of punishment, which is execution. They needed the soldiers to keep on fighting room. There were a few possible solution. Some guys were suspended by their thumbs, others were gagged with bayonets, and others were branded with the letter d on their cheeks or their cheek. Rather, their choice, or their rear end with a hot iron, or they can avert tattooed almost cut with a razor, and then the wound would be packed with black powder. Another form of ultimately, we have wondered. How did the smartest marketers cut through the noise? I'm

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So on one occasion, or at least worse only refer to one specific occasion, minor was to brand in irish deserter who tried to run away from the battle of the wilderness. So you Imagine what this must have been like for minor. He was the young inexperience doktor being asked to perform this horrible task, Can you know an Irishman was probably brought to him crying struggling pleading and nor has to take the hot branding iron and put it to the deserted cheek and watch him, probably scream and pain here. So most Thursdays weight to this as a defining moment for minor thing that it played a really big role.

Some of the strange unusual things that started to happen in his life, not too long after his worth their Beth, but after the war minor, continue to serve in the army for several years. He did pretty well for for himself. Actually, he rose through the ranks eventually becoming a commission to captain, but during that time his behaviour also started to become increasingly strange when he was stationed on governors Island in New York, he started visiting brothels lie and after that, he was transferred to Florida where his behaviour, sir, getting even more and more erratic and paranoid, and sometimes even violet, and he began to think that his superiors were plotting, something against him so by eighteen, sixty eight. It was pretty clear that minors mind was not well an army. Doctors died as having a or an obsession with one subject which gives rise to delusions. They also but he was suicidal and homicidal so minor ones

The government hospital for the insane in Washington DC, which later became the Saint Elizabeth Hospital, and he action. Volunteered for this. He volunteered to go, and then, after eight, months and that facility doctors decided that minor was quote incapacitated by causes arising in the line of duty, so he was basically forced to retire from the army, but he did in a lifetime Army commission, so he was gonna, be taken care of financially yes, so after being released from the army, Minor returned to Connecticut and spend a little bit of time with his family, but his family soon decided that England was the place for him to be because they were really hoping that maybe if he went there, minor could settle down a little bed. Maybe start painting again meet up with some talented people start to earn his reputation back, so they packed them off with his paint and a letter of introduction to the art critic and drawing Master John Ruskin, hoping that Ruskin with beef.

Sort of entre to English society for Myers somebody to energies into two people who could help him start recovering but for reasons that are still unclear, minor didn't seem to even try to blend in two respectable society. When you go to England at the end of eighteen, seventy one here in the land but section of London, one of the lowest it is too must crime ridden parts of the city. Some people think he might have moved there he had easier access to prostitutes from this area, but we're not sure so we don't know much about his time there, but it seems that his delusions just continue to get worse. He thought people Irishman, particular we're trying to break into his room at night,

seems like that vision of the branded Irishman has experience with that was kind of coming back to haunt him at this point. In fact, according to an account kept by the Berkshire record Office, minor Mayer report to Scotland Yard shortly before Christmas, saying that he thought men were trying to force their way into his room at night to poison em. He believed these men to be Irish and Scotland Yard is dismissed him as a crazy man didn't follow upon it. Didn't do anything about it, then. On February, seventeenth, eighteen, seventy two constable was patrolling the Lambeth area and heard several shots rang out at about two. I am. He writes, often the direction the shots came from blowing his whistle on the way to alert other constables in that area too, to come in and support him, and who should he find holding the gun but William Chester

cleaner. Yes, miner had shot and killed a man named George Merit. A working man who is innocently on his way to work at a brewery who miner had never met So we're going to leave you with that cliffhanger. For this part, one of the I'm just a minor pied cast Next time we're gonna talk a little bit about the motive behind minors, crime, his trial and where he ends up after that, as his illness continues to progressed and, of course, how he gets involved in the creation of a first Oxford English dictionary, the case because of course, he forgotten. This is a story about that to the dictionary podcast, I'm sure we will have a kind of forgotten they now infinity and murder and civil war. Action going on and you thought dictionary had to be boring. None at all, though I guess that is a good time to transition to a little listener mail. It is we have

I hear from Lindsey Intensity and I wanted to read this because it relates to the theme of civil war doctors very much. Yes, she says high Syringa Billina. I know you enjoy hearing what listeners are doing while they listen to the pod Castro. I thought I'd share. What I was doing. I listened to your pipe cast on Doktor Maguire and Stonewall Jackson Strangely enough, I was listening to the pipe caslon cataloguing. A book of civil war, songs called singing soldiers spirit at the sixties and history of the civil war in on one of the sun. Book entitled stone walls, requiem which, as you can imagine, was written in eighteen, sixty three about Stonewall, Jackson staff. I share the lyrics with you- and there are a lot of lyrics here- I'm not going to read them all, but I'll. Just read the first went out says the muffled drums beating theirs, and solemn tread our banners. Raped and morning, as it shrouds the illustrious dad proud forms with sorrow and all southern hearts or sore.

Euro now sleeping, noble, stone long is no more so that was actually the first two persons that thank you He for sending that- and that is quite a coincidence, that you were cataloguing now with eyes, left eye glasses and the others are always fun. So if you have any of those who want to share with us, please write us where history, podcast hast affords dot com where you can look at on Facebook or we're on twitter, illness, history, and if you to shut up Figure out where this podcast part one is going for even here part two, you can check out an article we have on our website called what makes the killer find it by king, for what makes the killer W W Debbie TAT House upward Dotcom, restore to check out our new video podcast stuff from the future joint house to

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