This episode brought to you by Office Depot Office Depot has supplies and services for businesses of any size, and they have a wide range of services that can provide twenty four seven tech support print your marketing materials and even help you design your office with variety of furniture solutions. They also have all of the supplies your office needs from ink and paper to cleaning and break room supplies? I'll tell you one thing that I never want to have to mess with again is figuring out. What donor or in cartridges. My particular brand of printer needs office depot. Has you cover whether you're running a home office like I do or work in a larger corporate setting? They have you cover office depots, ready to help your business with knowledgeable associates and over thirteen

its doors or online and honesty, boat outcome yard were jobs, more fun and will, if they are, then I was assigned to the doors here, would Michelob Walter, I'm looking for anyone and everyone who makes working out a blast. That's you! It's a team altered outcome for transport, awesome perks like team altogether and more that's team ultra dot com to enter nobody's nursery, opening its residents twenty one plus, if it'll routine altered, I can listen to daily life insurance. Possibly atypical abortion like using was mosaic welcome to stuff you missed in history class from house works, dot com

Welcome to the pond cast I'm kidding, and I'm thirty and one of our absolute favorite targets was what happened. Hunters children. We chose it because we really likelier Petra, Andrew Bitter and Juba to these are our favorite historical personage. But we also shows that, because we were to learn more about Cleopatra is personal life and that of her children, but consequently learned a little bit about her struggle against Rome too, and she is not the only woman who stood up to Rome, another woman who has as a subject for today's podcast and I'll. Let really and give introduction with this quote, how owes a has thou dared to insult roman emperors how indeed so little about who she was. She was a third century queen upon me, which today is Syria and she

Warrior queen she conquered again and again until she came up against or really, and she also styled herself like Cleopatra who she viewed. Someone as a role model and did a lot of building on legend in her own time. They're all these stories about her. You know about her being this gorgeous woman with her dark brown scan and her pearly white teeth, but she was someone who could drink with the boys and also used sex as a weapon within the bounds of her marriage, for, of course, this kind, woman gets written about the cartwheel and Chaucer right about her Chaucer mentioned in the monks tail so a little bit about who she is. As you know, has two names and Latin Septimius xenophobia and aromatic it's about a she was but she may also have been era. Men and some have said she was Joe because she treated the juice of Alexandria well, but other historians and made a point like Antonia Frazier, that that says a lot about Jews in history and their persecution. If you see him,

just because someone was ninety driver behaviour. They must part of that group felt nobody is mother, may have been a gypsy and her father was definitely a wealthy educated arab merchant aristocrat, and we ve mentioned Cleopatra times now then I'll, be a wanted to be like Cleopatra she's, her role model. She says, she's descended from her by Juba too. Of course she Pelias it, but she still just visas on this potential answer to align herself with, unless it can put herself in that, more all interested Cleopatra tries to align herself with ices. The goddess ISIS xenophobia has this more modern version So we should talk a little bit more about Palmyra and what this kingdom is that she has its also invites more ancient name, Todd more this city and then the third son We see as when it became important and that because of the city's location in relation to trade, between the

The training and the Euphrates on an oasis through is linked by caravan routes. The measure in Damascus. So really King Mesopotamia to the east here and, as far as trade goes, is a good place to be camel. Another topic authority has been of our bringing in silken jade from China, spices, an avenue you're coming from India, and these wealthy merchant aristocrats who live there are often times patrons the art Well, in eighty one, fourteen Palmyra is technically part of the roman empire, but Adrian gave them a lot of freedom, even let them lovey their own municipal taxes, which was a big deal and where is valuable to the roman empire, because it connects them to the east and also because of their military power. The palmiry and archers were considered pretty amazing and the Romans were hoping to use them against the parthians

Philip Palm. You eventually becomes a colony city. They get up even better deal than they have and again more freedom from Rome and Rome puts. The Novia has then are now or Odin Office, maybe in charge, and there too busy dealing with the gas the roman empire. Betty Frank said: they want someone else he's watching over the eastern part of the terrain for them, while they are fighting battles on their other borders and Odin Office does the higher service. The emperor valerian has then defeated, captured and killed in a gory way by King supporter of Persia from say he was forced to swallow. Molten gold and it looks like persia- is going to take over these eastern provinces, but

ass manages to repel them. However, he is assessing aided in two sixty six or to sixty seven, as is his air from his first marriage who killed. Thousands are big question here: the skies at the height of his glory, and he's assassinated. There is good reason to believe it could have been a Nokia because next, in line for the frown as her kid Apple Office, Athena Doris, I'm sorry if I mispronouncing out, which is entirely likely. And then she would be regent for him, or it could also have been the Romans who may not have been happy with this self styled king taking over large parts of our important, whose getting quite proud of him of two says: an becomes region and immediately attacks. Egypt, Rome is busy again fighting the Goths, an to sixty nine. Conquered most of Egypt and the next most of Syria and bite seventy she's into Asia Minor. So Palmyra now goes from Egypt, the Bosphorus, including Syria,

obtaining Palestine, Northern Arabia, Egypt and a big part of Asia Minor who she's controlling this huge amount of territory and all of the trade routes that go through, which is the really crucial thing here Rome totally depends on Egypt for corn. So if you have we'll be shutting you out of Egypt you're in a mass of trouble, so this is bad news for Rome But again there dealing with other things and other France. They don't have the time the energy to devote xenophobia until she. Where's that she is independent from Rome, she's no longer part of their empire and untrue. Seventy one she has money made with her and her sons, image, which is basically just a declaration of war, reminds me again of Cleopatra too. Oh exactly so the poverty and go to the oracles to find out about the future of their empire, and it does go well to say the very least. The Oracle Apollos Harper Tony tells them

Inquiries basically insult and the Oracle it Venus off a site, us won't even take their offering it didn't you set, it flew yet so bad bad omen for the poor Marines reminded us of the spectres it when timely ragout. Whenever ghostly spectres happen, it's just spent, but rarely as a new emperor and two seventy or really in, and he is tired of xenophobia, shenanigans and marches to Asia Minor. So the pole, Marines faith we outside of Antioch and the had this awesome line of archers with it I will read behind it and then the infantry behind that the cavalry had a bad habit of getting overzealous and losing touch with what else was going on to engineer phrases in the rural areas. Will yes, and so they get tricky and they pretend to retreat hoping that the calorie will follow them, which they do and they then have,

cavalry and the writers running around in the desert until they get tired, at which point based around them and kill them all, so the nobody is obviously in trouble. At this point, she had told me that she has really and in pursuit of her and each side, has about seventy thousand men, which is a truly large number. And they catch up with her and the Romans when they were simply the better army. There are dead men and horses, no littering the countryside and xenophobia fleas again she back to Palmyra, which is about a hundred miles from where they are she's, probably hoping the distance and the terrain, and the heat are going to keep orwellian from getting to her. But he makes it and then she stuck she's this isolated area she's got nowhere else to go and he sets up a blockade and famine sex and pretty soon and the two right.

Each other's than obiang earlier in, and he tells her to surrender and offers a pretty good terms. But she refuses the loudly in defiantly. She will not surrender to the emperor and she leaves the city, the naughty interpretation of it is that she was just trying to escape and she was leaving her people to their fate. But some people say she was going to try to get help from Persia against a really an either way. She's caught at their Euphrates and she's brought to Emesa Palmyra falls and now she has to deal with a real. So early in is not happy that all this trouble happened over a woman, and he gets all these speeches basically trying to justify, I, a woman, a you, nothing well she's a woman, but really have a lot of the qualities of a man. Just China make him,

look better a little. But then she goes back with a classic trick of saying. Well, I'm just a week woman and it was and who tricked me- and you know this was none of my own doing. I didn't even write that defiant letter was the scholar instead with poor scholars executed and she plays her cards well, she is taken as a captive to Rome and this giant raid that are really and sets up. In addition to having xenophobia wearing tons of jewels pounds at them in gold shackles, the triumph author features, elephants and joy, Ass, an gladiators and ambassadors captives wearing placards. So I really liked that detail. They ve got people all sorts of captives that are really gotten, even though, in essence, as captain remember one that they are signs around their neck, saying like Amazon or something except for xenophobia who doesn't need them with the pounds of jewels like it in exotic

actual history triumphantly wish I'd been there, but she goes off to leave the rest of her life rather quietly. She married a roman senator and went to live in a village in the countryside, and nuts pretty much the end of what you hear about xenophobia, for this, so closely on. That of Cleopatra is willing to give it up. In the end, ends with a bad guy, but at eight find it so interesting that somebody who is modeled her life so closely on out of Cleopatra, is willing to give it up in the end and admit her defeat. I gas and other end same thing about xenophobia, verses, other warrior, queens throughout story like Buddha. Again, I'm going to engineer. Frazier spoke Warrior queens as that her military pursuits work writing wrongs or any sort of fewer moral know, they were

fleetly about ambition, pure burning ambition, and you know, then she ends up in her little avail in the countryside and thus accomplishing what all in and that fits into this legend, building that we were talking about earlier that surrounds her. This ambition to not only conquer territories that build herself up into this. Consequently, mythical personage he's done such a good job at her own legend building that she seems kind of far more. She seems like the perfect character for

like a maid for tv movie, earthen pot brings us to listener mail and today, with near Mount a little bit different, we're not going to give you any ones need, but we had a listener right who s, and he said, please believe in camps, no more women's history and we're sorry to say that that's not going to happen nodded. I think, when a lot of people think of women's history, they think of a gene, asked a novel, come to life people sitting in sitting rooms and talking about manners things- and we don't want to discount those stories, because those stories are important, well can we would love to talk about someone like Jane Austen? We do we haven't you master, but there are also all other stories that don't get covered as often and things that you do miss in history, legs and obiang, who I certainly never encountered before today, someone who was working very much

and a male sphere. So, since we're not will to discount fifty one percent of history. You should send us your favorite women, straight, I beg for any history because it always open to IRAN to through package has the words and, if you like, to follow up on Twitter, where at least in history- and if you don't like to learn more about women in history, you should check out our website at W W W that how stuff works that counts for more openness and thousands of other topics. Visit Housetop works that cars and be sure to check out the step. He, MR history, glass blood on the house to approach that can this episode has been brought to you by the completely redesigned,

twenty twenty four explorer. You may want to explore the world around you, and this is a great vehicle to do it in theirs territory to be found everywhere. Even in your hometown, and sometimes I just means handling the day to day tasks that you all. Have to do. But now you can do it with absolute certainty. You won't feel like you're held back in any way by the vehicle you're driving. You can navigate complicated interstates. You can make successful grocery store trips. You got the car

space to him. Almost anything, you need the all new twenty twenty four explorer, the greatest exploration vehicle of all time we are going to ITALY. After the success of last year's trips of Paris. We are planning another similar trip still with defined destinations this time to Rome and Florence. Yet we are going to spend a week exploring some amazing things were going to have city tours of both roman Florence. We're gonna, see the Roman Colosseum, the Vatican Museum in the Sistine Chapel Saint Petersburg, silica Vatican City. This is just a tiny fraction of all the stuff we're gonna get to do get its May fourteen to twenty first twenty twenty and to get more information, go to define, destinations, dot, com and scroll down to the roman foreign strip, with stuffy, missed in history class