Audible sponsor of the audible audio pioneer awarded this year's Iheart Radio podcast words is the best way to stay informed, inspired and entertained. Discover the world's largest selection of audio titles anytime anywhere with the audible at whether you want to tackle a new skill focus on your healthy itself, We're discover new releases, there's no better placed to listen. Inaudible start your free thirty day, audible trial. Today in your first audio book, is on us visit, audible, dot com. Slash asked why S k or text as Y S K to five hundred Welcome to study should know how stuff works. That are you look into the park. Yes, I'm Joshua Clerk, there's Charles Brian Jerome rolling of all first names for this episode. That's right! I'm calling Jerry Jerome, yet the windows,

If it is one of my favorite nothing's, zero Mina yeah chairs colored years a lot, you can hear what I typically different names is take the last name and have it and Adam S. If its workable, like christening Congress Coms, ok, restricts for strictly I just come struck yet strictest get you but Jim roles. Rowels role at this early work chairs is good and that's called the nickname show here man. I was listening to you. I can't remember what I said it was well. This is almost not worth mentioning anyway, we are being very silly. I really, I guess it was currency. It was a very silly episode, but we did for not going to take it seriously. It didn't matter how much anybody

it is too well ask, as we had a tank of laughing guess here and there I thought I was there. I gotcha search shock. I have a question for you. Ok, have you ever been to see? What's on the MAX one crews, this first another Reuben out to sea like legit out to sea, yeah man, it's a weird sensation. Her light is different than I, owing, especially when you can see. You know how deep it is lay on the tv so, whatever the day, how deep here you're at any time,

He just think. Like all my card, there take three thousand feet of water beneath me and nothing around me. Yet it is little creepy. It is, but it's a neat sensation to agreed. Well, I take it from the fact that you didn't mention it, because I would think that you have mentioned an unsolicited e. You didn't encounter a rogue wave now how a dimension that we think it was very calm. Seas, of course, didn't even get seasick, oh yeah. I had to have to tell everybody this. So we. Finally things called see. Man did you users. I took one, but I didn't need it. We were almost all the time and I have to say- and I, when I didn't have it on, I could tell I feel so. Hot put it on like five minutes late totally normal. It was amazing.

I didn't have any seasickness there was the occasional like the boat would move a little. I believe how many drinks, if I had, then I remember: oh, I'm not in a hotel him in a floating hotel because they had a talent drinks, yet exactly Neuro waves, a narrow ways for us either because the rare know about that pretty rare. I guess if you compare it to the normal number waves, the other rare it's what you have to compare to write, but there are a lot less rare than then scientists thought they were even just a couple of decades ago industry so when we, Rogue Wade's, depending on where you live in the world. You might say what is a rogue wave

I've ever heard of his a freak wave or if you live in another part of the world, you might have heard them called killer waves. There are the same, or if your fan of the band rogue wave me, he might just think it's music. You could that's pleasing to your ear right. That's our talk about this time. Not just want to get a shot out to the roadway

I was very pleased to have an illicit while others gas. There were great documentary on actually thereby drummer almost died from a bad kidney were PBS through this really get documentary on. You know how it like a guy in a small. Any ban gets a new kidney and affords no getting really great scope. My aching kid me now and inaccurate member what I was called now sought a few years ago, but their great my left, kidney Zack Rogue is the name of the league. I explained the dancing exactly and I think it is right for me. I had a fifty fifty shot, the other, what you're on so we throw graves, not ban factual wave. Yes, there is, I guess, just to define it very briefly. A rogue wave is a huge colossal wave that is

in most definitions, twice the size of the next tallest Wavin given area yeah, that's like basically described as a wall of water, because, if you're out in the open ocean, like you, you normally encountering swells like the the waves, a rounded so both condition float up and down on, even if they are huge yeah. Well, you gotta know you're doing you know in those gonna ways, yet a drive into it. The steer into it the right way and write a right, but if your ship captain sure you know if you do not at her with a rogue wave you're in trouble, because it is again it's like a wall wars with much steeper yeah much flatter, and when it encounters a boat, it doesn't go under the boat. It goes over the boat. It breaks on top of the incandescent serious damage, because these things are enormous yet and the key to being a rogue wave.

That right there in the name it's rogue it is. It is even if there's a bad storm. It is not like the other waves, your account and they come out of seemingly come out of nowhere, that, which is why they ve never been able to two photographs. Them from beginning to end because they, you can't predict him. It's not like rogue wave come in, they just happen and all of a sudden you're like oh crap right. Let me get this boat steer directly and hope it doesn't break my ship and have rain in, like you qualified it, nobody has a photograph of forming or video of forming like there are a few furrows here there and I think there are some documentary evidence from like come. One of those discovery shows yet there was one on deadliest sketch out. I think

never scientifically recorded like from beginning to end right exactly so. No one knows well where they come from, like you say, there's some pretty cool theories, but I think I can differentiate him because people are saying at this point one well, dummies, underwear, earthquakes, cause roadways, Pham done it's right. Ok, what about glacial calving! You drop a huge peace. A glacier into the water creates a giant wave roadway our right. What about coasts, landslides? There was the problem. Well, those my friend thank you for playing along, and I also again those all. Can huge waves and some people might say well the rogue, but the really not

with their Rogan that their yet the way that much bigger than all the other way around it they're not robe, because we know where they came from exactly we noted their parents are with a rogue wave again it is. Can it comes out of nowhere like you said it can be even in a storm there, much bigger than the other huge wave, but they can also just feeling. Miss wave in totally calm seas, which makes it extremely mysterious. Yeah and depends on who you ask: there's no strict definition of how much larger has to be. I've, seen everything from thirty three percent to three times as big as the excise waves. So there isn't, like you, know, of rank and file definition of how big it needs to be, but they ve chartered some the charted some big in February two thousand. This is what I found is the largest ever recorded wave by science. It was off the coast of Scotland, the recorded at ninety five feet. It was a british,

research vessel while and that was using scientific instrumentation, but there are tons anecdotal stories right, in fact the if you're a sea man Then you are, you probably have wanted. Our own referred, a million of them in a sailors, are renowned for their stories, but rug waves really kind of like they. They there. The big bang stories you now yet it's kind of them. You know a lot of people said. Other such thing is navy strength. Genes. Are you sure you know what you're talking about we want to. I was shepherd, come limping back into port and you know it's radar antenna would be snapped off even those like ninety feet above water here, and they would say it was a wave and the captain would be known. Sober teetotaler, Who had no reason to lie and they would say? Ok, maybe there is such a thing is roadways, but it wasn't until ninety. Ninety five at the first one was recorded site.

Typically a dry, and you know it was talk about that ratification. Pillows that you shouldn't nurse. Do you want a new year's resolution? That's easy to keep yes resolve to help put. To your identity and personal info with lifelike identity theft, protection, lifelong alert. You to potential threats to or identity, and they see more than what you can see by just monitoring your own credit like your info on the dark web and that's a big deal yeah, and if you the problem? Lifelike? U S, based restoration specialists, no, the steps it take to help resolve your case after all,

one in five identity theft, victims who had accounts open in their names discovered their theft through bank or credit card company, and, of course no one can prevent all identity theft or monitor all transactions at all businesses, but lifelike is the new year's resolution does not only easy to keep it'll help. You protect what you ve worked so hard for get lifelike for up to twenty five percent off your first year, gonna lifelike, dot, com, slash stuff, that's lifelike, dot, com slashed stuff for up to twenty five percent off. Rogue waves were considered. Sailors lowers far as science went until one science, nine, until nineteen eighty five new year's day off the coast of Norway. I believe there is an oil platform called the drop nor platform. And it has happened to be recording waves that day and it was recording.

There were about sixteen to twenty three feet high, that five seven meters year show me like that's pretty respectable fiercer for you, I wanna get out on that area, but then the sudden one passed by and just one that was sixty six feet tall and it was out of nowhere, and there is nothing else they came after it and there is nothing before and they figured out that they just recorded the first row wave ever captured by Science Kerr racy. It is pretty crazy, but this is kind of them coming after things like we said, like anecdotal evidence like there is one point. The key. We too, I believe, the captain, I'm not sure what year was, but the captain described all of a sudden. This rogue wave comes out, and he said it was. It looked as though the ship was heading straight for the wife White Cliffs of Dover, which has to become a scary yeah, I'm added so the the Queen Elizabeth One

as well. The arm ass, Queen Elizabeth, more specifically, was in world war. To the great ghost was converted,

a to a military shifted, carry troops basically there and could carry up to sixteen thousand men, which is staggering it at thirty, nine, which is very handy, but I'm a rogue wave struck that ship near Greenland, a nineteen forty, two and supposedly shattered windows- ninety feet above the waterline, but she survive, because I saw TAT power play on that ship about those the shipper yeah. That was it's been docked in long beach since the sixties and I went to the Ultimate party festival there by the water- and it was mainly like the big stage, but they had a second stage set up on the Queen Elizabeth, a court which is really neat and am. I walked in and took her power play for twenty minutes. Before I went back to the main stage. You know I didn't. Even you motor heads has accrues going on really coming soon. I think this month is a tumbler, while that would be pretty awesome. That would be awesome. The key

is you can state it's like a hotel now yeah? She can stay there and eat there and she kept power there. That's also haunted, I'm sure. Well, her performance was hunting, so there was a m there. There's all the sailors cutbacks in this way, crazy and everybody say no you're, the one who's crazy, but then, after that, ninety ninety five capture, nursing, okay, there is such a thing, is row waves and then, at least for some reason, the Ninetys were like a huge boom fur capturing railways, improving that there were not only did they exist that there is a lot more of them than they used to think. I think people trying or yeah just like a recording the more and then they said. Okay, we we understand that there is regret, but we have no idea how they formed, and so they started really kind of looking into what counts.

Is a rogue wave here and now, if you guys have to listen to our surfing episode, which is pretty good Zeit, but we go into the physics of a wave. In the highlights that are this looking at a wave, the crest? As you know, it is the highest portion. The trough is the lowest portion, it's the the dip in the twin, the waves. You have the ways height, which is the distance between the trough in the crest, the distance between Ask themselves, is the length of the wave and then the wave period or wave speed the amount of time between one crest and the next, then, what's the last one, there wave energy yeah, that's the kinetic and potential energy carried by the wave yes and that a source from someone in bright idea in the vision not sent me through. So you got

What you described is away like. If you have all of this information you can mathematically describe any kind of wave and it's not just some ocean waves to like this applies to optics. It applies to microwaves. Yet it applies. Is like anything that takes the form of a wave apparently in the stock market, behaves as a wave in light of this stuff applies to deploy to you and your break dancing. That's the work. Oh it in their waved his gathers the wave, but I do the worm hooker. That's my signature move for if you're to sport stadium in you and you're, one of those people that participates in the way in the way we have actually yeah. I'm sure that this step would apply as well after but under normal circumstances, with just a normal wave or something if you're out on the ocean, their hundreds or thousands of waves

all around you at any given point ensure and their brought about by the movement of wind across water and if there's a lot of unobstructed water, which is called fetch that apparently the amount of ocean, its unobstructed that the wind can blow across and the wind is blowing strongly and its keeping up its breath. Then can I have some waves form and that's what forms a wave yeah and their seen others. Other things it can. Impact at wind is the major thing, but in the depth of the water, the time, tides and currents. If there's an

I wonder something in the way that organ affected, but that big, open fetch is where you're gonna get your big big waves right in that it just a normal wave. What they think what I should say, one of the main theories for what causes a rogue wave, because just these normal circumstances, don't account for a rogue way right. You can point any normal wave. Milk gets its wind over this fashion boom. Therefore, there's your seven foot ocean way right with a rogue wave doesn't necessarily apply, so they think one of the pose theories, is that rogue waves form when you have a current going one way and good sized wave going the other way say from a storm. The current pushes up the wave impact clean transfers when they run into each other. It transfer some energy so that the wages gets frequently large for a minute and then all of a sudden you ve got,

RO wife, yes like if you have a really bad storm in Havana, thirty foot wave and it hits something like the the Gulf Stream, the Gulf stream. I pick it up and say: I'm gonna make you larger, because I'm a gulf stream. I want to make you a star, but they have definitely found more evidence of rogue waves in some of these currents like the Gulf stream on the east coast of the. U S or the angle echo has a girl. Has a gulf is one of the few The current on these southward EAST coast of Africa. They project with math that you could get away. Biggest a hundred ninety feet, but I don't know-

they definitely have chartered charted a lot more waves along those streams and not in current, and actually, if, if that is true, if it does pan out that currents, strong currency with waves, running opposite to them yet causes rogue waves. There saying well in the Gulf stream will account for a wider bermuda triangle. Has so many dancing, disappearance, disappearances, tenant of we mention it in, and I think we did did one on the Bermuda triangle that I'm sure we said like like they were just away that swallowed and brown, or we may have said rogue waves. It didn't stick out to me as a thing like ran across this article. The party that was like eighty years ago is

years ago us there's another explanation to end. This is basically the foundation of a mathematical principle called the Peregrine Silverton yeah like this one. So the Peregrine solid time is named after a mathematician named Peregrine and he in the eighties predicted Rove waves, the key he mathematically proved that they were possible and showed how they would form in the nineteen eighty. Yes, he is. Can you remember his first there's so british? So before that it was just like stories? Yes, ok and then this guy comes along and proves that the railways can occur and is even more awesome his he is not is again such limited. The ocean waves yeah, it's his saying you you can have is an ethics which has been proven in the lab. You can have it on the ocean, which has been proven in the lab simulation and basically the whole thing.

Peregrine solid time is that you have a normal wave and if you add a little bit of noise to these predictable formations of away here, you can have a freak actually large, steep wave that comes and goes fairly quickly yet and that's a paragraph solid time and they they ve, sent shown that these things can exist, but predicted it like that. The aid is like a good ten years before a rogue wave was ever recorded scientifically. Here, Professor Peregrine came up with it in the falcon after him. To probably While there is also the way reinforcement will. This is their railways is part of it yet to basically waves getting together and becoming one large way yet so that no Is that you add into the normal process here in this case the way reinforcement that noise would come from other ways: Gotcha

The idea is, if what say you have a ten foot wave passing over twenty four wave, that's gonna be a thirty four wave. Yes, so neat or it can go in the other direction and I guess it is has been spent and how they meet each other. You can also subtracted yeah. So like a trough was that between the crest in the lowest point of the wave right yeah. If it's a trough is like fifteen feet in a twenty four wave runs into that it robs down. Just becomes a five foot, wife, it's all math. There were even basic edition in subtraction, which makes it really exciting to make his. I understand that kind of thing. Let me well the dishes That's right, you're, very basic. Yet if I have a calculator both by the they're they're saying like if you have say five waves, and waves. There could be a lot of icy higher and the five feet, eyes the normal average in the area, but they all just happened to get together at the right point. Where are you going to turn into a fifty foot wave, a single fifty foot wave and others,

and you have a rogue way that this kind of comes out of nowhere. Yet or you're in a bad storm. Just a couple of large waves conform, something pretty intimidating very fast, so we'll talk about how common these things might be coming up after this, New year's resolutions are very, very difficult to keep get exercise save more money. What about this? We have a resolution that you can really work with stop wasting time going to the post office that right, you stamps dot com instead because they bring all the services of the. U S: postal service, right to your computer, with your small business sinning invoices

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all right, so they used to think they weren't. So common and, like we said earlier, does the lore of of the sailor Navy strengthen exactly what is Navy strings? I just like a higher proof like the good and it's too much too genie. No, it did destroys you, it's not good for you. You I've never thought the high prove alcohols like to me adding the extra just takes away from the flavor little bit for me here. I can see that crazy wrong. That's like navy strength from me. I guess it is like fire yeah, it's navy, strength, roman navies strength, gin, it used to be part of the british sailors rations. This there's only one reason tat stuff, but I mean it went away for a wreath Cynthia. Then they brought it back in its just crazy stuffs crazy. They brought it back for college students,

mean there's a care homer who makes, I think Leopold might make a navy strength. Gin yeah, it's it's rough and I love Leopold Jim, but there any navies. Jane, I think I'll just be too much for me. Get you get older and you're, not impress stuff. You know like when your college, though that's when you like this five thousand proof red we're. Gonna put it in some cool aid and none of us we're gonna. Remember tonight, no very, very pudding, Leopold: Gene in Kuwait! Here I will find you look to you nears college campuses railway happening so anyway, like this, they used to think they were pretty rare, but in two thousand for the European Space Agency started collecting data from satellites, and they basically want to see like how often do her eyes scenes indifferent estimates from us. Free and ten thousand in the ocean- to three

one thousand near coastal, inlets and river mouths, but I think what they found with their max wave project was ten waves. Eighty two feet or higher that's when the USA's data Right- and that was over a period of three weeks. But the thing is that of previous, whether data collection predicted that you get wine every like fifty years yeah and all of a sudden they saw ten in three weeks. They, like all Katy things, are way more common than we thought and, like I said, they started to think, or maybe this accounts for a lot of

appearances yeah one thing: they're gonna, try and do with another program called way that was his do surveys over a longer period of time, which makes a lot of sense. Of course, check as I could have been a really rough three weeks. Yes again, if it could have it's like, I was looking in the shipping containers, because the rogue wave cause to the worst shipping container losses in recent history or rogue waves that I should say it wasn't as one and I should say it's not necessarily just one apparently mathematically. It's also predicted that road waves tend to occur in threes, for some and I really find out why but they're they're like if you look at the wreck of the Admin Fitzgerald, the account of that from the captain of the Arthur Anderson which is the ship that was going along. What Lake superior think when it was it superior superior there

storm in November. Nineteen. Seventy five- and there are three interesting- was hit by two thirty five foot waves, which is huge for the great lakes and they lost sight of the amendment fifty Gerald and the next thing they know it's on the bottom of the lake superior broken in two and there really clearly the roadway took it down here, but there are two of em that night in apparently there are plenty of accounts have not just one but more than one road wave coming out of the blue while we got a great song out of it, Gordon Lightfoot, in the wreck of the Edmunds, its Gerald so odd that I guess that was just the time, but it seems weird that you get a big radiohead. Other geometric there was when the M stations dominated yeah, he's canadian too. So that might explain a lot

I read a good arguing alarm at the lost part of the fade out and songs. Oh yeah he's pretty cool slight, did a good article on it and have you know the biggest heads, the Sixtys and Seventys, and it ended eighties even had those guys paid out. Yes, you don't hear anymore, no well one of the reasons why, because it so awkward to try to do that, live like you remember when Davy Jones, guessed it on the very much she's trying the item they play the problem, he does a rendition of girl and then it he's out at the end while he singing any like canvassing in like more softly while discuss his lips. Thinking to the recorded vote, right right, but I mean my lived. They would in them differently, yeah yeah. Do you suppose the in the studio in its like fading, as is recording? I was just awkward the alien you could tell he thought uncomfortable, awkward per day. So I think one of the lessons we should cover is the differentiation

being a rogue wave and soon army. We ve done a pike s on soon armies in The main differences is where it comes from and where it happens soon. Armies, art. Typically, ninety foot wall of water, a lot of times, it's a five foot wall of water- that just as such force in speed coming ashore, that it does all kinds of damage well yeah depending on wind, where you see it because the rat, a wave like a normal way here, where the energy is carried on top of the water gas, the wind with it up there, the sooner is generated underwater, so the energy carries beneath the water. So when it hits that coast all the Senate pushed up Worden, you huge wall of water by on the ocean, you're like look at how fast it three foot wave his travel, exactly that's a tsunami plus again, we know what caused it

You know me, so it's not a rogue wave and its again, not a huge time wave on top of the water until it hits the coastline that's right, and if your ship, you know they can build, you better and stronger to encounter harsher ways, but there never gonna start building ships to withstand rogue waves concert in other non counter. That often, and there's really nothing. You can do if you come up The ninety four wave I mean the empire state building from the bottom to that in a country where the square and it is a hundred and eleven feet- and seeing a wave Histology empire state building. No, you can't build a ship that can withstand that. So basically you're you're ballast as your stability, and they can build you a security. Possible, but is really not much, you can do except steer. It is best you can in cross your fingers and pray,

but also in a greater understanding of how rogue waves come about. Could you know we do improve safety, less loss of life here, maybe prediction. I think this is the next wave. If you will like this, only things can be. It will help us if you even a five minute heads up like this thing might be forming somewhere near by Org sail around this area. Yet, as I wrote, Wade City and no appeal, Yo Crab is worth it. You know. I saw this article. The somebody did a study about shipping containers and the effect they have when they go overboard and apparently they provide nice little ecosystems when they hit at the bottom of the ocean like they went, checking their like pockets. Pretty great is why they like the shipping containers down there. They are,

restart inadvertent. So that's it for rogue waves. If you want to learn more about it, you can take those two words into the search bar has to work that camp and, since I said, search far sighted Your mail this help for my future. We ve gotten a few. These were people ass worthy and, unlike what should I do with my life? first, I'm email. I want I mustn't guys. I want to say your show has been with me through some very hard times. Your humor friendship in connection with your fans got me through the passing of my grandfather and a very hard break up. So thanks for that, what I was hoping you could help me out with. Was this one more? I feel, lost with the path I am on in life. I'm a recent college grad from Western Washington, you with the bachelors in history and a minor and web design.

In the working world, I find it hard to decide what I want to do with my life. I've listened a past episodes. Re answer. Fans were written in so I thought I'd give it a shot. To be clear, I am not a struggling college graduate landed a steady, secure DES job after the first couple of months lost his lustre, and I feel myself becoming the stereotypical corporate drone impressed by the position you to a found yourself in one, and I would advise you every unprofessional scholar in this world, a new career that has the potential to be fulfilling more fulfilling the grating spreadsheets and gps reports. As from Kyle GPS reports really exist because it is like, I think, people issues that really is a catch all from outer space gas. But may it might be a real thing: that's cow! Yet I'll. I thought about this a little bit. My advice to you is to not quit your job, but to do your soul searching on someone else's dime further, while you gotta get

you're way, ahead of a lot of other Peter. So don't go quit near in saying I wanna, go open up a glancing duration in Colorado, with glancing at the new thing with like highquality camping, it's like the new butcher. Think yes, we'll get. You know: you'll have a nice canvas tent in the woods with an actual bed in Iraq, a lamp, an average rate or any charge, people who go stay there, some very nice, it's not camping but because I would not suggest you like, go quit your job and run off and join the circuits about that. That's easier guy. I never have a heads up on things like this. I never have any Jessica advice, but definitely would say we took on that one like if you, if you got stability rain out. That doesn't mean you. Try out you're, never trap right

figure out what you wanna do figure out what you can make decent money at that will make you happy if it's not the job here and then there's your answer: go figure out what that is, but do it in the context of your current job as well. It's almost across the board a bad idea to just quit your job. And then figure out what you're going to do like that's yet, not smart. Yet these emails or sometimes stuff, because Kyle, I can't decide what you'd like and what you enjoy written and said boy? I really love drawing cartoons role, getting a long walks on the big fright. But I am a corporate drone. Thou say: hey, maybe twenty a cartoonist, so you need to think sir? What you enjoy life? What inspires you and there's probably a job scenario that fits that description and don't be discouraged about having history degree and not using it like that

becoming more and more prevalent, to have a degree that you don't necessarily use. It is you're, a more well rounded and interesting person, and you learn the skills that you need to survive after college in college. No matter what your degree was, and you can always gotta has to accept, come and look at the careers page. We actually have a career stage that is updated and if they say their jobs, their jobs is a kind of you like. I was asking a little bit for a job maybe well thanks a lot Kyle. We wish you the best of luck into everybody who finds the himself or herself in a position similar to cows. We are crossing our fingers for you guys and sending you good vibes, and if you want to say hi to us in the interim, you can treat to us it s. Why escape? I guess you can join us on Facebook that complex that we should know you. Consent is an email to stuff pod cast at how stuff works, dot com, and you can hang out with those that are home on the web stuff. You should know that

for more on this and thousands of other topics how stuff workshop com, How are you feeling today right now? How are you feeling about the world you living? Do you want to make the world better? Do you know how I m not sure I do, but you know Did Mr Rogers, I'm Colonel Wallis hosted. Finally, ready pack has, Fred, Rogers, Norton Father here all ten episodes of defining friend on the apple radio broadcasts more wherever you listen