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Calm, Slash s! Why s cake for a free trial and when you ready to launch use the offer code as Y s cake to save ten percent off your first purchase of a website or domain square space? Hello, friends, it's me Josh and for this week select I chose are September. Two thousand Tina episode how animal domestication works. First, I want gradually you on being curious enough that you pressed play and what seems like it might be a very boring topic, but your adventurous this will be rewarded. Indeed, because this is one of those stuffy should know it preserves. That sounds dull. By turns out to be super interesting. I hope you enjoy it and spend the rest. You day, putting yourself on the back go ahead. You deserve it,

Welcome to stop. You should know a production of Iheart radio. Her you moved into the park. Gotham Josh clerk, there's Charles the reach a bright in our body, nor whose producing us stuff you should know has gone well. You're, really icebreaker icy here, as if we didn't just reported We did not resign police internally, so Chuck yes, Fraid of Jerry Diamond before right

no, yes, your rank familiar. He run out and terms and steal. Ok here he he wrote collapse, he's known for that. Those two books again alone- I think it came after gangsters and steal, but he wrote one of my favorite journal. Articles of all time is called the worst mistake in the history of the human race about agriculture, about transitioning, I

culture. I was gonna get on what that might be of sorry, that's right! What are you where you get the latter about now agriculture? Well, the thing is: is it may be the worst mistake in the history of the human rights of talked about it, a million times the article? That is by also wrote this really interesting, article called evolution, consequences in future of plant and animal domestication, which sounds extremely boring yet in its in nature, the journal nature, but it's not bring them. It isn't bore it's really really interesting, because in it he talks about animal domestication and he says that it came about as a result of typically and about the same time as agriculture, the neolithic revolution, where we went from Hunter gathers to agriculture as yeah right to farmers in everything changed like we grew shorter in stature. Our brains grew small

our jaws drew shorter. We we got is we're in on two different way right and it was as a result of agriculture, and if you look- at what happens when we domesticate animals when we take them from the wild and we plant them next to us on a farm. Yet the same thing happens. So his point is he's arguing. Is that not only did humans domesticated animals? Humans in turn have become domesticated themselves through agriculture, yeah there's, probably nothing. That's had a greater impact, no single transition or or change or concept the TED, a greater impact on homo sapiens. Then the neolithic revolution of the transition to agriculture boom and a big part of that was the domestication of animals, yellow color, went hand in hand in a host

and which to me is hilarious because consider this. I think this is the funniest thing, I've ever thought of my life. While a man being an alien come down to earth and yours. Walking along taking everything in, and you see a human writing horse and us it's a human writing, a horse exerting completed. but if you're an alien, you see an animal writing another animal, and that would have to be the funniest thing you ve ever seen ever hear from March, and yet an animal writing! Another animal here. You know like little cowboy monkeys, their ride, dogs and stuff like that is highly Edison S. Anybody it's the exact same thing or when you watch planted apes, an ape riding a horse s on fires, uncertainly terrifying, yeah, there's the funniest thing ever you ve ever said. Yes, yes, it is so mean that was set up,

Thanks went but, alas, is forgotten all Josh story. I get really excited anthropology. well. We are covering domestication, and I guess, we should stay off the bat that not everyone is on board Peter had to look this up, because I wasn't sure what their actual stance was. regarding animal domestication. You d better know about pets. Sure I wondered Officially they are against bet keeping to buy, They they know it's too late. The hate pets, but they know too late there like away. We know we're not what they are not for is for setting these animals free. Here's. Why there Cofounder, I think, is in GRID New Kirk. Animal abolitionists, but Peters like its way. you foregone, we don't want you to citizens free, so we're gonna fight our fight.

In Spain, neutering and reducing that population is much possible right when they are still officially gets pets right the end, but there position actually does make sense is extremely realistic because there is a strict definition of domesticated animal and domesticated animals. It is a species that was formerly wild that has been taken in by humans and whose characteristics have been so all so radically altered by humans that they can no longer feed themselves. Typically. Yet it's when we actually changed their genetic make up. Yes and part of that changed part of the characteristic changes that the food supply is controlled by humans. So, if you put say an average dog out, my dog

luckily, would be dead in three days yet and somebody while they were forged their garbage humanity. If you took a dog out of any kind of human area and put it in the area, it may return to a primal state in which case that dog is added to a federal state. Now Fierro Animal is one that was formerly domesticated and then went back to the wild. Yet, if you take a single wolf and you teach it to jump up and grab beef jerk out of your hands here. What you have there goes envy, that's a tame warfare. Tame wolf could still go fend for itself. It's a eighth eighteen individual I domesticated animals, one that born comfortable associating with humans, yet and there's exceptions. Of course, cats. The domestic house cat being

You could drop it a cat out in the middle, the woods and they would survive. They will hunt mice and eat mice and or whatever the squirrels so that the end, the domestic cat is its own species, but that raises some questions under Jared diamonds. Definition: the stricter definition of right, a domestic animals if the if a cat can just go like take care of itself is it technically feral or is it ever really domesticated yeah? Or is it just an agreement? Hey I'll catch the mice in your house, and I like that wet food every day at five p m, saw this hang out here exactly alike, to sleep on your chin like the cat. The cat is found an agreeable arrangement that it could take her leave at any time yet more mutually benefit. As you will see that that's a consistent thing in the domestication of animals is that some people believe that it's good for the animal

for the human and we have learned to scratch each other's backs in many different ways, literally even in some cases. So a little bit of a good ground for this one might be to listen to our show on natural selection. The chasm well covers natural selection. There's another kind of selection called artificial selection when it comes to domestic, animals, and that is not the same thing that is when humans are choosing these desirable traits and making it so through breeding like the general horses, the first domesticated horses, were they sonic cigar the hit a did. We broke them of that have another small like ponies. There were little ones a little wild horses and Mongolia think they call on the walls keys, plainly in Pittsburgh,

no the russian Army officer that their named after, but when you start your name with three continents, I never know which one is silent. Okay, so how'd, he spoke P r, Z I was not community has barely w ascii sums going to say is a wall Skis horse, but people were at one poor, liking, man about derived that thing, but he's too small, so fine, the biggest one, it's a male and find the biggest one. That's a female make him go, have sex right and maybe I'll have a bigger one, bigger sun and then make that mate with some one big right and eventually these things are gonna- be big enough there, where we can read them and then by proxy doorway the ones they don't fit. The criteria that we want or abuse and per somethin else share food, but that's what we do with dogs to like you got a bunch of different ones, writes a big small, soft, very fast cuddly, and we we said while we like this one.

Some we'd like that for that, and so artificial selection was still going on. We reduce spreading it out all over the years with like, say a horse or something we want a bigger and stronger, because We wanted to write them and we also wanted to apparently drink their milk, which I did not know, but it makes sense that horses produce milk as their mammals, but patently our ancestors drink horse milk. You never had worse, milk enough. I want to know if there is anyone out there, he hath listening, whose tasted horse milk- please describe it someone out. There is drinking horse milk right now, while listening to the one of our mongolian listen straight from the teeth, I think very thick. They use a horse for all sorts of stuff. The Mongolian there also like excellent writer, see I think that in it that does a whiskey sources is in Mongolia again yeah after being nearly extinct, I might be wrong with them. So, in addition to selecting the

Of course. We also did some cool stuff with sheep. We we select the hell they longer coarser, hair there we didn't want that's camp here. We wanted the softer stuff that was inside a k, a the wool. So we, sheep that had more woven camp in the old. Basically, you can't find camping cheap any longer and they were one of the first, the domesticated animals right the sheep. Yet they were chickens, Don't normally produce eggs is frequently is as they do once they ve been domesticated. Yet They didn't like a Rhode Island Raddle produce five to seven a week, the large eggs apparently the original chicken to added look this up, but I remember for undermine those. A vegetarian witnessed an argument between a vegetarian immediate, which is always fun cause. I don't get involved in that stuff and I think one whose like will look at the chickens. You know what else are we gonna? Do

what what is it good for and he was like? Did the original chicken was anything like this chicken near the region, while chicken was like tolerant, leaner and ran super fast and road runner cats who gets the soft crimes, and indeed all sorts of chick anything's that weren't just being slaughtered for food and apparently the first chickens were domesticated. They think for cock fighting. They ever entertainment crazy with shameful, shameful history, Norway, as people humans, said diamond. You you'd think if we can Mr Kane Animals, why don't we just domesticate them all and use them for purposes diamond writes that only about fourteen animal species out of a hundred and forty eight candidates have been domesticated and that's because we can't

domestic arena, mother, certain things, certain criteria that even opens up the possibility goes like a six point checklist, basically in and it's not progressive. If any one of these with these characteristics or treat Sally eyes met yeah it pretty much just throws out the whole deal. Do you gotta have all six are those six are the first one? Is the right died if you're a picky animal? I gum what was the one and only Eads Bamboo the bamboo tone as dumber than coalesce Koala is now they eucalyptus idea, Maybe I'm glad you remember that guy you're not gonna be able domesticated Kuala, because what you want is something that you can feed and mass quantities on cheap, accessible food awoke actually bamboo would be that the way to go. It's eucalyptus, yeah yeah! I don't know how you can discuss if they bear

who they pallaby domesticated in that well now buy cheap, accessible food. I think they mean, like millions of pounds of feed that you can put in the trough. Do bamboo is like one of the fastest growing plants on earth we got it. Are we eucalyptus, but as you can let their feathers bamboo thing heard about family of a company that grows Josh's bamboo floors the number two thing is a fast growth rate. So yet again, if you don't be able to grow quick- and we can use them- yes alike If we figured out how to use guerrillas to build skyscrapers, there be awesome, but it would take forever to build a skyscraper because guerrillas only reproduce fairly infrequently. So need something they can build a skyscraper bass. That's why that didn't work right when they tried it but there are one girl aware that hard had allowed. Alas, freedom:

this position? That's pretty clear you if you, if a Europe a cardiac, bear you're, not gonna, be domesticated retry that it grizzlies at one point: seven veiled domestication, allow yeah, zebras very famously can't be domesticated yak. As imagine people be man right. There thing. It's cool. Looking yeah it'll by you to death, really apparently in thy Jerry Diamond article. He says that zoo keepers zebras account for more injuries as you powers than any other animal at the zoo yeah. That is one pissed off stripy horse. They're, not worse, is that, although early their related for sure lawyer, but the so the zebras is one. An Koala two apparently are like ferocious little animals a while they retired, eaten bamboo. Let you go

rapid one, two, three four easy breeding yeah, that's pretty obvious! You gotta be older, pump out little baby puppies quickly. Yes, caselli, some animals like just shut down when you, when their captive, like they don't breed. like pandas, have a lot of trouble, breeding in captivity and is too so. I saw such a big deal when their born at the zoo or when, like twins, are born. Like get the Atlanta zoo. You may now about Zeus why we did a package on that, That's a conclusion we came to her. I think of the title of a man ought to know about a pussy collars is good or bad for animals yeah. Does it get up so there it's one of those long lost overlooked ones that are so good. That's polarizing to man did some facebook posting about the killer, whales in captivity in people real, feel passionately about like black fish about support

see world or not supporting Seaworld in that black fishes bunch of bunk, apparently, bike fishes was highly manipulated, the documentary was, but at the end it all that outside I don't care. I just don't think they should be kept in captivity in this one particular thing without, in respect of a social hierarchy. That's a big one pig, because if you don't, if you can't be the alpha dog and the leader of the pack, then you have a very hard time: domesticating that animal yeah but with a cat being an exception in animal that does follow a social hired hierarchy is, is basically pre arranged to be domesticated neck. Is you just take that alpha male punch me in the face a couple of times

of everybody may come cry and then now you're the alpha mail and you say startling eggs they listened to and then their domesticated, at least in that respect after punch the chicken yeah, but does that's a big one is is with that social hierarchy. It sets them up their predisposed here. Our method domestication, which is listening to humans and, like sheep, it's mine blowing, because sheep her down on all that follows an alpha leader, right, yeah and so we have gotten so were to show off when it comes to animal domestication, were so good that we ve taken one of our domesticated animals, the dog. And put the dog in charge of the she has the apple male of the sheep yeah! That's how she per herded. That's that's. To show off the aliens, that's another good alien laugh when the double domestication Deanna Dog, leading she

It's funny to. If you had a dog that say a hurting has the hurting instinct and when you see that play out in your own home ways to see it all the time with Lucy, she would totally hurt us and when we let it out in the back yard, she would walk the perimeter of the fence. He announced that a running through the middle of it yet very interesting. Yet a regional, those original tendencies and then the last one is they won't panic if you have an animal that freaks out behind offence like dear yeah, that's it, sir, that you can have real hard time there, but, like we said there are exceptions because wolves were fierce and cats, I don't follow a pack leader and we're gonna get the dogs and cats a little later Sir,

Josh! Yes, we're doers, that's right, we're makers, dear, we say shit here's what we're definitely dreamers and that's why we you square space as are online home, to tell everyone about our wives shows we ve always use their great templates and that great great website to tell people where we're gonna perform next. Yeah. When we eventually go back out into the world. You bet we're gonna, learn everybody on as well as K, live, are square space built website and lucky that we all have anything to sell chuck because we would be so I'm a gang. Busters was square spaces e commerce tools at right. They got marketing tools and Linux the ease of use. If I can actually do this thing, anybody can guess anybody can you can build your own website, it's true with help from square space.

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yeah, but do you know what they actually do? It's insurance right? What sort of sea most people don't realize that their health insurance isn't designed to cover all their medical expenses really, yet all over the country people can get here with unexpected medical bills. Even something as simple is going to your doktor can leave you with expenses. Your health insurance may not cover wow. I never really thought about that. Yeah! That's why there's f lack they can help. Give you an additional layer of financial protection. It's like a safety net for unexpected medical bills, so you can focus on getting better. I, like the sound of that so without like you, won't be caught his off guard. If maybe an unexpected medical bill hits exactly ass lack pace. to help with expenses. Health insurance does uncover will, but the real question is: can you use that cash for other everyday expenses? You sure can you can use the money? However, you choose to help with things like and deductibles order, even help pay your dogwalkers

to injure the Walker Dog man, that's actually pretty sweet deal. It absolutely is so to see how athlete can help of expenses. Health insurance does cover visit, ass, lack, F, L, a sea dot, com that's athletic dot, com, So If you listen to our show on cave art, you know that and Egyptology. You know the animals or of modification yeah, probably so you know the animals have been tied to humans were long time and revered by humans for a long time, as evidenced by the fact that they buried them

a mummified them and they painted them on their while Spain and pictures of us writing them there, yet they. They think that the M the first animal to be domesticated. By far, who was the dog. How awesome is a hunter gatherer society was in the dog were pals long before agriculture ever came along, but about the time of the agriculture Revolution, which is and get this check this out. Ten thousand five hundred years BP too, about forty five hundred years. Bp, now what's BP before present at the

when you that's like the scientific way of saying that no legs Euro year, anything like that, just ten thousand five hundred years before present the full present before present, not british, that was news eland. So basically at some point about ten thousand five hundred years ago. What they think happen is the earth's climate change. Now, maybe we killed off enough of the mega fauna up through over hunting or to climate change, the they just went extinct, and about that time so plants came around that we noticed we really liked, and maybe accidentally started growing up, and then we figured out that we could just select these ones and yet a process of our Michelin, natural selection, merged. Together we got agriculture and about the same time we started it to domesticate pigs, sheep and cattle ya. Think where the big First three,

they still are the big three like those of the money domesticated animals. You know why I like you at its tied to human natural selection as well, because if you are the tribe that is, out how to keep cattle. Then, do better than your name DR, that hasn't yet, and so you are going to be more successful as a civilization,

You are an you're going to conquer, like we talked about, and I think the royalty one. We talked a lot about tribes, conquering other tribes yeah through agriculture through exporting agriculture and, as a result, cheer diamond points out. Eighty eight percent of humans alive today speak one of seven language families and they come from two places in Eurasia which were the first places for agriculture to take root. So basically those tribes were so effective because of agriculture. Today, we still basically the vast majority of speak one. Seven language groups well That's crazy! Here's dolly thousands of years later! That's how effective agriculture was it asserting authority we should do on on agriculture, the birth of agriculture, carefully. We haven't yet still the greed subject to animals

Here's a little breakdown of where some of your favorite animals came from. In South EAST Asia is where you first got. Your goats pick pigs, sheep and dogs Southwest Asia yeah we won over to Central actually got Mesopotamia. These were the the birth of it all. Yes, central Asia is gonna. Get your chickens and you're too humped Bactrian David's, pronounce near looks like a camel central Asia. Yeah and those camels were actually well known for long hair and they can survive and cold climates. Yes, neurotic desert the dwellers no, the apparently when they were domesticated created such a revolution that some societies stopped using the wheel because they like we only the wheel anymore. We got camels like the wheel left altogether and then came back near when someone said our car should recall two yeah thanks. So much.

The man Arabia is where you have you, being camel that with a single hump China, they domesticated pigs, and the water buffalo and dogs? move over to the Ukraine and you ve got the wild tarpaulin horses and so it must folks think or the original, the original, the Oji the original horse right. Even though I read about the small into Mongolia, the yet was newski The calamity you having Kowalski Young, looked up and then Egypt's you ve got donkeys and then South America,

you ve got your Lama in your alpaca Lama as a beast: a burden and alpaca for their soft, the wall and the guinea pig for their meat who really yeah and South America. Yet the Andes and one eating any big, that's what they were bred for. Italy and those are some of the earlier ones and jeered diamond again. I know I keep citing of a man has caused great ideas. Is he like ok, see that is modern man, yeah he's Gallo, beatnik pointed beard and everything really his good guy. Let's get touch them, ok, ginger diamond gittha. Please contact us for reasons, will figure out later stuff podcast at Helstone works. Put in the subject line. I am Jared Diamond.

bigger and now we're gonna get five hundred grand, but it'll be Lou. Beggar opposing is chairing the diamond nice. One so diamond pointed out that over the last thousand years, only wine substantial animal has been added to the list of domesticated animals to basically we were good at it to start, and we did everything we could be equally. Almost all animals that are gonna be domesticated on earth have been domestic was at the hamster. It was the reindeer oh, the hamster wheel until nineteen thirty, though yes, I know and if you read that that's technically attained animal out, not domesticated not under the strictest definition where it's like the animals are born. A jet in their genetically modified comfortable around humans are born that way with it with attained animal

you're like inventing the wheel with each individual organism gotcha with its within domesticated animals. You ve taken a wild beast, and you selected it enough so that, The wine and animals born yeah, it's cool being around human is like, if you're around, like a durable hamster yet Ebby its second be cool around you. It doesnt. Have you no thousand, of years of genetic information, turning it that from birth, it can be comfortable with you cause you're gonna, give it some pellets to eat. Ok, whereas a dog, a puppy will just automatically struggle up with the right, but think about getting close to a wolf. Pup can be problematic, let's go try right now jealousy the movie, never cry Wolf, the Disney. every from like the mid eighties. Ever so good, it wasn't wait. You live action either HAWK Noah,

way before his time nodded. I told you know what you mean. I can picture the game ahead. Did it goes and lives with the war? I might I ask of you. He was in the chamber, is another movie So when, when we did domesticated like I said, we we took a wild animal underwent a process through artificial selection to wear just became something different and there sir certain traits that they're not quite sure how they happen. But there clearly linked the genes that lead to Jim domestication that taken animal internal from wild to tame domesticated that have outward signals and signs like floppy years. The only other animal in the wild there has for years, is the african elephant, every other animal in the while has perky years. But it's almost like it's a sick like ok, we're a team now. Are you don't need to pick up a totally? Is smaller brains, eyes, yep?

They don't need to be a smart over the years if your feeding, as evidenced by my damn dog Buckley, like I said he survive two days in the wild Berwin time left his dog out a hit by accident, and I was gonna do are the next morning in this big rottweiler. Comes running over at me and I was like at first I go man and then I realized it was Carter, and now I went banged on his door and he finally woke up and he's Carter's in here, as I don't think so, and he had come home from a long night. Let a mountain forgot where back again and lower Carter to slip on the front porch. Ah, like the swedish thing ever but Carter survived, is my point, the sleeping on the front by sleepy and forge in beaten egg scratching on it like, please. Let me see smaller brains curly, hair, sharp sense of sight and hearing

Well, it's lessened yes lesson, because they only that's Duffy the right they because their being cared for by humans, the humans are saying you just get dumb or in charge now will will teach everything you need to know. We got a lot of this data, this information a shared diamond. Very, no, not even a very famous Buddy that went on for about forty years I a russian geneticists named Dmitri belief and a delay of said, hey, I'm in a figure out how domestication actually works and I'm gonna take a silver foxes and I'm going to compress domestication process, and clear over the course of like thirty or forty years, even after he died his his colleagues in and interns insistence carried on. This experiment has been going on for

maybe fifty years our and they found that you can get predictable results from debate. keeping animals and their domesticated some silver foxes, their ears started getting floppy their skulls started to get smaller. They serve to get curly hair, some of started to bark and they were born comfortable around humans. Yet and here's the and if you ve, seen theirs really cute video, the internet, about a little fox? Getting his belly rubbed looks like dogs, but they are, dna evidence. They have pretty much proven that dogs or descended the asian Grey Wolf and have nothing to do with boxes. But that's just proof through this experiment taming domesticating. This animal can lead to these traits yet because a lot of people are like how do you get a Palmer From a grey Wolf Gray Hog from a grey wolf or something like that, have you seen a picture that pug, whose

who is clearly messing around with a crawfish and gets his tongue bit. and it's like in midair- and you know they have huge eyes that are bulging out anyway, he's trying to like have sex with a cross and do not like he was sniffing. It must be crawfish like grabbed onto his tongue and now the caucuses hang. To his tongue in the engine. It air is the pugs like squealing owners, hilarious anyway. They they figured out that because of domestication, these traits change- and, like I said before, with will in a different kind of dogs, you get different kinds of will differently king dogs, that we selective or time yet it didn't take that long, apparently, apparently with canine, specifically selective breeding. In effect, a species really rapidly and dumb there's been evidence of pekinese dogs. As far back as first century, a d, China, Oh I'm they weren't walls for long once we decided in others different

here, is on how that very first happen. I'm one of em, which I like is that people and abandon pups and is just an actual human instinct to see a little puppy and care for it. So they said, let me take the subtle Wolf Bobby because it needs a home. We talk about the signs of cute some time. It's really interesting like why we assign outings cute an email there will have to do now. That's one of the theories, the other one! Is that maybe some of the more chain walls would rummage around our garbage and for Food and so, if you were a more take off your more likely to survive and ensure that would evolve into a more doglike species. Yet because you, the human garbage pile, was much more reliable source of food than say, like whatever was growing in the wild, so exactly they would be. That's natural selection, basically through artificial means almost yet, but either way they think that dogs descended from walls or divergence

was as long as a hundred thousand years ago, but they didn't really start to undergo the drastic morphological changes until may be fifteen thousand years ago. Yet, and again all this predates the advent of agriculture, so that means that Hunter gathers and dogs were friends for a while, and they think that the reason that happened was because they figured out that a dog could go flush out some Corey, a hundred gather, could spirit and then tear off a piece. give the dog solemn and eat some himself in they had a symbiotic hunting relationship that was aces. Yeah We said earlier mutually beneficial. It was great for the dog, they were fast and fierce and we were soon art and because we already Jim dogs are innately want to follow the lead dog, an alpha Georgia, it just. It was kind of like the perfect relationship and

it has been ever since you and one of the other cool things about the domestication. The dog is day in ancient Rome apparently women as where they had the first evidence of the lap doggies. as they were supposedly cured stomach ethics, which of course they didn't, but I think it. Made, someone feel better having a little dog curled up on her lap soldier tummy feel no respect to them for that to be selected than we were there. We selected Oh, I don't know she. Dogs to herd and terriers did catch rats, and you know that that explains all this variation in DOM breeds. yes, our called special on at the other day it was on. I think it was on. More planet, but it was one of those dislike. Look how acute everything, as was kind like the science behind only the history of these animals, those really cool got so, let's take breaking, will come back and we'll talk about cats and other stuff too,

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although in alpha mail, which leads to a puzzle of how they could possibly been domesticated an if you talk to her, people. They may not have ever really been domesticated cats, don't look different their their ancestors right, which means that it makes a tough to go back and compare modern cats to the cats. In the fossil record and say, oh, they diverged exe. five years ago or whatever, yet ass, one My favorite things about cats is: when you look at a cat in the back yard, you know crowd down to leap on the bird. It looks just like a big lion right about the leap on the big bird. The thing is: they're, pretty sure that cats did not diverge from big cats. Slow, I eye and they think face. They came instead from a couple of different wild cats. european Wildcat in an african wild cat in both of those are still around today and they think that that's what the cats last common answer There were more. If you look at her, the rail is like us, yeah like if you look at the african Wildcat, looks like just a bigger version of tabby

and they they don't know exactly when they were domesticated, but there is evidence that, as far back as some ninety five hundred years ago, there is at least one great site where a cat was clearly buried with human, which India at some sort of important and familial illness with the cap yeah an angel, your letters again. They love cats and dogs, and I think cats were even had like religious significance but or maybe both of em did but has a numerous. That was a dog right. I don't remember. I just remember: Horace was the hawk right right, but ancient Egyptians love their dogs and cats or was hoarse the dog. They can do this with the dog, so um, again, cats

probably are not technically domestic. But while the reason why we we took them in, though, is the same reason that some people still take them and now is because their good matters right there and that's pretty much the explanation for domestication in a lot of ways like they. The animals were useful for work. That's right! So some of the other animals very ancient domesticated animals that we domesticated forward- and I guess I should say it was this forward. Probably initially we domesticated animals for food supply like their milk year, things like cattle cows, we domesticated them for milk course their ancient ancestor. That's now extinct called the Iraq and um yeah. That's what led to modern, tame cattle, apparently right oxen, we domesticated them for work. Although there's milk from them,

you can promise drink milk from anything. Yet I am, I think, was he can milk anything her his little slow milking the ox? think was was even stronger than the cow and they would pull initially sledges like put a bunch gone that thing and pull it over here and then eventually and of force wheeled wagons, and some say that wouldn't have even got to where we were with the wheel of an event for things like ox now, because we would have to pull it. That's no good, not cheap. We eventually figured out there. We could breed them, for their work, although apparently there is a five thousand year differential between the time we domesticated cheap and the time we started using war area before the the, the loom for this are weaving by hand. Yet goats, goats are great because dallied anything

so they're super useful. It can be infertile rocky land and a goat is pretty happy their great climbers. Here edam me I get meet, unfortunately, can make she's out of their milk yeah. Did you know that Kashmir comes from yeah, I'm only. I know that you did not know. I think they're just good for looking at and thinking are cute sure. That's one thing. Pigs Of course he descended domesticated from the wild boar, and pigs were domesticated mainly because they would eat waste and trash and so they were handy to have around because they would eat our trash and then we would eat them. And you know it's interesting. North America has a pretty fascinating history. As far as domesticated animals go with pigs in Peru, color, the wild hogs in North America,

not around. There are a couple of piglike animals, but there's no true wild pigs in North America or there weren't until the sixteenth century, when De Soto, but a bunch of domesticated pigs who wandered off some of which wandered off and became wild hogs of the Americas. While the same thing happened to the horse is act. They originally came around the bearing land bridge and then went extinct, and then the Spanish brought them over and they said, hey No other horses here already consists pretty great yeah. The horses said that and some whom went feral and now you have the horses on Cumberland, hitherto. The wilder has pretty amazing their faith in it

Cumberland island is here in Georgia for those of you that dont know we're not talking about so much like south american country. No Cumberland ion yes right here in the south, and you know it's cool is and for me this is the fact that the pod gas after the horse, the next step forward in speed transportation, was five thousand years later, with the steam drain yeah. They, like I've, worked alive or thousand years horses as fast as we can go, and you know tie up twelve of to that stage, coach and we'll be twelve horses strong, but yet for five thousand years the amazing news and then vote on the amendment of the steam engine and the horses were like fine will go here but event, apparently at first, they were used for meat in their milk year horse milk, again

again, and then they were used as a motive transportation donkeys, although good for transport and is an Egypt near they came out of Egypt camels. Give for transporting you gotta The different kinds, the batch bactrian in the arabian camels and defective just using animals for transport and for work cannot be allowed. for not only the agricultural revolution to take hold, preferred to spread as well yeah through trade routes and stuff that allowed humans to just move longer distances faster. Does another big way that domestication changed humanity. It helped spread like a plague over the face of the earth, so he could ruin everything yeah. I guess we can talk about, Other smaller livestock like chickens and roosters. Like you said earlier, this is, I think, maybe the second factor the show is possibly domesticated for entertainment as cut fighters to say

Turkey's I didn't know this: they were that one of the few indigenous North american domesticated animals, yeah Mezzo Americans domestic- I didn't know that either, although, if that floats your boat, you should read one thousand four hundred and ninety three cuz stuff like that comes up in a little while I just need to read both those some point Simply we haven't Dinah. Here's another one bees we domesticated bees. I'm sure, through a very long and painful process. This is discussed in fourteen only three as well, but so we domesticated bees and we use bees to hell with another domesticated organism, the omens tree area. So that's another one. That's like sheep dogs, herding, sheep, oh yeah! but does it bees pollinating omens, yeah well, bees. We did it

if certain that the Tele sweetened everything for many many years and still do musing honey by last night is still delicious in a cocktail. Now, on a biscuit out any other biscuit, did you make the biscuit yourself? Are you read? It lies from scratch from again those are good. The oh yeah, you know it's real good. I've noticed the young, the frozen ones in the bag. Instead of the can they rise a lot more. Like a traditional southern biscuit to me. We wanted just like Hosty Buttery feels very like layer, biscuit flaky layers, yet manners are good and is always fund opened the package to, and it's delicious with honey, but thanks to a man named L l length straw off, he is a guy who really made beekeeping They're, alive people working with frames already, but he's the one he's a first guided.

Meda removable immovable frames, which apparently bees will have a tendency to tie their honey, comes into the wall of the box, let's say and dumb with those removable immovable frames. They weren't. I couldn't do that anymore. And apparently that made it really easy to manage them. So, thanks to him in eighteen, fifty two smart guy, wickeder domesticate those bees further delicious honey, and so the here's where it comes a kind of falls apart for me now I could see saying bees are domesticate ensure and on sting you there used to being around people. Yeah silkworms, no? No, no rabbits! No! I would say that you can take a rabbit, but for the most part there not domesticated, look and then the same with hamsters, which realize that they were this recent yeah from nineteen,

thirty and another fun factors, supposedly the entire population of domesticated or I'm sorry, tamed hamsters derives from that one. Hamster family yeah because they make so many little hamster so quickly. So you take issue with silkworms, rabbits and hamsters. I do as tamed, but not domesticated, yes, like the elephant, just because Hannibal ride An elephant doesn't mean its domesticate meant he had attained elephant to ride and chuck. Just before we wrap up that. I mentioned that humans, in turn, have been domesticated by agriculture. And we have like we ve- got undergone a lot of the same changes that domesticated animals undergo when we domesticate them like our reproductive period has increased, because we know that carry a kid like ten kilometers everyday cows were not hunter gatherer, so we can have more kids debts gum, horsemen brought all over town, exactly

and one of the other ways that we ve changed. In addition, do some of us becoming lactose taller into adulthood yet is we ve become ravaged by and also immune to a lot of diseases? Lotta epidemic diseases which couldn't have ever existed prior to the advent of agriculture for two reasons: one it needs a dense human pop. nation that agriculture supports is for it to be spread around and contracted in into really gain steam? Yes and then. Secondly, it also- requires a lot of repeated close proximity to animals, and it turns out that Oliver epidemic diseases come from we're cultural Revolution in our hang out with livestock alot near like gum, for example, influenza, came from pigs and ducks

yeah, measles and tuberculosis came from cattle, possibly smallpox came from cattle, if not camels, and then get this. The very fact that all of these, almost all these worst advocate epidemic diseases, have their origins in Eurasia, mean that that's because our domestication took place in Eurasia It means that the people of Europe were able to develop resistance in immunity over the generations to these diseases, to they don't get these diseases as much No, and when we came over that's what wiped out the north American new world populations, because they did have any resistance of these diseases. So you can really make a case that agriculture changed. Everything more than anything else ever has. While, so that's that you got anything else, I got nothing else, can you need to read one thousand four hundred and ninety one, one thousand four hundred and ninety three I'll do that tonight:

If you want to know more about animal domestication, you can type those two seemingly boring, but rather fascinating words into the search bar has to work that come and that will bring up this article and insufficient search bar, simpler cinema. I'm call me Wilson family. We heard from quite a few got quite a few people that, pictures of their little like two and three dollar packets, you're gonna need think it's even five dollars anymore. I think a couple of people whose got two dollars. Apparently they give you two to sweeten the pot and then went to do it. You get more, that's what I think somebody I think said what is from a real deal Nielsen family. They get paid in their from Atlanta from Grant Park. Apparently are addressed, was picked at random by their computer program and they sent out a representative of the gifts set of ugly tumblers to convince is to participate. Are we aid because they pay you about two hundred dollars every six months. If you let them track your tv in computer usage,

rob who was the representative came by and install the tv box and computer broke and then we check in on us in person every six months and ask a set of questions about our life in purchasing habits. They always asked about table wine which allows interesting, every time we turned on Archie, they would allow me, as I've just be drunk on table wine. The whole area, We turn on the tv or open up ur laptop. We had a press a button about. He was what being in using the computer, wasn't hard, but it became annoying. after a couple years, so we're happy when contract ended. Apparently there really I too have a support programme cause we were what they call a grand slam. Family, which means we were young under thirty, over the air tv, no cable antenna and we own a map. So that's a grand slam, apparently, it seemingly vase yeah, I guess so. It seems like we are pretty rare, fine in the world and their worlds

where that when our two year participation ran out it off offered us a year long extension, we also got a bonus. for being a minority household which is delirious, because both of us are white as can be, but my husband is half cuban so that is from Laura and Chris right here in Atlanta, nice, Loring, First Nielsen, he added the Nielsen thing. No cable under thirty MAC see the Grand Slam Grand Slam you are a grand slam, family of some weird sort. We want to hear from you. You can try to us it s why, as K Pod cast, you can join us on Facebook. That complex subjects should know you can send an email. Do you stuff podcast to have them that camp and check out our home on the web stuff. You should know that. Stuff, you should know, is a production of Iheart radio for more public My heart radio visit thy heart radioactive apple had passed

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