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for money, anytime, anywhere making capital one and even easier decision. That's banking re imagined! What's in your wallet term supply capital, one in a member fdi, hey everyone. Do you know the song landslide sung by Stevie necks? Well, this is not that this podcast about real landslides and how they work, and it's my picture Saturday Select was it get up, and it was from March twenty. Seventh thousand fourteen check it out

Welcome to stop you should now production. Have I heard Radio Hamilton, Pakistan Josh Clark controls the view of brain is, with these always tell us her pillow? How are you good Jerry in the house when you know I won't be our funniest podcast, and I have to say that I suggested landslides without knowing about it. Whence I know I swear now. I promise you. I said this to you on Monday and then saw like a few hours later while and was like oh boy, I didn't in. I was puzzled. Vacation sweated, hear about it, but yeah

so it's super element was head is in an apparently unintentionally relevant near like our black boxes. Episode yeah has been happening, weirdly be. If you have been not paying attention to the news at all. Lately then you may not know, but there was a massive landslide in Washington as of last count, I think I thought I'd like twenty four is an astoundingly high number for a landslide, at least in the United States, because something like twenty five to thirty. Five people die in the: U S a year, yeah from land, Slides this one was one single, enormous landslide and if you haven't seen the pictures, to get an idea of just how large was a should go online immediately and check it out because it was not.

what happened there yet about our north of Seattle and until we have a lot of fans in Seattle, Sir, obviously thinking about everyone there, but it is in other still in a hundred and seventy plus people missing in is its. It looks like it will be easily the deadliest landside in. U S history by the time. This is all said and done. It seems like it, but clearly hoping there's more survivors, but it's just a scary mean oh yeah. To think about, like being trapped like that, possibly still alive is just like. The whole thing is upsetting yeah, because I mean if fewer inside structure now cover with my de might. You know there is a chance that you are you're not buried the structure around use bury right so yeah, it's it's pretty awful stuff, The two me what's even more often I read an article- were a rise in unnamed resident was saying like

we're not mad the authorities but yeah. Apparently they they didn't. He the lot of warnings really this area, the area, that was covered in landslide was known since this Sixteen in the area is slide hill. The the area itself is called the steel head landslide. So I imagine it from the street you live on. Is it is not an east like right? in steel had landslide re landslide is in the name of the area that you live so as, unlike the biggest surprise, no- and there is a nineteen. Ninety nine report by the: U s- Army core of engineers, that predicted a the potential for a large, catastrophic failure right there you're happen in that's exactly what happened. The landslide happened it covered about. A square mile and is like fifteen feet deep right now, while you can

People were to live, though you know. No, you definitely camp. I'm not saying I shouldn't have warned by like people still live in flood zones and people still bill their houses on the sides of it. oh and Malibu india- and I guess, if your warned in like you, are willing to take their risk in you wanna do that you're here. I do not disagree with that, but I don't know if I dont know if everybody was as aware of bright central, But apparently there is a landslide in that area, as recently as two thousand six really yeah. So apparently this was the big one and it was coming along time in that and set off by water. In this case right yeah. There is word that possibly it was an earthquake, but they think now it was. There is a lot of rain near that that came before then, and so well, it's let's get down to explaining what happened exactly the the landslide. There is actually

I think we owe mudslide and mudslides landslides. A bunch of other ones are all they all fall under. Something called mass movements yeah, and that is the umbrella term, and that basically means gravity is at work, moving. Something down a slope: some come sediment, it can be a landslide which can is obviously devastating or it can be superseded. Over centuries and we'll get, and all that in a minute when and where we get into all the triggers too. But I guess we should talk about their categorize depending on how fast it's moving, what kind materials are being moved right in every case, though, you're talking about soil moving off of bedrock that the friction bait being overcome by gravity, that's exactly what a landslide it in

and slid. It's like super fast erosion yon, any slope. You have soil over Iraq and its being held him in place by friction, costs scared to think about a really is it's true, but then, when you read it, it's like well yeah. I mean like if you ve ever like, dug a hole in the ground near it's not easy. It's not like it's not like silt or something like that. It's it's like ground to tar ground, but you know that stuff is it's not views to the bedrock tonight? It's it's there's a kind of em there's a friction that's holding in place in that. Can that can fail in that That's what a landslide is exactly like. You said, gravity overcomes friction and it can on some very large scales. It can small scales and then, like you said, depending on the type of movement, how it moves. What's moved, you have different categories of mass movements. Landslides are just one

I'm a slide. Yeah is one category, the slides, creeps, slumps and flows. Yeah creeps are obviously super slow. It can be months years, it could be centuries of creep, and that is when the sediment, when the friction is, is not working, but it's not completely destroyed. So they're still some friction issues moving super slow and that's usually, as result, a lot of freezing in following melanin to change the composition of the soil. The win the young when freeze comes through the sediment and soil is pushed upward as it freezes and when it thought it falls back downward. So what you have, if you look at it on a geological time, scale is basically an undulation up and down yeah of the soil that is moving downward on a slope like millimetres

I'm right and they're. Not the tell tale signs, though you can see that creep is happening because telephone calls will be cut skewer Austrians, or something like that: yeah yeah yeah. They that means that year staining honour looking at a slumping slope leah- and you won't see it happening- we know, but you were pretty awesome, give I can remember where at times. Yet the time I'd give it wasn't over the course of the years over the course of things several days San Bernardino, what everybody s leg. there goes it makes you feel unstable, yeah like the earth beneath your feet. Yet well I mean that the earth is a constantly evolving mass. In of soil is being moved from here to there and is also to different agents of change, but it

in different ways that concrete yeah, I think so slumping slope, that's not true those a creeping slope. Yes, a slump is when you have a big chunk that breaks off as a single whole chunk and yet moves that's a slump yet, and that can be, the actual thing can be called a slump. Do it can have a couple of meaning there for that word, the big peace can be called a slump. Raw or investment is the swamp if they're not sliding like they used to factor in the same area, and that is when basically, the base can't support this big chunk on top of it and again is usually due to moisture and water. Is the general calls for slump? well yeah waters like the primary all time, leading winning IST cause of mass movements year, because either I come in a slump

a good analogy or a good example is if you're at the beaten, you just see like a whole, a whole hunk of wet sand, chair off of another hunger wet sent these as witness the slump in actually water can create stability. First Sandy Low Meer Clay soil. Yet, like you build a sank ass, we want the same, exactly up to a point right. When you are too much water become saturated, and then you have a slump or you have a slightly flow and then with other types of mass movement that water can get underneath and interrupt the friction between the soil and the bedrock right, and that's when you have some sort of movement as well to this creep and that slump and then finally, we have flow which is just basically a super mix of water and rock and soil and other materials, and it's just doesn't usually the deadliest Kiev spread. Further

blood flow, an avalanche they get everywhere, Billig enter into every thing: it's not just yet, just like a bunch of dirt. It's it's like a river, a moving fast, moving river of mud in debris, and I miss spoke earlier. That's in also Washington. That's what that's, what that was? It was the allied apply, a mud flow that started it that came down and covered everything- oh god, gotcha dead, which actually hampered rescue operations because apparently suspect quicksand right now you write in so in the case of while, in the case of a anything other than a creeper slump. If you're talking about a quick landslide, it happens just like in a snap. It's it's going and picking up speed, but it is the result of years and years

years of of like slow, steady erosion. Basically, it's not something that just happens at work can be triggered. We'll talk about like earthquakes and stuff like that, but in general it's the weathering down of objects, and I guess the difference should describe between weathering erosion erosion is transporting the weather material and whether unease is the actual wearing down of that material. Dry ass, their different. Yes, if you have a rock n, that's a nice big, solid piece, millions of years later, yeah it's been weathered into a bunch of soil and then, as as as its lost its composition, it can move more easily and when it moves is being eroded. So erosion is the

is the process of movement. The weathering is everything that leads up to their ability, for it to be moved yeah in weathering is important because it's your weathered landscape is gonna, be much more likely to landslide. That's why you see them in more stream environments we get like tonnes rain and like a lot of snow, maybe heat, cold, water and oxygen. Those are all things that impact weathering elles weathering and there's thirsty some weathering. There's mechanical weathering in their chemical weathering. Mechanical weathering is basically the material is broken down, but it room. It retains the same chemical composition like the rock right. was it still the rock, but it was broken down into smaller pieces of itself say by wind or something like yeah or water lapping against it. Now, if you had the pieces of pieces of rock

There were in water that ultimately, over the course of use dissolved it. It would be in solution, and it would no longer chemically resemble itself. That's chemical weathering right, so I give poor ass! It on your hand, it's gonna reconstitute into something else on the other and the whole that burns through it stuff ends up on the table is really the same thing as your hand. You just chemically whether your hand, while an extreme example, and then you talked about the constant state of movement on the earth. That's going at all times, and that's basically, if you're gonna have erosion, you're gonna have a deposit somewhere, and it's just a constant cycle on the earth of weathering, carried away by erosion and being put somewhere else right and in cases of landslides, the bottoms of hills?

yeah when we toward Guatemala you Jerry and I and or I should say me, we were at the sight of a landslide that had happened. I will never forget yeah. You know you could still see in the sort of jungle like for us that the soil, If that had been cut through your in earlier, because all the stuff on either side was all growth near and in the stuff that, through the landslide slow was yet was like. It was much younger, yes, shorter, like a different kind of green as well any they pointed out that we are like twelve feet higher than none space. We standing on values the of the old village. Here they were unable to recover about two. and fifty people? Yes, really upsetting air and a murmur their children were running round all these orphan children here, like they were just kind of they belong to the

the remaining village. Now it was really something else well, yeah, just when they said like you're like twelve feet, higher than brain just the whole land raised up, because this month's line here as well as ones I like you, can chew down for a while for you finally understood like the full gravity of it, even though like while, why was standing there is, like others is not yet, in the more I thought about a thick nuttier got so the sediment weeds. We talked about the deposition at the bottom of the hill. The sediment is known as talus rightness, the official word for it. Wait when it's, landslide, yeah, that's what's being carried down and with erosion. There are five different things that can act on it, which are water, which we ve covered and wind and then gravity, of course, which we mentioned, and then waves and glaciers, too and technically gravity is a part of,

them right, gesture, a part of all mass movement, but those five agents of erosion. There are different things they can trigger a landslide or mass movement and really, if you think about it, all mass movement is like a landslide, it's just erosion in at high speed, sudden and high speed erosion is, is basically what that is, rather than taking millions of years to move from here to there through winder waves or whatever it's just happens in a moment, and it happens on mass. You know my friend

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applying the mutton attended all right, so we mention triggers the landside always has to have a trigger. That has to be something to actually set it off right, even though it may be years and years in the making something finally pushes that button to make it happen, it forces gravity to overcome. Friction. That's right! One of the things that we mention already in the case of Washington was water, and that is probably the most common right. Heavy rainfall in California and LOS Angeles. When you see houses slipping off the hill in Malibu is cuz, they don't get a lot of rain and when they do things like that happen, yeah it's: either water saturating the ground and just making it so heavy that it flows downward or it gets down in between the

oil and the bedrock in just causes the whole thing. It undermines everything either way water equals Alot of movement. Earthquakes then definitely trigger a landslide. We ve covered earthquakes. He shook Ellison Anchovy evidence a good one, but you ve got the vibrating of the earth's crust and that is going to disrupt that friction pretty easily. Yet another big one is wildfires year, which you would think well how it a wildfire trigger that I'll. Tell you how vegetation the roots of vegetation can walk soil into basically a totally solid cemented state, and as long as you have thick vegetation on a slope, it's gonna be fairly stable when a fire comes through burns at all events, She had often burns the routes as well, leaving not only less stable soil but actual pockets in that soil to your nose kind of pebbles,

which makes it a lot more vulnerable, landslides after a wildfire yeah, I'm just guessing here, but I would guess a landslide could happen like even long after wildfire like if those routes die way which has become even less stable, and then volcanoes volcanic action is a big cause and there are a couple of different kinds of flows that can contribute to a landslide from a volcano. When asked pyro classic flow, and that is after the year dome has collapsed or during interruption, and these are super high speed. The clock them at four hundred fifty miles an hour fifteen honey Greece Fahrenheit, yet lava flowing out. You have four hundred fifty miles. I can't even imagine that, like going, I remain like seven hundred and twenty four kilometres per hour. That's easier there you go again. You just imagine for fifty miles an hour here, but I mean I don't even know what that looks like

the early one, an instant death near exactly and then there is something called a la horror which is the indonesian word, and this is it does it have to be during interruption, but it can be, and it is set up by water as well. It's almost always near Sunday, strata, volcano, which are like super steep cones and a lot of times is either a crater lake or its snow capped at top, and so that's the water agent odd times is the snow in it. It's sort of like what concrete, yeah flowing downhill, yeah it may or may not be set off during an actual volcanic eruption. It can happen anytime, yeah and its it much slower. You know twenty to forty miles an hour, but still, if you're in a golf, cart, you're dead weight and whilst not fast, it has a lot more rock. So it is one of the deadliest. A horror is, I think, because of justice. She, like you, can carry like a big, bolder

Yes, in the middle of that, what concrete pots of a volcano also assists? It's not very stable, because the composition of it is usually pretty loose rocky soil so you have you had water, it immediately turns slurry and when they erupt. They tend to shake the ground a little bit is what happened in the largest recorded landslide in nineteen He mounted hellenes near everybody does the eruption, but there is actually an attendant landslide does on you too. You can check out, as mere fact were, putting it step of just amazing, landslide footage there. Can check out on our website. Skirts of you should know that common took out that posters just a bit some crazy stuff that people just happened to be filming and all of a sudden, the earthquake,

is right before your idea, and one of them is the mounting hellenes irruption, where just the whole mountain is basically just melting in front of you. I remember that when the area avonlea- for I was nine, So it was a marine, oh yeah, slightly that when I travel it speeds of a hundred fifty miles an hour and again Washington State not getting a break destroyed, twenty seven bridges about two hundred homes miles and miles road and covered twenty three square miles: Bree, now's, mounting hellenes or you know the landslide another another frequent hazard associated with landslides is, I think about it when all of this is coming down, is coming downward in to a lower space, which is very frequently of valley, yet which is very frequently a river valley yeah, which means that the rivers dam now so it's flooding behind it yeah right. So you have a flood.

hazard immediately and then, if that river earth that damn breaks then you have a another flood hazard downriver, all of a sudden too, which is something that is going on in Washington right now. yet the same thing happen, and I think it's the most expensive landslide in: U S, history and Thistle Utah in nineteen, eighty four the same thing, happened there. It damned up these Spanish fork River and cause like it much more problems just because of the flooding and That was two hundred million dollar fix in nineteen. Eighty four dollars- and I was ignoring Reagan, was in office. So it's not too much different from the two thousand thirteen forty, no the submarine landside. We should probably talk about that is in the ocean, and that is you can you can have an earthquake

under the ocean undergoing a landslide underwater, which will trigger a tsunami yeah. I can a one. Two, three punch basically of natural disasters happening all unconscious there? Then? Actually, I don't know if this really technically counts, but seeing that bit triggered a memory of the lake Panier disaster in Louisiana and nineteen eighty tax code drilling in tenure and apparently they didn't consult the map closely enough in their using a fourteen inch diameter drill and they drilled into the lake bottom, which has on top of assault mine and they drilled into an operational salt mines and the late get sucked into the all right, I'll giant, whirlpool that took about like thirty to fifty of

surrounding acreage around the lake in Will into the lake with it polio. Eleven barges were sucked in the of water reversed. So it went from freshwater to salt water. It sucks the gulf into it for a second man and then a couple days later after they were like four hundred foot geysers as like these were filling with water in the air was being displaced loud and a couple of later after the water pressure, stabilize like nine of the barges pop backup in like went back the floating after being sucked down into this diamond mines crazy in that not in apparently about an average of it. It's its awesome. It's like it just the most amazing thing. I guess more amazing, and that is no one died, while One guy on the lake who is operate the drill he got all in there guy fishing on the lake, and he resumed his boat

to shore and made it like, while in far enough that he made it. I think three dogs died. Lake, Panier, p e g, any you are disaster check it out. I was all excited than any man crazy and invite up. There had to be some sort of erosion going on there and I actually it was submarine erosion, the most deadly, Landslide in the history of the world is was a nineteen, twenty and China December of nineteen twenty? It was triggered by an earthquake and as many as two hundred thousand people died in the holy cow in some of that was from the earthquake, but they said the landslide was responsible for most of the debts. Yeah, like I said in the: U S: it's like TAT, Five to thirty five deaths a year worldwide, it's more like four thousand years and then on on years, weathers, terrible earthquakes, it'll go up into the tens of thousands, and then there is there is a month.

Like for there is a mudslide and ninety. Ninety nine, in Vargas State of Venezuela that killed, like thirty thousand people, discovered a bunch of towns like all at once. It was a mudslide or mud flow. I guess well one thing I thought was interesting. Was there and I think Jennifer points out early in the article that, while in the states, we don't see a lot of deaths from landslides each year there, the most expensive natural disaster over? I think tornadoes earthquakes combined in this country, and if you will consult your homeowners insurance, you will almost definitely Ff that landslides are not covered. Yeah nuke.

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so, if you're ready to take action and prevent hairless go to K e p S, dotcom, slash stuff to receive your first month of treatment for free that keeps dot com flashed up to get your first month, free k, e p es dotcom such stuff, one by one. As a matter of maternity paternity. Well, I guess we should get to the point. Then that is us. Is it humans that are causing these things? Yes Ways not always know animals can cause it like. A goat can cause a landslide if it really is unsure footed yeah, but goats, don't blast mountaintops with dynamite, that's one. They dont De Forest. Deforestation is a big problem.

Road building and through the mountains, yet just think about it. When you have a mountain and you cut a road through it, All of a sudden what was once a relatively gentle slope. They are now too steep slopes on either side, aiming right at the road Leanna think everyone's, probably driven on mountain roads, where they either have chain link fencing on the side of it, which is scary enough or I guests, given scarier when they dont have fencing, but they have signs that say you know, watch out for falling rocks. Good luck. Pal There are things that people are doing, though, when they do build roads. They sometimes put in drainage pipes to carry way water which helps impermeable membranes, like plastic, cheating, so the king trickle down here retaining laws in and reforestation. So if you're gonna, clear cut an area you gotta harvest timber, maybe go back in there and train reforest,

plant, something very noteworthy drugs really sure. I can't believe: that's not a law that if you take x number of trees down you have to plant extra. Of trees in the number you plants should be more than the number you took another le, I'm quite sure it's not. We can't even get black box recorders ejected for an actual. Like fifty bucks, a plain remember, I remember this: A law for that hey, but here in Georgia we just past, allow where're, you can bring guns churches and bars, oh, I thought you were going to say that I'm actually rejoicing for another law. I don't know if it was signed in the law of the house passed in its on its way. It is now a crime to drive slow in the fast lane. Or it will soon be when they pass a law. What gimme some parameters? Dns called the slow Pope bill and if you are impeding the flow of traffic, not even if you're going under fifty five,

the forty five right there so aware that Georgia drives fast, yet it they say if you're impeding the flow of traffic. Even if The people are breaking the law undergoing the speed limit. You breaking the law by being slow poking, the fast lane, which is the most is law, any any city or state has ever come up with. Well, if he's dates right, if you carry Europe, the the left, loveliness for passing, like you shouldn't even be travelling in the lifeline right. It's supposed to be you go around someone right and then stay out of it. It's supposed to be that way here, too boy, it ain't! No! But if you got the chops you can travel firstly, as long as you're, not home people up the ones that are really like. You need go to jail or ones there just knowingly or like I'm, driving the speed limit. So right right, you don't own the road near Psych. Well, there's ten people behind you! that you're holding up so you're, the one who goes to jail now in charge, that's gonna be tough to enforce.

I see what our totally subjective near I mean it's like a cop can slowly up the car to enforce or not but yeah it still. I think it's a is a grand gesture. agreed slope oaks. Okay, so if you want to learn more about lane slides you can take that word in the search bar has to force that come. You should also check out geology dot com. They have a really great page, with lots of different sub pages on landslides, yeah and if you're in the area and have been impacted, we would love to hear from you never were thinking about you guys. Obviously I think we say search bar at any point. Yes, let me this time for listener mail. I call this Possibly the Unabomber is enshrining us we want to send out a note from the great north in listening since my body Adam may, the Lego podcast a few years ago, and since then,

been a fairly regular listener, but never more so than over the past few months, because last spring I move from Minneapolis too. You know Alaska, her job gardening, at a public, arboretum, cynical, we job I the lanterns well, I live in a little shack in the woods near my work about twenty five miles out of town, that a half a mile from my nearest neighbor, almost free of rent, close proximity to work and uniqueness of the situation. Is Drew me to it: I have no internet, I have no cell phone service, so every time. I the town I stopped by the library or coffee shop and download more of your podcast new stuff, an oldies, but good he said are still new to me. I have gotten into the habit of listening to you guys a most evenings while making or eating dinner and of some people in our town, but any interested using less gasoline and sparing my more or less meagre bank account. I spend the majority of my knights out here alone. whenever I do go into town or one of my friends mixed away.

Here I tell them about what arrive learned from you guys I listening to you banter in learning a lot of interesting new things is definitely help me keep my firm grip on my sanity, winter is basically wrapping up here. It was long and harsh. We had ninety six inches of in December alone, armies looking forward to spring and summer when Alaska comes to life with tourist, seasonal workers and long sunny days, but I still find time to listen to your good stuff, so keep it rolling I am happy. I decided to live out your this best, one or two beautiful spot and a good adventure, but would have been a lot more difficult without the company of you guys. You rule. we do well and that is from well and well at sounds like Michael Life, but he had loved to do that. It is you need Unabomber ask I could sands the bomb I could be the universe. Well, I'm glad you enjoying yourself with thank you for letting us know that were helping out there if you

we want to. Let us know that were helping you out where they live alone or are part of a Brady bunch, or something like that. You can tweet to us it s. Why s cave podcast, you can send an email to stuff. Podcast house therefore accept and, as always, hang out with those that are home on the web stuff. You should know doc. Stuff, you should know, is a production of Iheart radio for more pollution. my heart, radio visit thy heart radioactive apple had passed wherever you listen to your favorite shows

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