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A full show that this and it turned out to be great. Josh. I think it was his big initially and is just really, Of course, if you don't even know it, what how population works, might Mean feudalism, it'll be pretty entry. Welcome to stop. You should know how stuff works dogma are you talking about you jacket, Buggy Jurgen, that's right! Jackie invoke anew the pod cast Iron Josh Clark, clearly Chuck Brien's here and let's talk about point injunction, I guess it is kind of course, our hand chuck. Yes, wrote a punk and jacket and broken jacket shipping. So that's all that's on science jail a PM eastern time on Thanksgiving night yeah, you can see some pumpkins get jump, punkin, sketch puncheons yeah again, science channel the road

can shrunken starts at eight p m eastern time junk in itself started nine great thanksgiving that, yes, I chant on with the show yet shock, Have you ever belong to a population. No man, I'm like I'm totally independent screw population here, like the guy who lives on the com, unite yeah. Well, the jokes on him because a calm, you constitutes a population, that's right, the sands. Boring. You would think it is vital that it might do how population worth it actually started to pick up actually didn't know what it was even gonna, be when I saw how population works. If I were, you know its awesome, this is my idea. This article was, I finished it really. What did they? Let you read it? I don't know jerks, but the grabs through a good job with the grass roots classes. Robin asked button bright so arm human beings merits, Human beings tend to congregate. Yes,

we segregate interesting. That is an excellent just blew my mind, the good Lord Chuck well get back to what I was saying right. Unless you want to go, I segregation we're all gonna later humans, congregate, an segregate, but let's talk about congregation and that dumb for the time I would say, are early early ancestors improper, Eve and other species congregate cause their safety in numbers two and helps like with farming collecting water food power numbers, but even before farming, a hundred hundred gather religion. Bands of I think Thirty was about tops, they figured out somewhere along the way they groups of thirty groups of more than thirty there ten be a lot more hostility and minor group problems. Have you ever tried? It Macedon by yourself. That's an good point to theirs cooperation to make there's its. If

If you are farming in your crop, fails well you're, not standing there like lime entry yeah, you can say hey neighbour, a totally give you a favor. Of some variety. If you will, let me have some your green right, uglier chicken letter sure didn't trade, but there's a lot of reasons. People lived go so it's my theory that bull aggregate together, naturally, yes and then people out there who get their jollies by studying these groups of people they called demography demographers, so we have population natural or otherwise and lets say a natural population today. Are people who live in a certain state, Georgians right, that's where we so that you have natural populations in demographers study a measure and Look at things like say how many people in this natural population are Republicans or damage, or how many are occasion.

Or how many have how many live below the poverty line, all kinds of things you can study right by looking at a population and are the r r is this. Are these group segregated, like you, brought up? You know like if you study, where Different races are living where they living mingling of seldom that's, probably fairly harmonious place, hopefully right. If not, why are they living apart? How do we fix this because it's probably a problem to who knows, but Yes, sir demographers study populations, natural or otherwise? Right? Yes The problem is, as you very few people, the ability to hover over the earth and use whereby ocular vision to study populations by sight. Yet very few people, yeah, like three or four think tops. So where does it carries a statistic? I think so? Ok, Richard

measuring populations that you can talk about. How do we actually determine this gonna? Think yeah well, isthmus shows that was a good said. Wait, there's, always Josh one. By counting them literally like its counting every single person right and that is called complete enumeration. Yet remember. We talked about that poor guy who was killed or possibly kill himself in Kentucky the senses taker right out. Another suicide was a possibility. I thank cryptic email from some. I never followed up on that said that he he identified himself as a doctor and I think said that he was part of the group. That was the Medical examination theme and said that they suspect strongly suspected suicide. Really my problem with it is: how do you find yourself in duct tape How do you binder wrists inductive? Also later so my point: Why are you threw me off about my point that's where he was

call them enumerate her yes literally counter, and that's that the people who work for the same whenever they have their their drive and they count right and that's one way to determine it. Won't, let's talk about the senses, it it's gone on every ten years in seventeen, ninety right, yeah and the reason they do in every ten years, because its real pain in the ass account every person in America. Yet you the real reason they do the second, while the lottery but no revealers taxes that, the reason why anyone's ever conducted a said, a census. Yet, while plus data, they determine the number of house representatives for state based on population stuff, like that, all the others that to let me now come on taxes. Did you know that I think that the census information is kept sent kept secret for seventy two years. Yes, from the numbers of leave right? The public cannot see that information for seventy two years back when I seventy two, that's odd That is why I wonder if that was the average lifespan at the time or something dude, it's gotta, be it I'll bet, you're right, ok,

The other way Josh is to do something called sampling, and that is when Petitions use a mathematical formula to determine the minimum number of people that must be kept. And then may more play that out and basically end up getting a full relation and sometimes at it had noticed that more accurate than an actual headcount right You see that margin of error like plus or minus four percent I have a margin of error there whenever you're sampling right, because you're not actually going around asking every single person in America. Are you left handed to determine how many people are left handed policy of apartheid mission with thousand and some Decisions been like you need a hundred and do it, but do your egghead voice

You need a hundred and fifty people there, a hundred and fifty people and that are left handed and you can t smoke by that out to determine that. There are in fact how many people are sick. Ten percent of the people, ten percent of the population right by yourself as perfect use Paul has to be a random sample to be an effective sample any anomalies to do that listed as pick it up the phone book. I know and call people I know in that makes sense to a certain extent now well back. Then I made a little more sense. I would think you make it made less sense, especially if you're talking like nineteen fifty while it depends what year I'd say in the nineteen eightys, it was probably good way, but now their cell phones, people in college, probably dont, have a phone poor people who don't have found that all people it I've answer. So that's not a very good wages. What about afraid green writers, America, but that they now have fun point now allowed that I don't think they want em so soon

he's a little harder than it seems yeah especially come over the random population, random sample of the population, but ok so would suffer. Who talked about people? and where they live right, There are other ways to define a population. There's attributes of people have that we use to lump in the popular here is not just a geography when people think population It is not just a city, population or state. Yes, what relation aging and have a population? four continent, a demographic right. Location, of course, socio economic regulation. Let's talk about it, why would you even one and no age who cares? People are people young whatever right. Well, there's a lot of factors like take the baby boom, for instance after we were too while these babies are born. So there was a bold in the population. Dyslexic were Bulge Viana. Do the air carrier quota so on what

we'll show them, then, is why we get a vulture. So that means probably in twenty five, sixty years, there's gonna be some serious. Buying power rightly scars borrowing as much money as we can right now, but it also means in seventy plus years there Thirdly, they may be a medical burden and a burden on social security and economic. So, let's start borrowing as much money as we cannot now tell Cinema. Say my result there I like that and we'll get to bulges. Again in a little bit, yes to move on, like you said, Socio economic data right here what what by what they want to do that this one I found. I find this the most interesting of all data, You can look at a bunch of people who may be related geographically right. But other than that are related in any other way to end all Suddenly have this horrible cancer, and they're just so happens to be some packaging manufacturer, thereby what did you say

high tension wires sure which have been proven? I think tat, actually have any effect on people, not my built buddy, I'm. So I now all of a sudden. You have this information as thanks to your demographer friend who witten collected it up and down. You can say: ok, paint factory, you guys, but are given way some free paint or we're going to see you. Yet you were race, that's a little more hanky, because technically there is such thing is any difference in different races. Working empty. We use in using years ago and down the veto was interviewing the busy boys- and he was like my d. I hear you're dating a black girl. You know what's that like dating somebody from indifferent race, which is just ass, an eye to begin with, but error mighty going, there's only one race, the human race has like them, right that wise words might be those clearly before he was down with the irony.

I know that was at rock sorry rocks down with the Ionia their divorce. They also he's not down with her poor yoni. So you're races little hanky, but you can actually determined some useful things when you study populations of racism because of like you know it's important for people to be involved in their culture yeah into hang onto that pressure. I guess racial profile. You again, I don't know if I should say again or not, but it's hot, but an issue right there yeah, I don't know, we need talk about it collectively thats my answer for everything by anything get together and decide what we want to deal K while the other thing with Ray so as if there's a medical problem specific to that re. Second help out that exactly

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seeing the trail is yet there hilarious and available online. Now the gentleman is in theatres, everywhere January. Twenty fourth be sure to check it out: I'd say chuck. We ve got all these different factors. Yes at its variables and we use the word demographers several times. So we know that people study populations are the reasons why we say populations is to see how big it's getting here and I gotta tell you buddy. The human population is kind of exploded on this planet in the lead, several thousand year here. But you know what they're all reading me stats or a lot more people here way back when than I thought yet again favourable vote I'm fourteen. Ninety one,

Charles see man, yes, he basically points out that there is probably a hundred million people on the North American, the in the Americas. In fourteen ninety one, that's awesome, the which is a fifth of the world population, is way more than anyone thought here and the reason wise, because forty nine to Columbus shows up smallpox his ravages, both continents, and by the time the european settlers start coming for real there. His decimated seems like there's nobody there, while he had the whole genocide, two things you ever know whether Columbus I hear, his men used to like sharpen their knives, unlike the schools of live, and let live. Natives well, there's that, cause, genocide we talk about later on in the article, but theirs, violation that Columbus may have been responsible for like the worst, as genocide in human history, well by completely wiping out the the train out

no indian people, really in his vanilla, which is modern day. I think Katy and Dominican Republic and dates people say there only like five in two thousand and some people say there were as many as fifteen million at the time that were decimated to about two thousand decimated through violence or through disease. Yet through violence, because Columbus came over set up a cave in his annual over the forty people and then last came back trip number two and found that the indian there had killed all those people, so he went on a kill, crazy rampage, basically and completely wiped out the population and their scene. It may have been like double the size of the Holocaust, while so Columbus day, everybody seriously, but we dimension that is genocide is, is a way that a population can change rapidly. Will struggle, population, growth. Yes, So I guess about ten thousand b c: they estimate there's between one and ten million humans, so research

slowly grow because by one thousand BC, there's fifty million there and then by six hundred see whereas two hundred million see that's a lot more than I thought yeah there would be at the time there is about five hundred million in the mid fifteenth century crazy. So, let's go by say there said five hundred million in the mid fifteenth century, the twentieth century, the industrial revolutions happen. You have been great leap soon in science and dumb medicine. That populations really grow is during this big booms yeah, because it lends itself to fertility higher and fertility and longer lifespans get times breed. Kids, the twentieth century heads were at one point: five billion people indeed, and then century, the population of the world quadruple everywhere? Six Billy! I noted that side sounded like there should have been a drum roll, thereby man there was as either Jerry

but when there are producer Jerry, we'll find out later in Josh Airport, projecting the your senses bureau projects that by the year twenty fifty there will be ten billion people so the reason for this is what we call the malthusian growth model. This the mouth this was a eighteenth century clergyman yet Thomas he he! Actually, I guess, importantly became one of the great economic theorists. Am he figured out that? population grows exponentially right. So have one million people, and they have enough kids double the population, but the next year rating? You have four million people soon, one full generation from one million, four million people right right, yeah, that's that's big especially when the planet is finite, incise right and we we have the ability to go, colonise other planet yet right, but it necessarily that in criminal

and steady because of what we talked about, which are sponges or spikes and bottlenecks like genocide right yet so it doesn't always grows steadily and actually Chuck have you heard the replacement right now? The reply the rate, is it how many kids, a woman ass to have to her a high statistic, possibility of having a daughter answer that. In essence replaces herself gotcha and right now. It's two point: three three is the replacement rate worldwide and the point. It is the trend towards zero population growth right. If every woman who dies she has a daughter that can reproduce and and continue. I continue only continue isolated have overall many people dying is are being born. So there's no strain right right and there is also no dearth,

it is equally barium, remote region. This reminded me of when we did our big econ audio book, it's kind of population. Can it wants to seek it equally bring em. I think, like dislike Egon. Mix, does not in any doesn't always happen organically, I should say, probably rarely happens organically its thinking like you said, the baby boom war success in Europe and the USA and Canada, I guess- lay To sum up a huge boom in the population: nobody, went to war to grow the population. It was just an indirect effect, solves zone. We had a population spike. They created a bold bottles things can go the other way to right, which is a bottleneck right yeah. That's why we and efficacy genocide one more time we should do Pakistan, genocide, If there's a drinking, gave our agenda that genocide drink

famine disease, something called the plague I think, wiped out like half the rural population. One point the population of Europe they suspected in the fifth century- a b c, the plague of Justinian. They have killed as many is half the world's poor. Nation, a hundred million people humbly will hear magic walking around at that time, like wholly crap, the entire half the world is dead, yet just died. Last couple years, it's Craig, while in the black death, killed twenty to thirty million european there, so they can happen. There's also on I was, into an evolutionary geneticist, as is my way through the day you recently and He was talking about study he here authored. Where are they two evolutionary bottlenecks. Wine coming out of Africa, they suggested of fifty thousand years ago and another one that happened along the bearing land bridge right

and he wasn't saying like all of a sudden, a bunch of people died, but These bottlenecks turned up because big groups of people separate in small groups of people, which is which account loss of genetic diversity gotcha, so you have the founders effect because, as he put it, if you take if you go into a town and grabbed the first fifteen people you meet writing say: let's go found, a new town that town isn't gonna, have a representative sample of all the surnames in that town. Sure, if you do that enough time, some surnames are going to be lost by his people than reproduce. Whatever same thing happens with. In writing? Diversity, ass, a kid you get stuff, that's can I mention this place in Hong Kong? Yeah we're done, Well, we should mention population density is the or of humans per year area. Whatever unit you, you know you choose to call it and the highest ever is believed to have been a place called

cow, Loon, walled city in Hong Kong and at one point, Evidently there were fifty thousand people in a mega block, which is five hundred by six hundred fifty feet. Fifty thousand PETE stuffed in their enable apparently was a lawless district, the gravest her. So she called me fifty thousand. Who could conceivably get along yeah hands across Amerika style. Did you know the alarm in Athens when widespread panic play that free show? There is an estimated hundred thousand people there one fight really ask as IRAN dope the dope I wasn't. There were either I never got into them. Hang out with that, guy that, basically they schools yeah outcome a couple times. Just your friend two anyway that that no I'm sorry it it is now park. The wild cities to be yet, which is the opposite of the highest popular

That's exactly ironically system, for maybe the highest population of grass, but that's it here. But if we want to talk about audible, which just so happens to be the sponsor of the audible audio pioneer award at this year's Iheart radio podcast towards an audible gives you the edge by keeping you informed, inspired and entertained on the go that's right with the audible, app it's easier to get more books in your life. You The time you already have listen, while commuting working out doing chores anytime, anywhere. Audible has the world's largest selection of audio titles, including exclusive, originals that you can, anywhere else. They ve got mind boggling number of categories, everything from career?

in finance to fitness, mysteries, memoirs and all of the latest best sellers will you want to tackle the new skill or focus on your head? the itself or just catch up on all the new releases. There's no better placed to listen, then audible, you can be in a free thirty day. Audible trial today in your first audio book, is on us to get started. Just visit, audible, dot com she s? Why s? Gay or text ass white, ass, gay, two five hundred five hundred So what do we got? Your Josh we got the population control is something that we ve reference. For with our China. One child policy

about why you'd want to control the population. A huge group of people put a strain on resources when resources go away. You have resource conflicts like in not therefore again, genocide right Sadly, there are all sorts of problems that come from to many people coming They are living in one place because of the strain it puts on resources and resource allocation right, and yet you can control the population e g in state mandated reproduction bright. I e China right actually works, as as China shows, although much to the detriment of young people. Thank you check for that. Look not everyone thinks some people think we should add more people there, oh yeah, there's Japan is the in other countries. There is a problem of population decline, so we talked about the strain people put on area, that's carrying capacity which we talked about for that's all

from Malthus right that eventually human population is going to out strip. Advances in technology or our resources and were screw right on that, their side is shrinking population shrinking? What's the problem with that? Well, you know the population is shrink too much because you you need those hands to go to work and to contribute to the economy and to RO, the Green and so the flower, and all that good stuff, and apparently in Russia, Japan and Australia. The hive like little incentive programmes near to make little babies sure about that which is the way to go. Remember John followers famous quote when he was teaching Article about that programme and Russia is talking about Putin given away tv, a fucking had really funny here. The baby give a tv figure to be there. The reason why some of these places are seeing a population frank in our having to

give incentives to reproduce my started in about nineteen sixty birth control it, that's so crazy that it had an effect that much of an effect that pronounced have in effect was. It would seem like it with them. I guess so called birth control sure. Before that it was called to have as many babies as you possibly can write. It was called no control right out Clearly there is a lot of reasons to study people yeah. When we're like that, I thought it would because a lot of stuff to study thing. Indeed to find out whether or not we're going to kill the planet. Or whether people need to stop using contraceptives or whether you know what your chances are of Putin, giving you a free tv it's all in there. It's all them. Demographers know everything other for the taken. So when you're a phronsie friendly enumerate or comes knocking on our door, don't I check love your land with your dog or a gun right.

Jim some lonely. Maybe some cookies yet will check their laminate first, but oh yeah before you. Let him see oh h out if you're going If you want to know more about population, Mercury Graven asked Visa great article on the site is taken population in the handy search bar. How stuff works that harm, which, of course, leads us to listener mail. Georgians gonna call this turn because I think you have the owes a moment to give up this, I don't necessarily have to its listener male per se but I just want to give a shout out to a couple of fellow Toledo INS. One whose long time resident one whose recent transplant Christopher is asshole we're down until later. For me, even it real, he has officially lobbied congresswoman from Toledo to get me the key to the city how, within its yeah, so mercy capture. If you listening

If you get a key to the city, we gotta go for ceremony and at least want to get like a key chained to the city, and you can have the key. Ok, we'll see what we can do so yeah Christopher has officially petitioner he's. He suggested the third most famously alone of all time after Jamie Far Jamie far Danny Thomas Ojeda, great entertainer in me- and I was like African Katy homes, she's from Toledo issue and he's like Turkey, Kay. Crews, you know, is a cake, Kirshner Gimme a break in the same way, thanks allow for the effort Christopher. Even if it doesn't come to fruition. If it does, you will get a firm handshake, friendly's Sunday, choosing from me from this year will be going to families of goods, leader pressure, and I also want to say hi to calling who is a recent transplant. As I said,

Colorado. I believe who moves of rocket to leader. He moved to lead over a ten bowling green. You say you re at your falcons. Brother went there and are calling did so in an eighty, eight Dodge court.

That's having a couple of problems, one the rear, struts are completely detached. I and the actual is holding on by a tread. He says, and the mechanics didn't want him to leave and he took it in for a service there, like you're, going to die in this thing and the other problem is it has ants. He says you have heard of a car. Having aunt, I had any car when you can't get rid of him when they well that's by when you are living in the car, which was probably always part on. This is actually prior to that when I lived in the car, but you know it's, it's a real problem in Collins, basically just hit the ball and said. Well, I have answered my car. Now he loves is eighty. Eight dutch coal is any less leader is joining, went to Tony package, as I suggested I gotta. Try too. I also told to go to a rusty gesture with it is often also pay Christopher, hey calling you guys enjoy yourselves, be saved in Toledo again by my answer. The winner go my hands and thinks writing it, and if you want to say hi to me or check or both of us, checkers or Jerry Right truckers, Jerry Checker, I I mean checker me. Look at me. You can put in an email to Stuff POG Tat House supports dot com for more openness and thousands of other topics is: it has to be more exact com. One warehouse networks check out. I've lies on the house of works. Tat come home. Page text day will be

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