The future is closer than you think in it all starts in the palm of your hand, you may have heard the news five g is coming in the new. I heart series this time tomorrow, presented by T Mobile for business joint hosts OZ, Walsh in an care, a priest as they lead you through this exciting revolution in mobility. It's going to change the way we work! Socialized create learn and interact with the world around US tuna in here. Just how close we are getting to a more connected This time tomorrow is now available in the eye, her radio up or wherever you listen, podcast Day, everybody welcome, you should know, selects this is Chuck here this week. It's my pick and I'm gonna go go with how willpower works from February, seventh thousand thirteen and frankly, I'm picking this one, because I knew The lesson is soon again, because I have no willpower and so many to work on so angry get out again. I encourage you to do the same. Its pre need upsets,

you would go with how willpower works. Welcome to study should know from house to what extent hey and welcome to the podcast, I'm Josh Clark in sitting across from me putting on his of your Mama platform with what labour as Armand, actually yummy. Look at that plug right out of the gate, MRS Charles, the reach of brain thither. Nice lives. You get there, man! Well, they are now moist defied, like moist Bologna telephone were the two of us getting

As we are right now, and you have yourself said you should know the podcast, not this the progress, it ain't going nowhere, it ain't, gonna change, don't worry folks, the same as it ever was. If you loved the tv show, we thank you if you don't like it, hang out with this year online, not to be confused with our online presents our website or new webs the home of shale gas stuff. You should know that can't this is critical reminder saying words about this, because we got a new website and it's like its autumn, get video in and blogs and photos in all sorts of course, its author. Simon on the web really cool. I mean stuff. You should know that comets our website member with five years at the making. Yet so and then not to be confused with our twitter Handle asked why escape podcast net we confuse or their facebook page Facebook tat comes less sufficient room for your front, loudness one. Yet

All the way here is so check you doing good, you feeling. Well, I'm feeling great, but you know what you re to be done. No, I'm ready to talk about willpower, though, because it is a topic that I struggle with. As most people in the EU struggle with the topic we struggle with willpower. I think buddy struggles with willpower, oh yeah. Well, as a matter of fact, I think you're absolutely right. There is a very famous guy named Plato, famous greek philosopher, Plato, Plato oh, yes, not played a right and Plato decided was suggested that the entire human experience the sum of human existence could be.

Basically, nailed down with just this, you have a higher self and the lower software, and your purpose for living is to overcome the usually more powerful urges of lower self in order to fulfil the goals of the high self, I am dammit than a hundred percent. It makes uttering complete sense about the reason for living, but that the struggle man struggle earliest. Ok, yeah yeah, like that, if you were born, you are going to face that, but you gonna face in varying degrees because, as we found willpower It is what you use to get over your lower urges and impressive your higher goals. It comes in differing amounts for different people, different people, yeah in it in rural Amre, the original article from house to forks yeah from stuff the boy you mine,

he points out that we are at odds with our own nature, as we have evolved here on the planet, because in a week, craved sugary sweet things, because sugar gave us lots of energy back in the day and back in the day that and have little Debbie cakes within hands reach at times, so we're sort of at odds with ourselves and he points out sexually as well. We evolved to spread the seed and procreate as much as possible to ensure the survival of the species right, and nowadays you can't do that stuff or if you do You're a philanderer or a jerk or your spreading, does he's right in your public health nuisance, so we're at odds with ourselves with our very existence. Yeah it not only internally, but you make the point as a society is well, I mean society and evolution tussle, so you can make the case that society represents our high yourself, and you know.

What we are basic instincts that we have all too are lower selves here. So that's! What's going on in its willpower willpower that will get us over the bombs that come along in life, inevitably here and I think most evil relate willpower to things like eating or going to the gym or indulging in sexual proclivities and things like that, but its broader than that in general. I think it's the wilted, like Plato, said to strive to- I guess, do the right thing by yourself by others

society at large right, and I guess also how often you come up against their. How often you have to exercise will power because you, it is hidden on the head willpower, is the act of making a decision near your deciding to do something or not to do something. How often you do that it does depend on how you define the world around you here.

Like are these things? Are you surrounded by temptations that you have to ward off all the time and you're paying attention to it, and there are always closing in if you like that in your going to exercise your willpower lot? If you don't see the world is temptation given to him all the time you're not going to. If you look at the world is something that you can handle. You're, probably not gonna have to exercise your power too much, then either yeah, but it's all there. All. Those are three different ways of of living, and they all are, I guess, described by willpower and how you use it. It's good point, Robert makes a point that has backed up somewhat by sea, It's actually completely by science, the any puts in terms of a video game, which makes sense that if you were a video game, you have a well power meter that that will or meter is replenished in depleted on a daily, probably hours

basis and the more you use your parents are you know what I'm not gonna have that little Debbie cake, yellow oh power meter goes down and it depletes itself. So you're not gonna have much willpower, maybe for the next decision rights really interesting, yeah, that's pretty new. Our understanding of willpower like that is very new. The first I had a really kind of put it out like that was Freud in he basically said you, we this thing called willpower. We have an ego, yet that's that's what the the the Freudians associate with real powers, the ego go and your ego is this finite thing. It has a finite energy reserve at uses energy and therefore it can be sat and then Freud fell, the fashion and everybody just kind of stop. Looking at,

power that way, and it wasn't until nineteen, only six when a floor to state University, psychologist name, Roy Bow, Meister the Bower here he he figured out through this test using a chocolate and radishes. I believe there are you. If you are staving off temptation using willpower you actually do terribly, unlike at another test of willpower yeah, they used a persistence tests, basically puzzles that you have to just keep. Adding keypad has not submitted complete immediately and offered some people chocolate chip, cookies and other chocolate treats of their liking and offered other people. Radishes instead, which is not a fair fight. Red army. He really stuck the death, like maybe radish, shaved, ration, salad or something, but if all you're looking at is a plate of radish than I would take the cookie,

So what he found out, though, is the people who ate the radishes had more trouble completing the test. I ask as a guest ideas are using up all their willpower deny the cookie, so they don't have time for the test. Yet persistence, and there was also another kind of follow up study a few years after that by the eye. The University of Iowa, Professor, with the greatest name of all the faculty. Their Bobby shift and the doktor shit. I've had a basically tested willpower by saying this group's going to remember a two digit number and this group Skinner remember a seven digit number and every test their willpower by tempting them with chocolate, cake, packets and directorship found that there was the people who were using their working memory, the cognitive capacity to Remember the seven digit number had a hard time resisting so basically proves

that we use our working memory to resist temptation, and I guess it's something like reminding yourself yeah. You know at the forefront of your mind, not to do something, until the temptation pets. Who knows? Maybe I had a cookie yesterday, some man I can either today or we use our working memory to remind ourselves of our long term goals in the face of a short term reward. Well, that's one of the big keys I think yeah and that some robber hits on which is I want that could now and I know bikini seasons coming up, and you see me in a bikini touch. Not ready I will never get out of my memory working memory or other oil, a poker that the game plan that has been sort of what we're at odds with is the short term. I think humans, as a group tend to,

enjoy the short short term pleasures and if you truly learn to conquer that in in lieu of long term gain that's when you like your winning, is Charlie gene which ratings Other Charlie scenes know exactly one who is known to exercise the willpower. Now, There was a really odd person to do tat for that. But well, I think that's opposite. He was, he thought winning was the short term gain yeah. I guess that is so yeah really like when he gets recorded. But it's been, I think today might be the very day where you could get away with it. So there was perfect. I lay so with from all these tests like when about my sir put his ninety. Ninety six study, eager depletion Cohen, is the act of self a limited resource. It just basically kicked off the slew of follow up studies from doktor shiver and others, and one of the things that they found

was that you can kind of watch. People exercise were power on the old wonder machine, oh yeah, yeah, using memorize. They put people in and had them think about, I guess a sweet or health food right and decide between them. Caltech yeah here and they found that the venture, medial, prefrontal cortex lights up when you're making that decision when considering it, which made sense they? I think they kind of expected that yeah, but they were also support. To find that the dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex, which is located a little further back to her, that lit up as well. And they think that that was that would up for the people who made a good decision. Only thank you right and they think that that's may be part of Europe,

that part of the working memory where you like. Now, I can't eat that because, yes, that's tapping into that higher self goal pursuit, that's the dorsal, lateral, prefrontal cortex right. He did a nice job there by the way, aprons. We want to do you about the future of phone service, because it is here and it's called visible yet for forty bucks month all in get unlimited data messages and minutes on Verizon's forty LP network and visible, doesn't do annual contracts, they also do do shady hidden fees or foot. Phone bills, either when they say forty bucks a month. They mean forty bucks a month. Yeah and when they say unlimited data. That means unlimited data. They also don't have physical phone stores

That means no waiting a minds are dealing with annoying salespeople with visible. You can sign up by a new or bring your own device get help. That's a tap away the chat text or tweet and get better phone service all from their app or website. Without ever in your couch. Yet so are you ready to or more switch divisible then head divisible that come slash stuff and get twenty dollars off your first month of service and exclusive special offer just for stuff? You should know listeners that vision that come slash, stuff So the bomber also went on to say that he could. He compares the the willpower, your own willpower to a muscle or something like a muscle, and you can depleted like you,

If you overwork your muscles, you're just gonna, deplete your muscles and be worn out at the end of the day, or you can exercise that muscle and a healthy way and make it stronger in the long term right duty, this, oh, oh after reading this absurd realise that I actually kind of exercise willpower. All the time will you. I think you especially do so like, for example, I have a milky that are used to go, get the male right. Wikipedia our car gotcha and I had to go to the car and get the milky then go get the mail and it was called out yesterday and then on we back. I could have just taken the milky inside with me and taken aback to the cardinal son went to the car. Yet it is very cold, but instead I walked up afloat there's put the milky into the car and then went back up so you're you that decision and struggled with it, even if in a minor way. Yes, I did it specifically because

there is no reason whatsoever for me to do that, yeah rationally and as far as common sense, when there is no there's a purpose to it yeah. But by doing it, I basically exercise my willpower. It was something I didn't really want to do, yet it wasn't a big deal by it was. I could like doing that. Accumulates yeah I think you and I really different in that way. I see you as someone who actively works that muscle a lot on a daily basis, and I don't enough, and not that I just have no willpower, but I dont give it give decisions like that enough consideration that make sense and completely algae gauss go upstairs and though the gimmick after which

a sane person what kind of has it that thought. I think that put you in the same can't hear, but that didn't ensure that I'm making good decisions from now, but I mean, I think, you'll make bad ones, but it's good to self, reflecting a new idea can of its kind of fun like a game yeah I want you know it's like how Ramrod Street can stand you no brain on building too So another thing, robber points out from the science side of things is as far as giving into short term in favour of the long term. Is glucose, plays a part in that and I think they found that a quick shot of sugar unethical, A lot can sometimes stave off or build up that will powers. Yeah yeah. It's like a lot of you, talking about how we have like willpower bar again. Every time we resist temptation is depleted, low murmur. They found that a shot of glucose replenish is that willpower bar

so is that in lieu of like a boy really one that cupcake? But let me have the juice box instead, that's that irony of it is giving into that. Cupcake may help. You exercise your power, with other stuff later IRAN can that we're? Ok, but you I mean if you had something healthier, that will be the better choice, but the point is like any kind of shot of glucose has been shown to two to re up. Your ear willpower catch- and this is very much poohpooh at first. This idea, I think, my sir. This is really great article by John Tyranny and near at Times magazine it's from the August before last, called you suffer from decision fatigue are Buddy Chad loves this area. Proselytize. This article remember Alyosha, okay, this is the one, so I strongly recommend a beggar read it to go on, but in in it talks about Bow Meister like thinking that in a glucose has something to do with this, and it was proposed at first, because

everybody knows the brain uses. The same amount of energy pretty much all day long yet so that didn't make any sense like if you're, if your ego depleted in your your suffering from some sort of willpower fatigue what it by your brain studies in Samara, energy. Those two don't job right again with the MRI. What they found was somebody suffering from ego depletion from will perfecting who took the shot of glucose her whatever here their brains, lit up in areas, it had to do with exercising well power. So while your brain is using the same amount of energy using an indifferent places where willpower was fatigue and that glucose basically was like spinach to pop, I for that part of your brain, that's charged with exercising willpower interesting in the air. So if we carry on a package sugar with you at all times a month ago, in so doing also the in that same article eight, they talk about this. This kind of landmark study

is an israeli parole board, and am they found that you if you are a parolee and you came to Them- through it had been a while since a break or lunch or breakfast your chances of being paroled drop by like fifty or sixty percent if the Parole Board had not had breakfast yes or no, if they, if you came to them like right after things, get started after breakfast or after luncheon, your chances of being pearls were like fifty to suit fifty sixty percent greater than people who came to them for I dunno crime here like a couple hours later, I'm sure then he's the criminals thorkel feel pretty good. Yeah exactly so arbitrary and they what they found is it's not laziness. It's not like physical fatigue area where it like. You can tell you're tired what our brains do as they employ the strategy. Where you you are you become risk averse, like you, don't want to make a decision.

So you say you know, I'm just gonna pull this off. You're gonna go back to jail neck and grant you pearl, because that's risky behaviour to let you back out in the world and I'm just of me to any decisions today, but you're, not thinking there you say, parole denying. You have no idea why? Yes, it makes sense to you at the time, but if you had some glucose that same instance, you, maybe you may be like well yeah, I think you're ready to come back out in society. That reminds me of the ban rush Yes, that we talked about the work. Of course I remember this from when I was a teenager in other Lyric Amazon's it. If you choose not to decide, you still have made a choice: freeware area this from that's all, I think, on the original album jacket. It says. If you choose not to decide, you cannot have made a choice there. I hear my brother next, alas, that think me open.

Actually we ratify the lyrics back then India that Getty Lee dislike you know etched it out with it heads, but it's the complete opposite meaning. So it's interesting that at some point rush I guess said: maybe a band argument or something I M glad giddily one you that you have made a choice. Now you cannot have made a joint right, just shut up more play drugs. I always is weird. I remember hearing that the first house, like all may I blew me away yet Freewill can believe it remember them again. You, like a kid the name of the song, but it's about free- will hear how was it read? Marcela right

We are now. I didn't really fully get the arm. The Stanford psychologists, Walden Dweck, and that is the work sounds like him saying, direct wrong. I didn't fully get that that date. They said that people who have Wilfer willpower fatigue tender slack off when they felt their resolve wavering, but then people who felt their resolve was limitless, pressed on like that I don't get the point there. It seems like a no brainer, so yeah. I think I think it is an imminent. You may be looking too deeply eyes like what I was talking about earlier at the beginning, where, like, depending on how you see the world like you see, the world is like, like you willpower. So you can overcome in I'll you're going to last longer on tests and willpower, then somebody who is that

I'm feeling kind of weak today. I then you just gonna give in ok, so it is pretty simple yeah I thought was a dummy. Not only is it simple, I manage to make it more complex and talk about it at length, they do know that people generally there is some Jeanette component involve like. If your parents are super self disciplined, then you are more likely to turn out that way. I found that to be true from friends of mine, whose parents work like Super self discipline their kids, can it turned out that way to yeah? But I wondered in Robert makes a point in the article like: is it genetic or epigenetic? Probably both everything said he, my guess. We just chose not to decide

We cannot have made a choice and then the old marshmallow experiment, this Stanford, not the prison experiment, but the martian hell up experiment from the nineteen sixty is very famous one where they placed these tortured these kids, basically by placing a marshmallows. One of them in saying if you hold often meaning that marshmallow in fifteen minutes, you will have two and of course not me, the kids could hold out, but they found that the ones who did hold out for, Second marshmallow I went on in life to greater successes, at least if you count as a scores as a measure of success, two hundred ten points higher than the ones who child down on. Marshmallow and the ones you ate the marshmallow later on struggles with their relationships and stress and attention. So one of that has indeed with like

city, I wonder, is well. I wonder how much of our modern problems are really just crises, a willpower near. I wonder if there is a follow up to that sixties. Experiment has been a bunch, but there's one and at the university Rochester that was some carried out last year. That found we are more willing to exercise willpower if we think that, while we're holding out for is actually going to happen in a yes and they did that by this is all it's funny. Studies with kids are always there so cruel and funny. I mean not the really truly cruel whenever lazzarini psychological study. That has almost him. ITALY has some cruel aspect to hear, and this one was nowhere was no exception. Basically, they said the here's. A control grew Pierce, here's, the experimental group and the control group. We want to give you some extra our supplies, let us go get em and they came back with some extra art supplies the experimental group this

hey we're gonna, get you some more. I supplies will be right back and they came back. They like we don't have any more art supplies. We know you're really excited, but sorry you have to make do with their old red tape and then they tested them with the marshmallow experiment and found that the ones who had gotten the art supplies the promise hadn't been broken, they held out longer than the ones who had been lied to gather like screw. That you're not bring me to marshmallows out on this matter, all right now, exactly gonna. Kick you in the shed afterwards. How show you hear that? the on the level. What was that one? The one kid remember them that we talked about that tested on, like oh captain, closet, no they tested, fear, conditioning and gathered in the kid is little little out where they like they Could you re Bunny in Lebanon, Bang, I got it all with a hammer and scare the but Jesus out of

that's right- you know, like fear, rabbits like those, though the search for might need eventually found, and they thought So I don't remember, I wrote a blog posts, that of the republic. To whatever could it's been a while but yet they figured out. Who was pretty much so this? Is it on that level? Not just marshmallows? Yes it! So Oh there is one other point I want to bring up. Their thought was pretty interesting and horrible from that John Tyranny, article, where, with with decision fatigued with exercise willpower, disproportionately affects the port, and they think that, possibly now that poverty exists in a cycle, because if you are poor person, you have to exercise willpower and it has to make more decisions than somebody who has more resources, more money like say, you're, walking through the grocery store. You know

I want the soap and this food yeah. If your poor, you might have to say, I want both, but I have to just by one- and I have enough for both. So how much is it going to be, and there no power there their root there. Their resources of of will power of decision making become fatigued a lot faster because they have to exercise a lot more and they don't have the the resources to give himself out of poverty to indulge or to our legs daddy. Or do we do more than that they already have the deck stacked against them source wise. But then you throw in this this idea of willpower, possibly that's that makes it even more difficult point, a wreath of an as yet and it's pretty interesting stuff and make sure it makes you feel forum even more, and it makes me feel bad say do I want that?

but again ass, the cup gave us a chocolate. You know it disgusting, Gimme, those exactly well, you can buy both and that is take wonder somebody who's struggling in the grocery store, trying to figure things out. My Soper food. It's good idea,

problems its human nature to hate problems. But why is that, after all problems, inspire us to mend things bend things make things better? That's why so many people work with IBM on everything, from city traffic to ocean plastic, new schools to new energy flight delays to food safety. Smart loves problems, IBM, let's put smart to work, visit, IBM dot com, flash smart to learn more

you gonna salesmen. Now this is a good one. Yeah alike. Will parrots Fund go out an exercise in little ways it's fun or don't either that or scrap a car batteries? you guys, but this report. Okay. Well, if you want to learn more about willpower and read this kid article by Robert Lamm, you can type in willpower in the search bar at Howstuffworks, dot, com and it will bring it up, and, I said, search part was time for listen to mail. Before we do that, we need to say a special thank you to a fan of ours to help this out with our Wikipedia big, o nice thinking, and he was very cool and in his name and he's been mentioned on textiles, but only to over this guy's a star. In fact, your hope that against him in this,

he his name is spelled Ain. T r K S age yacht of why eighty eighty and he says you pronounce it own tricks, the tea ISAF, though, as in math contrition in truth, rigour, he fanatically spelled out. He told me what it sounded like a stocking quite to it. So we just want to say thanks a lot for help in his sympathy, Wikipedia Bitch, nice and now a listener male who that I'm gonna call that's. Why Can you get Ladys this from taught in Oklahoma, city, guys and Jerry? I've come to the conclusion that I may I owe you a big thank you for your part. Gases created the impression. Whether fiction a reality. And somehow a guy who knows about stuff with the ladys maneuver.

A friend in fact, dimensions as one of my winning traits tat. I am often seeing interesting things this really interested me, so I asked her for some examples of things that I say, and it was notable that every example that she sided with something that I learned listening to your five guessed at work. So it is quite possible, sir, that you and your podcast made my baby fell in love with me. Ice I'd like to shake your hands. Every single guy should listen, you're podcast, because it may least get you a second date that is tired from Oklahoma City. Who is banking on our knowledge to women in case you gotta go for another get going time before you were glad we can help in where Mary did so. We we live. I carefully through these emails I think it's great I'm happy for TAT. I don't mean I live by

seriously is my wish to know the details. Now I just mean, like that's great and glad someone out there is getting date, this gang, I love helping people find love connection as perfect. We should do speak gaining episode. In article one was in his pity me you're, my friend Peter you might be J here. Just texted me yesterday said hey this girl does what online dating he said. Putterer profiles that seems like a huge vanity guys data, yet they go down and all over the place mantra see if we have affected you life positively. We want to hear about it. Not negatively does positively you can t to us it s. Why escape? I guess you can join us on Facebook that council stuff, you should know you can send us an email to stuff podcast at discovery, dot com, and you can always find us hanging out at our home on the web stuff. You should know

for more on this, and thousands of other topics is, it has to have works. That com was your first musical memory for some or the first constantly ever tended penniless quest, love legendary, which group and those of the kind of questions I like to get. The answers to questions of Supreme was supreme. Is my weekly past parameters Supreme, sit down nerd out with her favor creators and thinkers and find out what makes them and you'll learn something into really good? Listen. The question of supreme on the radio at Apple pie, gas, wherever you get your blog.