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welcome to stop. You should know a production of Iheart Radio, hey unwelcome podcast, I'm Josh Clerk, there's Charles W Cute as Button Brian there's jerry SK. We rolling agenda this stuff. You should know the podcast Cupid, that's right, science, acute yeah I did about this one by one to do for a while. I now I remember like this one. The first thing you ever since made when we met in the office hug. You you, Well now we were in the break room and I saw a picture of a baby panda, sir, and I just started to melt yeah and you get a jerk. you ever wonder why you think things are cute here about their science. Behind that but we should talk about it, one day

mercury are, nor was it twelve thirty. years ago I myself together man, you really, fond into that aggression into accepted so chalk. Yes, Have you ever heard of Mickey Mouse. I know several eyes, but I've never heard of Mickey mouse. You only heard a model muck, yes, M, Ricky rouse. Well, let me Mickey Mouse sees actually the mask out of a very large entertainment corporation, called Disney They own Walt Disney World wide the land, I think BC owns them. They're they're affiliated with ESPN there very, very big, but they have this mask it's a mouse, seemed Mickey. It's weird he's kind of big, especially abroad, but if you look at Mickey

day, you think, while it's really cute mouse doesn't really looks like a mouse, is black and white, basically or brownish in black, but also his features are very much not mouselike. But if you were to go back and look at the beginning of Mickey, I think he's from the nineteen twenties late nineteen twenties in his early. Cartoons. He looked a lot more mousy cartoon mouse, but he did you notice, pointed features not nearly ass cute but then fast forward about ten years later by the time one thousand, nine hundred and thirty eight rolls around he's in something called the brave tailor. That was one of the shorts, where I think he defeats a giant or something like that. He looks full blown Mickey mouse, but he looks way. Cuter and they've done a few things too, and they have like made his eyes bigger. They made his features round, or less pointed he had big gloves and big shoes. Now is kind of plump and oversized

features and any had gotten cute and the scientists Stephen J gold who really do zone episode, like Carl Sagan, does just really interesting dude. He said that Disney in his animators had stumbled upon something there the zoologist mythology, Conrad Lawrence termed Kin, can schemer. I think I got that right. Right, yeah Cancun schema the very nice but years before Conrad Lawrence ever did that they had just kind of naturally figured out like this We weigh more appealing. If we, if we exaggerate these particular features, and it turns out what they had done is make him literally cuter by the very scientific definition of acuteness. Yeah so learns, was an austrian scientists in the forties came up with this, and this made me feel quite good about myself. Actually looking over this

about physical qualities that in it, just a person Gimme an animal is, will see. A lot of this is animal based, but these things these traits that would vodka positive response, a very strong positive response and they are large head and me, hi, protruding forehead may have always, The other five has retained its average. Large eyes toward of average chubby cheeks bingo. Oh, you should make the cheeks make your sonic appearance very nice been years. Those moist, as ever everyone chubby cheek small, knows I'm an average knows small mouth and chin average short thick extremities actually have sort of skinny legs

carry my weight between my Jenin, my belt hooker plump body, shape bingo professor, I am scientifically have cute, you are very cute, I mean that's, definitely did not even up for debate really I used to get killed by the Ladys, not handsome, but cute there's ITALY's. I saw there dumb Paul MECCA me hated being known as the cute beetle cowardly for the same, in the same differences that you just mentioned, probably, but that that they like what you just said. This list you just you just dumb me rattled off that is Lawrence, is king, can schema were baby schema or Venus, which is basically like. If you put all these things together, you have, of what amounts to what we humans consider cute and you can extrapolate like you're saying not just under bees but onto other animals, assured until not cartoon character. All animals really

you either have these things in your regarded as acute or you don't and you're, not exactly out. It's really good point that you can you. Can you not have you can also lack it and that that has them Juliet's our response to whatever that thing is and it is also important to point out that this is that these guidelines. Scientific, of guidelines and truisms, but not across the board like some people. Beauty is in the eye of the Beholder acuteness is sure to some people might get a baby why don't you just some sort of weird Gillian thing that has none these streets and they get super cute as well. Right, yeah yeah, it is kind of subjective, but at their does seem to be if not universal, a widely tapped into sense of what's cute and what's not only mean yeah

So let me rephrase the person the things the baby lizard that has none of these traits is cute. They probably also think the pandas cute right. You know I am right either Paulina discuss it'll just totally turning off the dirty ugly baby, gettin yeah it so so. Lorens was he compile this list basin is observations. I guess from what I read like this whole study of countenances pretty young as far as scientific investigation go so you know we're still figuring it out and still do the thing is it goes along some other stuff He's involved are fairly suspect. But there seems no you this and this kind of general, except in similar ends, is kindling Cancun Schema, which is that it was just it. So it's so obviously correct that, from what I read, some people haven't even investigated, which is good and bad kid. I'm Lawrence was a

a behaviorist and actually we met him first in our animal imprinting episode, which was a good one, Miss rider. He studied that, but he put this altogether too Eddie, behaviors and boy you studying is exactly how babies git adult humans, who may not even be their parents to respond I'm in a way that that adult wants to take care of that baby and what he, what he came up with. Was this Cancun scheme as key witness what he said unlocks innate instincts in humans? That basically trick yours like automatic behaviors like oh, I want to make sure that you stay alive, so I'm going to go, find you some food that kind of stuff yeah. Responds to helplessness at birth. Others, correlation between how cute you look and how? How little you can get buying your own in the animal kingdom,

most mammals are borne very small, very helpless many months, sometimes weak, sometimes months, sometimes years of care, but or they can go off and going to do their own thing. That's called L trivial. What to take to being born, helpless, url, trivial, yes, If you're out trivial, you're, probably almost one hundred percent more cute, then an animal that has borne the Concannon run right out and do things on their own, probably not ass. Cute, that's precocious, altricial in for Kosciol in the thing is, is like it if you stay, back like it is so easy to just overlook this, and if you really start to think about this keenness has been this adaptive. I guess evolutionary traders dispensed hiding in plain sight, until Lorens really put his finger on it, but if you sit back and think about it, there's no there's! No a neat or theirs

reason that a baby has in and of itself to evoke a response in a human, even its parents, to want to take care of it but it needs that because it is an owl trivial species, humans are and all species will feel just die out. If you don't, care of a baby, and, if enough, These die out, eventually, humanity dies out, the species dies out. So it's an adaptation to make. Somebody wants to take care of you, and that is what Lorens figured out the keenness is that trigger there. We find babies cute it makes us want to take care of them, and that is one of those mine blowing things. I know yeah. I mean if you look at human babies, human baby, you're born pretty early and their development like, if I may, Being equal, human baby should probably be borne six months, better than they are now, but

Not human babies come out very early. They come before their little funding or even formed a ghastly. Thinking lot of care. The there. their born, that, like human babies our small, so they can fit out at the birth canal. Their little noses are cartilage, so they don't you broken on the way out, like you know that Baby should have larger heads and should have like NUTS but you know what I'm saying they formed like strong noses. they wouldn't be able to come out of a lady if that was the case yeah because our brains are have developed to be so big and our craniums have developed in in response to that. They're like we're, but evolution airily speaking her or developmentally speaking were under developed when were born, even though We would have both been born. It like a normal, normal gestation period for human com

the other species, like the cure, this kids out a little. This kid hasn't baked fully in I'm saying, and so that really makes human babies even among in no other mammals that r L trivial super dependent on caregivers to make sure that it survive. Yes, I, like a human babies head, is really large, compare your body, and these are you know these- are some of the the cute traits that we mentioned earlier on their eyes, you know your eyes, We grow your eyes are about the same size. I didn't know what to do here then I will you look at some babies. You, like lookout huge their eyes are yeah is just as their own tiny face it makes sense, but I do had never known that you're born with our eyes. They rightly the size that they're going to be when you grow up. Think of Europe. work amount. They can beef up a little bit, though ok linking We mention those tiny, little noses super cute and very bendy. Their little baby, cheeks and everything soft seed and get out of there birth canal

you know, formula and mother's milk. Keep you kind of chunky in full, you know what is going to put a baby on a diet, The skin is released in soft. So you know, if you go through a big growth spurt, it doesn't mean I split open heights as it does in any other way. Babies move it's just very cute. Their babies are awkward their clumsy and they don't like Have the definition to like manipulate these, these muscle groups very well, yeah yeah, it's awkward and gawky and super Q. All this stuff together is cute to us and it raises the question like: did: babies evolve, human babies evolved to fit our definition of Q. No, or did our definition, We have seen both a really nice I've seen both. It makes sense that, like our definition of what's cute and what we respond to his cute would be based on the average human baby. But you can also

Hake, in average human baby and tweak like digitally a picture of a baby in tweak it to maximum cute. And so there is this other idea that ok, maybe originally, our idea of kindness was based on baby features, but the cutest babies would logically get the most. spots and would be the best care most likely yeah than would be the most likely to survive. And thrive and go on to reproduce. So it is entirely possible that we have a speech. Is a species have gotten cuter? over them over the yawns because of selection of it for the cutest babies well and that's been critical to our survival. You know it When you see something like that, when you see a baby chick you, your instinct is to pick it up and cradle it and make sure you know that it's a tree branch doesn't

on it right and the same goes for babies, yeah big, they sure a lot of the same similarity the same. Can king can schema at which they can was in their wish. I was just condense. Chemo called that then I to my mind, getting there all the time. If we do, we do it, usually not purposely by that same set of trade, can apply to other animals. There is like you're saying you know, animals that fall into that sort of traits appear cue to us, want to save them. We want to take care of them like a little baby giraffe his huge eyes, its features are kind of small compared to a larger adult drive which even a dull drafts are awfully cute. But one of the things that had a baby draft is gonna get with its hobbling around trying to stand up that for him. They hit you with those little gulags. Look at you.

in that reminds us remind some very ancient part of our brain of human infant. You know we're like developing its motors skills, so it it seems like it's, not our brains are confused, like you're, not looking at a baby giraffe like look at a baby You may not love it. It's just. It triggers the same part of the brain that seeing of human infant does, because it at sea said of characteristics. Yeah like there was a study. I found a middle class from two thousand nine were signed, reported that people in this that viewed really cute images of puppies and kittens perform better in the game of operation. In a way, I think his game, then people. He saw less like that's all pictures of grown up dogs and cats, myself this innately triggers this care response is really really interesting, yeah. So what

lorens called their innate releases that that you, you see a cute baby in the acuteness axes and innate release her, which triggers a set of inborn in eggs in every human to take care that baby and now apparently hasn't necessarily bore now, There is a lot of or there's an increasing amount of, Communication about how seeing something cute affects the brain, and I propose that we take a commercial break and then come back and talk about their afterward agreed will be right back. Hey friends. We want to try

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as Y S, gay, and stuff you should know, I'd like to talk a lot about stuff people of heard of, but don't actually know that much about like sue, sheer saunas or even super spreader events in your something else. You might not know much about sales force sales force will have a whole episode to explain it, but basically goes something like this. Sales force brings companies and customers together, not physically together, of course, but it brings together digitally which is pretty important these days. And what else should you know out? Sales forces suddenly called customer three sixty that gives the people and companies different teams like sales service, marketing commerce. I t all the same shared view of each customer, and that means two things. First, whenever a customer talks, if someone from those

games. They feel it they're talking to one United Company and second, the company's employees have what they need to help customers, no matter where their working, so that's l, sales force, brings companies and customers together, one another, even more just visit sales force that gum slash three sixty because a commercial break sure he's nine agenda and surveyed flacon after school special so I think before we dive into what you're talking about. I do want to mention that, though the wolf puppy thing, I thought it was pretty interesting is that there is an example of evolved trade. the human brain that triggers that quietness response. When you look at wolves, wild wolves, apparently and the

were pre dogs. Basically right. They don't have this muscle called the here we go with some latin. I guess tour angrily, alkali many Alice. You just made a demon appear at my God. this muscle they dont have in their eyebrows and apparently that is the muscle that can make what we think of ass puppy, dog eyes, dogs, they came later did of all that muscle and then we're for it because it made people melt inside So that's why walls, which is dressing. Like walls have that sort of scowl, they can't help it. But then I looked at Wolf, puppy pictures and it's pretty cute but maybe it's not in the eyes on it now yeah. I don't know what it is either, but that I think that raises a really good question that also took kind of points out like this. This research is still very young in theirs contradictory.

Asian coming in and a lot of it is based on intuition in that kind of thing. But there are I'd, like you said, there's that There are people walking round who think like that baby lizards super cute, I'm saying like it: it's not tiredly, universal and If you know maybe those wolf puppies have some other traits I have. Nothing do with the eyes that that the hijacking your brain to the point that stands out to me is that that that carry being instinct, that Lorens pointed out her whatever whatever weird brain pathway we have that's triggered by seeing some in you is that it extends beyond humans, and I think that I of that, that makes humanity as a species like that, much greater. In my opinion, there are like that caregiving impulse can extend beyond human dignity. I mean that explains pets right there like we would have pets. If that wasn't true

You know I mean we'd, have a guard dogs or something still, let you know not a pet. There will be german shepherds there. Be nothing and they all be means is snakes, and we probably have snakes too that road, the german shepherds Ethelwyn, be pets, a baby snakes. Not so There is also the weird thing where something is so ugly: it's cute as a young thing. Ok, sir! There that's a japanese term we will talk about Calais later, but there's something called Chemo Kuwaiti, which is go gross cute, how interesting yeah they they ve got. It there's something very like the Germans, but further east they have like a name and determine idea for everything. You know I will Pinon that because we did promise the science of cute, so we're gonna have to look at We need to look at the brain and actually what's going on there and they ve done that, of course, They ve put people in the wonder machine and they have shown people here's a baby faces to see what lights up and when

happens, you get a really strong, immediate response, and, how the orbital frontal cortex, which is where we regulate our emotions and our pleasure. a really really fast response. One seventh of a second and take long when you see that baby or that puppy, Whatever you note, it doesn't take longer. to immediately think I need to care for that thing and hold that thing yeah, because so that orbital frontal cortex apparently has something to do with their reward system. So your attention is captured very quickly and you get a little burst five of pleasure again seeing that that Q baby

is another thing to that. There had that came out of that two thousand nine study using operation that all of a sudden, your attention is very much focus, and then you can complete tasks much better or at least remarkably better than you could without seeing something cute. So it really does suggest we, Have this inborn pathway to respond as something cute in a pleasurable way, with warm feelings that trigger inability a greater more focused ability to do something like our example care care for or feed a baby here. That kind of thing, that's that seem to be borne out like Laurens, is innate release, her seems to be being discovered. by Neurology right now, which is interesting though, because for baby is not in my eggs. Something you need that kind of focus for of not like putting together

a little model house with tiny pieces of furniture. Mr psyche hissing alive but maybe maybe that's like come rather than being like a united oh brother break the law, the lawn and stare great go in these. You stop in the Bay Modal regularly. As you know, I'm saying like here your attention to the task. and write a little more focused, so you're, less distracted, yeah, that's what I'm gonna focus sure. Luckily it doesn't take much brains, cause slot and non smart parents out there. That is true so then the response that speedy response in the orbital frontal cortex, when you see that baby a minute, and both have that same spike, but I think women report stronger caregiving, which they chalk up today, gender roles, basically, and necessarily anything to do with the brain itself, yeah because the same is light up for men and women of gas to the same degree as a self reported is different right, right and

apparently also like this. This is not just some parents to experience this like a human being Will earn typical human being will experience this yeah any that's the thing we're like as an adopt apparent. You know this. My daughter is not my seed, but I can't public. but I can't I have nothing to base it on, but I can't imagine a stronger connection or a stronger instinct to care give, and- So it's an an important trade. Clearly because, like you seen movies, where people find like a baby like abandoned by the dumpster and that you know you run out- and you know, I suppose something, might do say, call it in and say: hey, there's a baby, we're not going near it, but humans. Inclination is to run over and pick that baby up, thorough and right up in something warm here and then maybe the cops are whenever right in, like.

so they run over there like that. They get as an urgent thing that that your brain would just be like get over there right now. The helpless thing out, thereby dumpster, let's go get it yeah that apparently come probably more from the baby's cry, which I guess also ignites like the same kind of pathway as acuteness does, but it's a different is slightly different. There's not necessarily reward. It's more like urgency and they call that a biological siren which which would you know get over there really quickly, but it's not necessarily because you saw you know you, you thought about how cute the baby is in those swaddling clothes right sounds deftly important, like that same study, if you hear babies, laughter or even as the smell of a baby, you your brain lights, up in the same way, yeah so like that were presented with the entire cute. package of everything that has great about bays night, sound smell them

really deeply manipulative. I think this is what you meant to take away from this episode. They are those tat, tiny, little monsters. It wasn't like, take care of me for eighteen years. And possibly beyond, if I'm genetics, the exactly, the genetics or millennials. I don't know if you There were plenty of joint exercise that lived in the basement right, you totally right, or maybe that's every generation, but we weren't coddled as much boy illustrates the boy. Yes, it was move on from that Here's another thing- and this is the satisfying ever- yeah, when they did this study, that that brain activity was diminished when they were shown. Be faces. that were had some sort of facial disruption like a cleft palate, and that is, really one of the saddest things you can imagine hearing yeah,

because I mean, though it there would account, for you know what I was talking about earlier about how cute MRS selected for that there is this like by no one all of their own budgets through you know the evolutionary process of these, these neural connections were one that are ready to make like wanting to respond to something cute, if you're is ended with something that doesn't quite line up with that king can schema. that babies going to have a much harder time, giving that same response from Somebody then just a traditionally to baby while it is Israel, its store narrowly said. I think we need to do in opposite on cliff palates to that that stood out to me and we haven't done a year or even worse, and you known ancient times those babies would be walked out of the woods and laughed you now yeah for sure. You know God. Car Laurens patently said that the cue

it all you nor Kubi mayonnaise. So the doll that's based on. If you take a look at its face there, and Lawrence as opinion. That was the maximum exaggeration that you could reach of Cancun Schema before violating it, and afterward. What was beyond it was a boy you wasn't coined at the time But what he was talking about is basically an uncanny valley. Like there's re, your brain would start to be liquid. There's something something is somewhat out of order here. So if we there's like a really apparently there's a set. A package of traits that make up what is considered Cute straying outside of then this kind, violated in some weird way violates like this. This pathway that were were we seem to be pre programmed to have no man, AIDS is gonna, make an appearance I die did because I saw the cue

thing, but before that I had no idea so acuteness, can activate other parts of the brain is not that super, BT response. It you get in the orbital frontal, cortex right So if your parent and have a brain, you're gonna go undergo a really kind of slow change as you. parent and, as you take care that baby and bond with that baby. Grow into infancy. You're gonna do that trigger acuteness, but it's just is slower response and more complex. far as your actual brain activity goes in support. Lee that co evolves with the keenness of a baby like a newborn babies. Just yes, but like you, a baby Suggs months that same baby. Yet you have to admit it's pretty infer when for a baby to be Q right out of the room, yeah, generally their little alien, lizard type creatures, sure, but wait six!

that same baby is going to look awfully cute yeah. You know em within right and within that six months you- going to have developed more sophisticated responses, caretaking responses to their babies keenness it's pretty interesting that, like face they both started. around the same time, the baby, certain hippy keenness and the care giving stuff feet becomes more more sophisticated, goes from? I need to keep this baby alive to you know what college is this baby? I'm gonna get this baby through college kind of stuff. start. Thinking about that right and that sort of brings back where we talked about earlier as like that that empathetic compassionate response When it's not even your child, yet very bore when it's not even from the same species right, Then, in like you're saying you know, people tend to rate this.

Sees that are most AL. Trivial has the cutest because they need the most help, so that pathway can be hijacked by humans, human babies and other species, as well and by people who are trying to sell. You suffers we'll see That's Bridger joining a right, yes Genk. He said, I can take a break and talk about Q digression, something that the were pretty familiar with red. After this,

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Monday dot com for your free, too weak trial teams are more productive when they work together so tap into the magic of your team with Monday dot com. go s all right, so I thought it before in the past, about my wife, Emily and when she sees puppies in babies and other cute little things she she says stuff like I want to I want to punch their baby in the face. I want to squeeze the life out of it. I want to. I want to eat that puppy. like some things that sound, genuinely horrific yeah, maybe I want to put that baby in the face. That's it! That's a dive, see that somewhere, but it's a thing

It's not just her. It's an actual thing. It's called cute aggression, When you see something- and you say I you know- I want to put that puppy on a plate and eat it and witches I, like you, said it's very weird when you stepped back and think about it and it actually it's a very recent investigation like they think too, doesn't thirteen, as the earliest I saw in one of the people who are leading the charge into studying cute aggression is Clemson. Psychology steamed Oriana Aragon in she in some of our colleagues, have really kind of our our stab wishing this field of cute aggression, and the reason why Aragon is a pretty good social psychologist to be investigating this cause. Her specialty is dimorphism expressions, which is contradictory, emotional indicator yeah. They don't

really seem to go together, but do because it's just so common like tears of joy right. or nervous laughter that kindly and out of England, and it seems that Cuba russian kind of falls under the same umbrella, yeah it's interesting because you say you're a great cuticle then we ve got a name for it That doesn't really explain it though, and it Spain can like nervous, laughter or tears of joy it may be a way of regulating something this just too overwhelming. Emotionally, yes, They study cute aggression. They show people the cutest pictures of the cutest things see how the brain responds and P who had them the really biggest cute aggressive response. their brains are lighting up, but your reward, system is also lining up at the same time right, but they take a vote, of an overwhelming reward response like you're, just its intolerable yeah,

So the idea is that your brain brings you down from that by mending like not complimentary, with the opposite, a complimentary you're, a big jerk, that that kind of that kind of emotion like anger, aggression or hostility, or something like that year- balance it out and bring back down, because it makes sense that if you were sitting there. Experience overwhelming q overload like you for you might not ever get around to feeding that baby. You might just be sitting there like It's your tongue hanging out. As I read about drooling yeah, it's because, like a lot of times, I've heard a lot of other people say this, but, like Emily will say like this one, a squeeze out baby and that's followed up with. I can't even take it, rarely get, is gaining and take it with his goodness, like that's, that's literally true, like your brain, can't even take it down.

Q. Aragon came up with away to measure cute aggression. By using bubble, wrap your this didn't quite understand this. She would give Bobo, wrapped people and children different pictures in the pictures that raided the highest in cutaneous, evoked it led to the largest number of bubbles. Papa said, the idea is like, if you see something cute pop bubbles, just like here hold this just find yourself bobbing them? I don't know. I don't know that I dont know. Actually to tell you the truth. I fear I think more. It's meant to be like an unconscious thing. Ok, like units must be like This is an eighty bubble kitty out short, nothing like that or is this like you look down you like all my gathers. No more bubbles left this. That cat was so cute kind of thing. Ok mix

I saw another explanation for cute aggression, and that is a response to a frustrated desire for caregiving somewhere. Where you want to oh punch, their baby in the face by you know, you'll spend a significant amount of time in jail. If you actually do that, he actually write like that's that's where they would come out like like that, you can't do, it It's not your baby. They go snuggling cuddle and take care of. I can't even puppy. You have to do it from afar exactly, if they do from afar, so it it comes out in this mixture of cute response and aggression. Or aggressive words, or you know that kind of thing: that. Also Canna dovetails with acute sadness. Right, which is again Aragon, coin, that term as well. Where you see, puppy and a window, and you go oh, no or ah or make frowny face. That's when you see lot when you see something really cute.

Theory is that, unlike what you're saying like that, puppy is, is, is in the create at the adoption place and you can't get to or it's just walking down the street with somebody and you're deriving your car and you can't get to it. So your expressing a kind of frustration that you can't get out of the car and squeezed the buggy right, so you have to Squeezer sphincter instead, but I guess it comes out his disappointment though yeah yeah in it would seem to be a roof of frustrated irresponsive frustrated attempts at caregiving you're frustrated desire to care, because you see something cute and your caregiving instinct is triggered, or whatever you want to quality. I don't agree with instinct nothing you can do about it. Cause you're driving in thy things go the other way, so you can't do anything that to take care of it, so you have to get that out How and it seems like anger and aggression is a good way for it to make it subside quickly.

Yeah or again again, I really want to point out here this is this- is intuitive stuff. She was not stuff words like this study backs a sub in this study backs up from what I've seen every single study keenness include aggression, involves about a hundred and fifty college. The grass it as yours year study. Malaysia and their hopping Bobo Rapid suffer greatly, could still very early in its research, but it does make a lot of sense. You know but that doesn't necessarily mean that's. That's accurate, yes, take them. Take out the greenest if in whatever that means, it's also a man, knocking the study. But it's also, you know, let's be honest, if not the most important thing in the world No, no! It's not like interesting to understand and makes for good reading on an internet article yeah, but

It's not driving like it's not solving a problem you norms in I. Suddenly feel like were standing in the middle of a vast glass house and we have rocks in our hands a boy to talk about, I mean that's. What makes a man this is perfect, podcast, fodder for sure, but I'm curious. If this could be applied at all, I don't I think maybe it's one of those things where it's like now this document it is understood to understand humans, little mortar and maybe it'll open some door to some other thing that we hear you realize was connected in others, value that you know that yeah, but I totally agree with what you're saying here, but I think you ve been. In the other direction. Nobel prize, oh good, go to send their way. so you mentioned earlier about using the stuff to sell things, and that is for sure. True, you can't, I mean look at any picture. Disney cartoon, anime. Certainly you're gonna see round

babies and you're gonna see huge eyes. When you see pamphlets that are trying to sell stuff or or try to get. You did an aid to an animal cause, children's foundation, they're, probably gonna, put a bit b or a puppy on that cover. That has the biggest round his face and eyes yeah, it's manipulative, but mused for good generally it yet It's almost like come using music in ground of an ad. You know they s purposefully, hijacking, a very ancient neural pathways that basically all humans have to get emotional response out of your positive emotional response in my head. thing to do with with what they're trying to Oh, but you you're now associating

a pleasurable warm feeling with you know, mister sparkle, dishwashing, detergents, inner when really it's just a joint venture Much more a fish works in tomorrow. Heavy manufacturing concern like made Dunham, they done studies and like anti smoking campaigns for teenagers, and they respond more too. cartoon characters that are cute. When sounds a little, Joe Camel. If you ask me, is like the opposite is true, but it does make like Atinas, might respond to a list it is like a penguin in a jacket report. then you know some adult human like point their finger at you, John Housman Roadmap. Thirteen's, don't smoke hurt so yet also makes you think, like you know, since so many cute told

These are so many toys are cute when you're buying like a plush animal has. Are you risk Funding almost like it is same way to your cue caregiving response, just being manipulated like you're, going to take this stuff animal Homan in and give it care because it's just been activated in you is that right, is that seems to be what's going on when you, when you're, when you boy I like it, a toy like that. I think so. That's interesting, because then, if you know you see people walking around like that. You, like our is you ve, just been manipulated, congratulations kind of near by also you can make the case to and I read a guy something by gaining Gary Jan Asko, who is the Canada Research chair in Techno Culture

at Lake had university in Thunder Bay Ontario, and he argues that the same thing that code that commodified nation of cute say like by Disney. He also argues that National Geographic magazine was big in integrating people in involving caring about animals in nature. They really use keenness, especially like the fifties and Sixtys. I guess that it it forms our understanding of things in a very specific way, which is this thing is cute, it's like a toy to me. I want to pick it up and carried out in love it and hug on it. But in doing that, you really miss out a lot of the hum- the individual person plenty of whatever their animal. It's like you, like you, trade, respect for infantilism, right, yeah and

that that's really stood out to me, because I have to remind myself that mom always like this century, individual entities, who deserves respect to be treated with respect to picked up any time she you know she looked at me. A certain Wayne sets off my acuteness. Spock right, like I've really had to grapple with the likely. You mean like really aware of that committee as she's always been a very small person and she uses up get picked up all the time. So she identifies with Mama on that level, and it's been like really in exercising restraint. Sometimes it just be like no scattered treat Mama like she doesn't want to be picked up right now, kind of thing you know no- but I can ask you- can ask a really made a good point that we win. it's a lot of like what an animal and animal in in favour to seeing it as something cute in a kind of a plaything in a way yeah and if lake

there is no clear reminder that you know I've always had dogs and multiple dogs and loved dogs. But when you see a dog like you now go, after a squirrel in catch it and eat it or something These are the reminders like see, Sir he's variables, like the same cute. Dog will also, you know, eat poop outfits about if it good right or eat your face. If you died on the couch and it was locked in the house who in a second so we probably shouldn't finnish until we talk about quiet culture yeah. This is that the japanese culture, that is. While this is a bad, maybe the greatest pop culture, expression of cute, you think peak it. You think, like pop singers stressed, is little the sort of pigtailed school girl. Because it's a very, very big trend in Japan, its huge like everybody, has acute mascot.

hello, kiddies everywhere, it's just enormous and apparently a kind of way. Crew involved in morphed over time. Starting with this student protest movement in the sixties, where, like the japanese kids, like just decided. They didn't want to go to class anymore. They sat around a Red Manga comic book here, instead in kind of regressed to back to childhood, I am then, that kind of developed in the seventies into a trend for cutesy bub. the handwriting led to hello Kitty, and they, weirdly. It also made an appearance, as what is it burrito women, which is very childlike gum women who adopted this this kind of demeanour too number one cut off any sense of threat that they present. when they entered the workforce, but also to kind of keep unwanted

advances from their male colleagues at Bay to they. They entered the works. as if they were young kids, little girls, giggly and all that kind of There is a persona that they adopted that eventually become This trend is cuteness trend. That's like everywhere in Japan. I never thought about the bubble, letters that so interesting yeah because of always sort of wondered Lake why elementary school girls, it seems like, would write in those big juicy round. Letters tat could make sense. It does, but there apparently work Hawaii culture came from originally the handwriting thing, interesting, yeah I was curious here at the end, I was like his science proven what Cutest animals are I did find something from list verse and John and can toward the top ten cutest animals in the world. According to science, But I see nothing in the article about how science proved this letter.

we nothing, but I figured I'd read it just for funds, is number and is most baby mammals number is the slow loris. you see those things now. You should look at some of these. In fact, I'm gonna go hidden, texted number one. Ok, please right now because- and I guess I'll descended, the U N Jerry said she's on our most recent thread should be like what the heck is this coming away. So number eight is the your cat, which I think your catholic little sinister personally yeah- I can see that cause the like the fact that the Bandit Mass here, number seven is the kolocha here. Did you that's it. There's remorse looks like No, that's not lorries that I sent you are you looking at a horse or what is this? What I sent you yeah display then in its number one, ok, yeah,

can see. The number six is the flap jack in DUMBO Octopi code. Piglets number five match the Finnish Fox number four that the fact that those huge ears? Ok, you make them great sounds Ed pandas number three, the pan to bear the white band a bite. My pen is no one on this list. Weird this guy's way on. This must have been a list from Jimmy scientists, according Jimmy you mean James, be science gave a number two, a sea otters and the number one and help with my whole life without knowing that this thing existed, but the quota q, you Take a look Australia. The small marsupial families, a kangaroo apparently in South Australia in that I sent you my friend, just Google smiling quota.

Yeah and you'll see this one picture of this quota. Literally Jumping hands out smiling at the camera. Lends like Gimme like Gimme a hug. This is- and I think I mean you know they said it's because they look like their smiling. Obviously right is one of the big reasons. Almost every picture? You look at a quota cut this little smile. he is unbelievable, hey I have to say basin. Screenshot you. You need to charge your phone soon. That was even earlier. So I get that same stress. Gsm generally at least fifty percent guy here, and so when I see people discreet Well, if it isn't that read her boy I know that his me out a cannon teacher so to finish a check that converse of what you're talking about the cutest animals, the fact that they exist all

A kind of implies that there are nine cute animals that exists, the other less likely to get our attention in essence, there is a kind of tongue in cheek, but I also get the impression kind of serious group the ugly animal preservation society whose mask out as the blob fish, which makes a lot of sense and their slogan is, we can all be pandas. I love that yeah, so they're looking out for were the ugly animals there were going to wipe out because they're not keep well. I know that is a big deal when it comes to conservation. Is that that people can conservation of a much harder time getting money and stuff and we talked about it in her Zeus. Episode gear That's why they! They lead with giraffes and elephants and stuff like that. Was that the episode I know we talked before they re. Like look man just leave us alone. This is the important stuff because

it saves the other Syria exactly for the blood fish thanks man, ugly cute, maybe yeah, Chemo Hawaii if kuwaiti sounds familiar that probably because you heard it at the very beginning of the quince to Fanny Song Hollow Back girl a relic where she sees a bunch of hard. You could girls in Japan and goes quite nice. A blood fish look like with like its constantly saying I visited colored that your fish, portable blob fish, definitely worth saving. well, since we of wrap it up with the old blob fish. If you want to know more about the science of Q, just start looking at Q, pictures of the Coca sure that's a great place to start and since Chuck said sure that means it's time for listener. Man I call this.

Getting called out here in certain? I haven't thought about called out by a couple of people for different reasons for saying this. For You know. Unless you live under a rock the you no blank, person said hey that this makes me feel dumb, because I didn't know about these things sure I think that's the point right- that your intention, to make it even feel bad, This is a different kind of response in well worth reading making my way through a backlog of blog of episodes the thing that seems a pop up from time to time in your descriptions of popular culture and products like angle, just catch and Ruby excuse. You may comments like and if you- dont know what one of these is or looks like get out from under your rock and go look up a picture. someone who has been blind since birth, though my problem. Isn't that I've been living under a rock? But rather the pictures to me are worth zero. Words really ought to be good

group Reuben eighties. Everyone had a Rubik's Cuban. I played with my fair share of them. Even couldn't solve them from. Things in life, though, if I haven't physically touched it or had it bribed me. I only have the faintest idea of what it looks like in fact I was a music music education, major in college, and it was until my sophomore year at age, nineteen that I touched a brass instrument for for some time. The french horn still fascinates me and enjoyed listening to your show for years and learned lots of visual information from you from what Jurassic like to a fashion choices upon rockers wanted to make you aware of this, though you can help people who can't look at pictures weather. we're blind or whether, where on the road, driving in a truck, we don't want to pull our funds to look at pictures thanks of learning and laughter predate the work warmly. Ryan for Minneapolis, Ryan,

I have nothing to say but great point and I'll do better nice chuck. I don't think, there's anything else. You could say you know why cuz you're a good person and not a jerk. I try to know I will try and describe things to the mobility, which I might not be great, but I think you did a good job with the coordinator description- smiling wrote it here looks like it smiling. That's all you need to know it's great. If you want to take a check or meet a task that is now on sport, but if you wanna do it anyway, that's fine! You can send it Who is the email wrap it up and send it off to stuff podcast I heard radio dot com Stuckey should know is production Iheart radio for more podcast, my heart radio. Is it that I heard radio apple podcast or wherever Your favorite shows its been thirty

years since the first episode of Beverly Hills- and I don't want no thirty years since we walk the halls of West Beverly high end, since we all hung out at the peak that real live at all with Jenny, Garth Anton spelling on their newfound cats- and I know too, when o empty, we get to tell the fans all of the behind the scenes stories to actually happened, join them as they re watch. Every episode of the beloved nineties, tv show from the very beginning, listens and ninety two and oh empty, on the Iheart radio up or wherever you get your pod guests, hey there. Surprisingly, brilliant is back for season two with more of the most shocking, inspiring and downright bizarre stories from science history, I'm merit on Gregg. Unsurprisingly, brilliant tells the Little moon stories behind the science that shape the world from the very first ever picture of a human corroded virus to how birth control was developed and from the gruesome journey to the first of a vaccine to how to win everything. Listen to surprisingly brilliant. On I hurt radio app on Apple pie casts or whether you get your protests.