From the New York Times. Unlike about this today on new sheet in China is pioneering a new form of governance wise in the first of the two parts to my colleague almost on how China highlighted that system on one minority groups in the country, its Monday may sex high headphones. Paul was actually never met. New are in town from China, a movie right. Tell me y yeah Swift,

reporting in and around China for about twelve years and and there's always been a lot of control. I think you for kind of aware of that there, where there censorship there, where that people can be followed, and you know there is a certain amount of surveillance, but in the past five years things have really changed and taking a much more dramatic darker turn really when it comes to especially surveillance and that's what, if coincides with the rise of Xi Jinping. So China's president, who came into power about five years ago, has really doubled down on control and he has been not shy at all about using technology to exert that control, and you know, there's a lot of things that are invisible and how that works. But one of the very few kind of visible symptoms are the cameras there were over

some cameras in China, but recently past couple of years. The cameras have just gone in this dramatic way. Some of them look like these riverlike baroque, modernist sculptures or something it's like four cameras, Reno stretching off of a different polar you have a camera hanging from a tree in theirs is almost hidden cameras in the subway cars is at a holes, and if you look closely at them, you say: oh, my god, it's actually a lens. I counted the cameras on my way to work one day, which is a two subway stop ride and we are passing two hundred fifty cameras. I'll yeah we're gonna places will all kinds of places every her sexual have dozens of cameras to catch people's license plates as they drive by about every have fifty yards you'll have a camera uphold it's kind of a dome camera. The consumer and grabbed their faces or follow somebody if you have to when you walk down stairs as these high powered facial recognition cameras aimed at your face with the idea of kind of trying to figure out who you are, as you walk by an who's on the other side of those cameras. Yeah, it's what I always

of wonder we don't always know in this is the thing about China is that it is an autocratic system with very little transparency for the most part we assume is a newly empowered police force is using these to try to learn as much as they can about the population and track, but to agree that there's a rationale for this: what is security safety? We want to make sure that if something bad were to happen in our neighbourhood, we could protect ourselves, but in some recent reporting, what we discovered is the true sort of breathtaking ways in which the police are already assembling lists of faces of people that their worried about and even using it to swift mark people based on ethnicity and race and track them and keep a record. I mean it's as if you were,

is counting only one group of people as they went around the city and in keeping tabs, so you can go back and see which person that was an in America to be used for industry unconstitutional, been China. It had been happening for almost two years without anybody even notice, and why would China wanna do that? Why would a track guru, people by race through cameras and this classification system right. So China has had this sort of long issue with muslim minority, known as the wiggers who live out in western China. This massive province of fifth, the size of China's landmass called sheen. John, it's mostly desert and really high mountains, it's the old silk road. You know, and these people have lived there for you. No more than a thousand years.

And these tiny little oasis citys around the desert and China as occupied their land for several hundred years now and as China has occupied it for the most part until may be the past fifty or sixty years. It's mostly just gonna win a far flung place, but under the Chinese Communist Party they really solidified power and they ve started change the demographics. This has created a lease passive in. It is to move Han Chinese into this region to basically make it less muslim, more Chinese, exactly and so, sixty years ago? There were almost no Chinese knows all wiggers. Now it's fifty percent chinese, fifty percent. We do and that's created all of these conflicts, but everything really changed in two thousand nine. What happens is there's a sort of violence in the small fact

three in southern China and it turns out that there was a rumour that these two weaker factory workers raped a chinese woman and then, when the ethnic Chinese confront the weaker population at the factory, a big fight breaks out, we're ultimately to weaker, send a beaten to death there's a video on Youtube and any goes around all. What's on the move, and you know in a tinderbox lakes, where you have all of these other tensions in here it comes one of the main causes for this massive outbreak. Of rioting and anger in the capital of a rooms. Thousands of wiggers take to the streets some with knives and made murder about two hundred Han Chinese, so it's a brutal and in large scale, race right

and found that the military's mobilized, the internet is cut off and ginger, so you cannot get online, even phone calls out, The country are no longer allowed its a sort of new level of suffocating technological response, and so, when the ensue in decade, what they ve tried to do his figure out methods to sort of systematize it, and so they ve turned to the police and they ve turned to technology. Have you been back there recently yeah? So I went back in October to Kashgar I to transform places when the most bizarre places. I think I've ever been in a web of course, followed by secret police wherever we go. There are two points: every cop hundred yards and, if created these things called convenience, police centres so think of

convenience store, but it's a police station instead. So these small can a concrete boxes with constantly flashing lights and every couple hundred yards and police are in them and they'll setup checkpoints their Bulgaria's to kind of blanket the city with this very suffocating level of police presence and surveillance, This is true of all my brick city forbidding sort of bazaars, and now you have is that kind of a look, but with these tremendously powerful facial recognition, cameras hanging from you know: a mud, brick wall and their cameras absolutely everywhere, and so you have this very bizarre contrast of a place that in some ways feels like it could be timely

in a thousand years old, with these hyper modern technological solutions attempting to understand and track the populations. To tell me about the tracking. So clearly, China is very anxious that this muslim population is going to revolt or just generally disobey the desires of the train, government, so how does that transit into this surveillance apparatus? What you gonna to do with the image of a muslim man or woman in this place? That's gonna! Stop that

so they ve already thrown about a million people in camps and labour camps. Yeah well was their day. The call them re education camps in that we don't have a lot of understanding of what happens inside, but it seems to be kind of day long classes and people been made to sit in here of Chinese Communist Party fury and propaganda, and things like that. They need excuses to put people enemies and laces right. So if you have this massive surveillance system, you can kind of find people that you think you are might be dangerous or may be risky, but the thing is it so over the top and so extreme, people get thrown in cuz they're, an academic because they're influential, because they use technology because they wouldn't shave their beard because they read the Koran. I mean there's a million different ways. What they've done is just tracked every all the time and in a way that nobody even can go out their door without feeling sort of the weight of the gaze of the state revenue you just described would be something that you could capture on care.

You would see someone with a beer. You might see someone reading the Koran and that could be the trigger right enemies. They hung lots of cameras and mosques, so the id commas

is this beautiful mustard, yellow mosque? It's in the centre of old cash carnes can at the heart of weaker Islam and they ve. I think I counted more than two hundred cameras inside the mosque trying to capture worshippers who would come alone. There are many worshippers anymore, of course, because you who's gonna, go walk in front of those cameras and show their faces and in that very easily, can just go into a database in the Navy data point. They know that Michael was right outside the e commerce in his time and then when he leaves the Ec Hamas kilt back to give his idea again and then, when he goes down to the marketplace. Yes, to give his idea again and that way you can build a comprehensive map of where you're going. If you want to go to the bank, if you want to go to a grocery store, you have to do this. If you want to enter the old city, you have to do it, and so it effectively just makes it impossible to do anything in the society without constantly giving up. Your private information to the state and to the police- and we are describing, is the definition of this.

Yeah yeah any egg. Munich goes even deeper than this around twenty seven p, and when he sixteen in Kashgar, we ve heard that many people were called in for compulsory medical check ups and they never got the results of the medical check ups, but with the medical check up was was there to give a blood sample in their faces, were scanned and they d give a voice sample. Irises were scanned into just the sort of mass collection of a single ethnic cities oh metric information and we don't really know entirely what they'll do with all of that in our reporting we ve seen parts of this. We ve seen some of the dossiers, and so they can map people's family relationships. You know what might betrays government do with that information about family members and all those connections they use to lean on people and they use it to intimidate people and they use it to show that they are so powerful that there would be no point in a way to resist or push back

you could see it in the population. The fear should I shall wear this least because this doesn't seem like an effort to a culture people to encourage them toward a chinese identity. If anything, the people who are being subjected, this would most likely resent the chinese government right right. I think the thinking goes further than that. The hope is ultimately to I think, change the population fundamentally to re engineer, a new way of life for these people. That is basically chinese, and I think the ultimate goal here is to eradicate weaker culture, and the thing is: if they fail will, then they have a culture so completely in their control. That is no longer a threatened anyway, but what's the relationship between what's happening to them.

Girls and the larger for balanced aid in China. If the rest of China is already chinese, how does this all can act? So a lot of people like to caution John, the sort of laboratory for chinese surveillance, so if you have any kind of draconian solution to tracking somebody or figuring out what summit is doing on their phone? You can try it out ginger and then see what happens right. Change, and they can get away with a lot more because you have a an ethnic minority that is already but if so beset didn't? You can't really push back group without any power right exactly. In the rest of Chinese, he's a needs a little bit more passive, easier, constant creep on the subway. For instance, you start to see more checkpoints, the police just kind of sit out Morpheus,

transferring and they just stop people at random and scan there. I Deckard just like what happened in change, and one of the things are reporting showed is that you know it's not just weeders they're. Looking for in these cities there making lists of people's faces depending on what kind of group they are, so they are making lists of the mentally ill they're, making lists of people with a past history of drug use, their making list of people who had petition the government or complain about the government, but they also of lists of every single person registered to live in that city. So the idea isn't just to track. These small groups is to track everyone with the idea that if somebody were to get out of line, then you know everything about them to begin with. So this is about every single person in China. Yes,

I'm shocked at all. This is happening at the same time that China is becoming a world power whose influence is growing so much overseas, because those things don't quite seem to be consistent if they seem to be very contradictory right, and I think this basically prove that wrong- that you can have censorship and you can have a closed society in some ways in a controlled society, but also have a booming tech sector, and this is the first time in probably thirty years it we ve had an autocratic state alongside the United.

Said the cutting edge of technology. So, if you think about it, democracies have dominated technological creation since the fall of the Berlin Wall effectively right now. China's coming along and they're making technologies, but these technologies are suited for their purposes and in a lotta cases those purposes have some authoritarian component to them, or some point of control to them very intentional control and in fact, as they ve risen, theyve used. All of this is selling point so think to the Beijing Olympics in two thousand and eight this: is China's coming out party? Is a new superpower, these outfitted, the capital, the cleansing. Turkey to make sure it goes well to make sure there's no protest, but also to make sure there's no attacks or anything, and so they load up the city with three hundred thousand camera,

the government must control, and because of where this is a moment, we actually do loves care yet exactly yeah, so they really pulled out all the stops but then what they did All these international leaders arrived to see the Olympics is they took them initiative back rooms where the could see all these cameras operating. They show the screens they showed. This is how our policing system works so who's in there. So we don't know everybody that visited, but what we do know is that countries like Ecuador sent delegations places that might be sort of struggling with democracy or even already beats have led by strong men who have come to check this out in their screens up with video footage from these thousands and thousands of cameras, and you can see how the chinese security forces can see everything they look at in these awoke is pretty powerful. I wonder if we could get this and that's where it starts, and so now what were seeing as those technologies are beginning to flow to the world

and so all of a sudden on the streets of key till you see the same cameras that you would see in Shanghai and then such is happening. There that's happening in Venezuela. That's happening in Bolivia, that's happening. Angola, that's happening in Pakistan is happening around the world. But what do you make of this global spread of surveillance starting what is it. I tell you about the changes you seen in China in recent years. And where all this is headed. It tells me that I think the chinese government believes created a different model and a new model, and they want to propagate if they want to spread it, and they want to give other countries the ability to do what they ve done and in that way influenced the world. So this is You know, governance by data governance by mass surveillance is in a way the Chinese Ma

and they want to bring it to the world and what this encourages authoritarianism, because it uses technology unapologetically to consolidate power by understanding what everybody's doing and where they are at any given moment, and I think it's a kind of important moment for democracies like the United States, because they need to kind of recognised. This is happening. Say: will what does the United States stand for all this to they stand for data collection is well without telling anybody do stand for something else, because the United States, this points were too so lost its own debates. Right so do we stand just about right. Exactly in any that's the thing is I write about this from China, it's kind of unclear where the United States stands and all of it in a world where this model that you're describing is spreading around the world

How exactly does China benefit from that, because there are fewer and fewer places where a democratic government without surveillance challenges it? I think the idea is, if you give the people you're dealing with these systems hue and cry their power, and that means the people you're dealing with are more likely to keep dealing with you and be the ones in power in over. So there's a sort of perpetuation, but I think, there's also just a broader sense of the more countries around the world. The do this the more its deemed acceptable by the world in the more that they have reliable partners who are free, what they're doing in reliant on them and allowed them to kind of push how governance works, and so in a way they become the axle and all of these different places becomes Folks in this we'll the new version of global, governance and new alternative to the messy democracies of the past governance by data

Governance by data and surveillance call. Thank you very much. Thanks on Sunday, the times reported that the Trump Administration has decided not to confront China over its repressive treatment of the workers for fear that it could disrupt the final stages of a major trade deal between the two countries. The administration had considered imposing economic sanctions on chinese officials involved, in the repression, but his sins, backed away from that plan in part two more here from one weaker man living in the: U S, who is trying to fight for his family in the camps in China,

we'll, be right. Back HBO I'll be gone in. The dark is in new documentary series based on the late author Michel Mcnamara's, investigation of the golden State Killer, directed by Emmy winning Director Liz garb S. It weaves Michel's riding with survivor, accounts and rare archival footage to explore the twisted case I'll be gone in the dark premier, Sunday June, twenty Eightth at ten p m on HBO and stream it on HBO Max and subscribe to HBO I'll begun in the dark, companion, podcast, For in depth conversations after every episode hears what else you need to know on Sunday, fighting between Israel and Palestine escalated into the worst kind

since both full blown war between them. In twenty forty Were israeli civilians were killed, type palestinian rocket and missile attacks, prompting Israel aim at individual militants in Gaza, killing at least nine of them and as many civilians look at its own absolute before them a city Gaza. During the news coverage, Israel, Prime Minister, Benjamin Netanyahu promised ass of attacks against the militants and got a close watch on the palestinian rocket attacks mostly struck civilian tar It's in southern Israel with no military value, including a building but houses a kindergarten and the young college it appointment of a medical center.

The violence is the latest in a long running, series of clashes that have produced temporary cease, fires that are quickly book and president Trump on Sunday said that special council problem mother should not testified before setting up another confrontation. With congressional democrats who have requested mothers appears in a tweet. The president said that model Report was concluded and the Americans do not need to hear from him again new regions for the doubts, because Mahler was appointed by the Department of Justice which answers to the president. It appears that tromp has the authority to prevent smaller from,

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