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welcome to start off your place in the universe where science and pop culture align our talk begin right now. This is a darker sports addition, a kind of a cosmic queries on air, I sports March madness and what happens if we take sports to other people? I got chuck with me Jack a nail and the person who gives authenticity to the entire concept of it's a dish in Bulgaria, Riley Jerry, Alien, all right old footballer from the UK I was browsing the internet and I found a wiki page on you right there you were on the soccer field and you lookin Lookin Buff, and he's got a great legs.

Larry lay that if they lead baby sexy lurks interesting Jerry. You can dig him up on the internet, so we will have particular expertise in March madness of no. We don't want to thinking about so we have to go to a man about town who thinks about this kind of stuff and that's MAC. Ginsburg mad welcome, backed used. Our talk. Thank you threaten me back yes, oh man is like was a wonder gene. It was getting his Phd in math at age. Twenty four from Oxford you mean you're such a lantern. I took a year off a carpet research mathematical physics, my wife's, at his best radical physics, your scientist, an entrepreneur and author. You got a book out there, a fictional book, this factor, man, I like fiction- that is deeply informed by math and physics in the universe, and that

one such book where you introduced gods, algorithm the secret formula that will solve all the problems of the World urban whose than in the fight to take command of it and love. Maybe we'll talk about it later, love were there It's going are also one of your companies. One hour skewed. Excuse me. I think those are called records are rumbled rag, humble Burke, humbled earned. Will you heard someone say well one of my companies, Now, however, the right one of them, I did I get bored, so I started company as I go, I gotta go, do something else and I started out of me. That's why I have this rail companies minor since the

another humble branch manager shut up there just stop it. You know what some people when I get bored they turn on television. Lord, I start company. Have we really potatoes you, where you provide statistical support for professional sports teams? In fact we delve into their topic the last time you were a guest people to dig up that episode and what I learned that episode as you were a computer program that can enter crossword, puzzle competitions and it's called get this doctor Phil, Nice, if I doubt very, very clever, so anyhow manage let's get let's get straight to March madness. Their brackets

you know teams when they lose its winner go home. Is that right is not I'd like single elimination. Last I checked, and is there any way to predict the whole thing that you know that you ve invented that you can share with them? that's great all have how do you? How do you use it, and what do you do with due to do? We all need the html to make that happen. Can we get Warren Buffett, money there. You go. That's really don't worry. It's Ronnie right down to the basic question, so my understanding is that, in order to get Warren Buffett money, you have to predict every single game in March madness, and so actually looked at this. I knew we can talk about this. I looked at this last night and I think people look at this As you know, what are my chances of winning and the answer is their basic point zero and I look at the other. Error, and I said, let's say what bidding on Winner Ivy the chance of getting every single game pediatric.

you're, if you're even money on any particular game, then you have, You have one chance one time in two to the sixty four you actually get them all right and to sixty four is on jobs. numbers you no chance. but computers are helping us make better connections. So I thought okay, What? If I wanted to have a one in a thousand shop which it still not terribly good, but it means that if I get to try to many times, then I have a one in fifty chance and actually getting at some time the next twenty years, which is one of its far out as I come up and it turns out in order to have a one in a thousand shop. winning Warren Buffett money. You have to be able to predict with ninety percent accuracy, who's gonna win any particular again. In some regions has pretty easy right when it once he plays the sixteen see any ban on the one side, its proper

only about ninety percent, that's good. The problem is when the seven seas plates the eight see that game is really possible in getting to the point you can predict that came with ninety percent accuracy is really hard. There are computer methods that will help those computer method. One of the nice things about them is still actually tell you how how sure they are so you can putting all information about tears and say they're playing. Where did you get to put him how other players feeling today and it is not about actor that do not considering here it is, and you can put in? Obviously I I mean you could call them and ask. I dont know about what actually help It would help them give up your computer, you kind everything just what am I doing today,

they took the cod recovery? Did you get your luxuries? Was we, I think it? A lot of the information that you need is actually buried there so far people one of the things that you putting whenever you want you can put in example. How many minutes of plain time did this guy have over the last three weeks That's very of that sort of proxy for how tired, at year end you can put in how many minutes the ever last three weeks of the last three days when is he last injured. How has he been playing recently All of this information is popular and you can at least in theory, pusher. all into a machine learning system and out will come? I think this team is gonna win.

And the probability is whatever wow how they typically for upon like this. They typically you something called gradient. Boosting that's doesnt, really help you much what they do. You mean is hear. You say that I read in boosting doesn't help us much already imposed in not help me, which our group, which are you two dozen else, re very slick and but we need. We need you to define it right or gas await you. Do that the rainy season it doesn't matter what it does is. It says: ok, Gimme tons and tons of data about Marge Badness, historically going back as far as you have just pockets of data, and then it says: ok, I have data on four hundred thousand gains. Take.

A thousand of those games out and not look at them in it, set him off to his side, and then it tries to figure out what tendencies. There were in the three hundred and ninety nine thousand games, it has left, and then it is okay. This is, I think, is going on and then you go and you get the thousand games and you bring it back. In an you check- and you see how well did I predict right now in order to get Warren Buffett money, then the objective of this whole programme suddenly the second in already get Warren Buffett money. You need to predict bees, seven versus eight. Things with ninety percent accuracy. In order Vegas his money, you promise need to reckon with sixty percent accuracy Sophia that good at predicting he's gonna win these gained. You she's gotta base, you shouldn't you should not trying we win Warren, its body, the much it's a much further reach, and it's not that much. I mean it's. A million dollar trade,

yeah I'll get you a year for the rest of your life. If you can connect, you can get that money from Vegas and it's easier run. If you can predict sixty percent of the time just got back every year and you get the money you get the vaguest money every year, but If we use that model you ve just described it talks to me about history now from apply as point of view, that's good It means nothing to me because we not playing those teams, those players are no longer planned way. Different players for, in my mind, that history, it has no relevance to what is about to happen. If you look back historically, You will see that his that five years ago, the Brown James scored way more points than average and yes, that's history, but it certainly bears out today, and he was just about five and you can. You can also look and you can gather information about how I naturally sucks right,

how old is he how do people age? How do people? Why Leubronn age or you can just. There is so much data now now. What makes it hard to reason? People don't go beat up on Vegas with this stuff is because there is so much data in something that happens with machine learning when you have too much data programme start once called overfishing, which means look and they say well whether or not the Lakers one last year was correlated with the. Phase of the moon outdo. That is history, and that's just luck You have so much data, some of its gonna look relevant when it really and the reason we shimmering his heart is because you have to somehow builder that out, you have to somehow say which this actually matters.

what are the reasons people have this thousand games. Often aside is because then they say wow the Lakers and face the moon and look at the thousand Games that didn't work and then they go when they try to get so your youth in their data itself as part of their predictive model kind of like what they do, a climate you you put in their history of Climate to show whether or not the predictive models that are you. right now or effective use right right desert. But so I just want to emphasise something that you said man and you said it brilliantly imbue Fifthly, I don't want to go by without adding further punctuation disappoint me. on which you have so much data that you can find car relations that have nothing to do with cause and effect, and and so you need enough.

Aid to check against that. To remove those correlations from analysis, a fair waited to summarize some of which it is and, and the effect is very you can you can go alone you can you can look for weird correlations in it. You know it's things, The number of loaves of bread eaten and each year in Denmark is incredibly well correlated with whether the U S dock work, because up or something you know that you're just craziness end and as truck said It really is a matter of you have built their words for it, so you have. One set of data is called the training and that the daily you used to build your model and they had this other ten of data, which is called the validation date, which is the day. You used to test your model and see if it actually turned out for work. It's what you can't do when it seems like you want to do. Is where you train your data and you look at the validation that data and it doesnt work, because you

we're looking at the number of loaves of bread eaten them, so you make a new model that doesnt consider Denmark Have you tried out on your validation data and it doesnt work, and then you do it again and again and again until you find something that works on your validation data will you ve changed your validation data is a dirty because you ve been using it over and over and over again, and your basic models think they're working just the training data by your working with the validation. It say your style, you need me clean data and clean David don't be valuable because what happens you're. These four hundred thousand games feels like a lot and then you take ten thousand aside entire. I'm gonna hold them for validation. Then noticed, though. Maybe that's not enough. I need it. I need another validation, taken thousand more side and then you taken thousand moorside and an one she hush dated thirty forever. So how you split data up between invalidation.

training data turns out to be important and hard and It really matters, but you do not look at your validation data very often How many relevant data points? Would you expect some? to one to use. For a decent outcome. So it depends on what you're trying to do some things. You need huge datasets. So if you're trying to predict but ninety percent accuracy, seven versus eight, you need at least as much data. You need everything if you're trying to Effective a number one seat is gonna, be the sixteen see you probably know by a much less so different problems require different amounts of data, the one rule of thumb therein and by the way, somebody somebody were some committee seated the number teams as number one and the number sixteen is number sixteen. So very using data. Don't do that yes and that data, so so you're, not you not approaching those two teams from a pure,

you are already biased by the set up for that- and I remember as a kid- and I would ask that in that I was kind of very literal and they would say. Oh Oklahoma upset Texas today by beating them in a basketball game. I say, of course they have said. Because they lost so I dont want to upset was not didn't. I didn't understand that is because you want, beyond the expectations of some group of people who decide You should have lost so does that add another sort of variable of unpredictability and what you're disorder I mean. The bottom line is that the this ceiling maybe a b and c to a bracket is looking at very limited. Dude actively looking at who be whom, perhaps by how much they look at their know. How well do those things do in the records of Europe In spite of that is a tiny amount of data relative to everything you actually could you like. I want people,

rested. He was injured where they playing a by an honour and four. I would assume, because if they were, because if they accurate, no one would ever be upset in a torrent and willing It would be ass. I would be Warren Buffett because He went by Probably the dairy would use if you're trying to do the seriously is a vast super set of the data that the March madness guys know the institute guys actually is there something else that I think it's important to two real. I fear- and this has to do with how people saw promise now machine saw problem, so I often draw a distinction between in what I like to call a ninety nine percent problem and forty nine percent So in a forty nine percent problem, you're trying

distinguish between a forty nine percent probability and a fifty one percent probability of the stock market. If you can only invest in stocks that are fifty one percent to go up, you will make a killing the stock market. Fifty slash fifty and just that little you'll do phenomenally. Ninety percent means you're just get it right service, my sort of state an example of a ninety nine percent problem is stoplight. If you identify ninety nine percent of stoplight correctly and just drive, through the rest of you, don't realize their you're gonna die, you gonna have an exit. You're gonna die so machine learning. The kinds of things I was talking about turns out be really good. On the forty nine fifty one problems and really bad on the ninety. Nine hundred props basketball is interested. Because it's sort of in between stock workers, I once I travel about suicide people for not to be pretty good at the ninety nine.

Hundred problems were not so good at the forty nine fifty one problem so that the Arab, the answers will not that money struck a single minded. This answer is you're, probably you might go, go for Are you about? You might as well in advance I want to say one word: if money on orders jack, that would be sat right exact, I don't go ahead, so go ahead of that year. Five, twenty nine guys, you go to a quick break, but when we come back, this is really a patron cosmic queries four March madness, and I want to get a few of those questions in related to their, but also maybe we can think about sports on other worlds,

and what that play. Like Sir Harry we haven't talked about air space in a little while. So I'm so happy to do it because you know the square space is one of our favorite supporters of start talk. Radio is the perfect time to turn your cool idea to a new website. How do you do it you do it with Squarespace you'll find what you need. What are your showcasing? Your work, the logging or publishing content, whether you're selling products and services announcing upcoming event? It doesn't make a difference. What you're doing online you need to be do we're square space, buying a domain from squares basis, easy because there are no hidden bees or price hikes and get to know your audience with her analytics tools. Those include inside on page views try

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Chuck and Gary your guys, yeah yeah, we can do this alone, we needed someone who could bring. Analytics into the house and we got our favorite analytic guy MAC, Ginsburg Matt. I was good to have you here. Star talk is with Math Phd just spill in it every he's, gotta do it, so I will get it. So. Let me just ass much of the real quick was what, with with all of Europe, ass I wanted to. I want to take sports off world and see where they can with goes to all law is questions that picture members have work, but so others, Craig you have mathematically. Do you ever? Do you ever game? The sis? you know, with with with any of your programming any of your machine learning any of your mathematical prowess. You ever put that to work and just say you know what I'm going to go ahead and make a low loan which are having answer so do I can answer for you here

either he's a miser or the answer to that question is no because look at the room, his in there's no butler, there's no staircase going up to three level mansion. The dude is just a regular room. We also know of Mary so that the interest about living here, it's not itself. I read out a friend, you wouldn't play black jack. In Vegas in China, cars as very mathematical. At the end of it all, he said he figured out tat. He had made fifteen cents in Iraq and its central grind, and I I like I'll, tell you the the there is a growing money that such Grimes battling Erhead at me, in terms of ethical Billy's, is my daughter uses music,

After later so I'll be walking around the house. I shall die what seventeen times thirty six and occasionally we have house guess who look at her. And they say sky. Did you just use your father's ejaculate orange juice? Again, that's what he's for so that's great. How does your daughter will now she's twenty two? Ok, I suppose they cause at this place this issue as it ass machine, they can move seventeen times, thirty, six dollars it at school. I could answer we all right social Democrat Chocolate, the first picture in question. I don't care care you wanna gonna jump in so these are patron. Patrons are exclusive patron patrons Nancy DS He says he shouted March madness question. How can I take into account things like motivation stars and play ample almost under pressure or other factors challenging to quantify

in determining the outcome? The examples you Sciences, Virginias National championship, went in twenty twenty, given their embarrassing Lawson twenty nineteen. So what do we think is this sort of enrolled in your in your data points that we totally disagree. I can you quantify motivation. Probably I mean in theory concern antibiotic. motivation, probably shows up me. I mean look at this exact example and in it data is gonna be well how well the teams who got to the finals do they lost in the finally the previous year. You ve got a reasonable sampling and that one, that, can you know, and then these machine learning algorithm suggest you just drop all updated and they just turn turn it up and try and look for patterns, and if that's a pattern,

it will find it. I've looked for patterns like that and I ve never found him. College athlete seem to sort of always be about is motivated as they can be. they love the game there trying to get into the pros there really working. But if there is a pattern, should be somewhere buried in the data, and you should be able to potter s pretty cool absolute and so what have? What? What happens when you have a team of for starting freshman, because there won't be any data window? So there's there's data on variety of things is their state on for starting freshman, Norway. Where would you have a whole season behind them? Would have you haven't even asked about to say you have the whole season behind, and by this I mean it's hard badness right, you have done. How does a freshman performance in March madness compared with fruit that preference performance over the course of the season do freshmen job right epithet? That's exactly

that's exactly a point, but you need to recognize whether or not the does the UK, asian crises, the player and one of the things it that's cool, about he's machine learning algorithms like reading boosting is you don't have to figure out what you're looking for in the data you just poor? All the data in any algorithms figure out of this is a patter. Oh that's a pattern and they do the mental heavy lifting for you now they're stupid, so they might find some patterns that are really there and that's an issue, but that's what this validation dated four, so you in harry. Bear these very general purpose. Algorithms that are capable of

finding the signal and the noise got so so it's not as though you are quantifying the thing itself is looking at the statistics in the larger data set of manifestation of that that motivation right so so, in other words, you can't go Well, maybe you can go to the one person see the really jack. They gave a really good pep speech pep talk. The coach gave a talk now they're just gonna win. You can't put that in after the fact right. You don't know that you're not adjusting these these frank, the statistics in real time you have to go in with a bet already placed. I have to decide what data I wanna put in and train the thing.

and then what comes out is sort of how I'm gonna make my bet and I'm not gonna motivational coaches and have have their influence as well, but that will be the right because you'll see. Oh, this coach players blame for this couch do a little better when the same players went and played for a different approach must be good. I dont know if its motivation, writer, I can imagine a world where, for some I ain't reason on your eighteenth birthday. You can't play sports, you just you become uncoordinated under eighteen birthday exactly and then it gets better in the data that might look like freshmen occasionally have a bad day as they turn eighteen on there somewhere. And I wouldn't know if freshmen tend to choke because I sure, gets them and they became a little bit less evenly or freshmen or there's this miraculous eighteenth birthday thing after birthdays were in there

Well then, I would say: oh look at always happens to people on the daily eighteen and then- have you got your eyes, but that night might be the reason being that that's everything. Everything is working in the data. It's very. Difficult to imagine a phenomenon that that both matters- and is not somehow president in the data for you to tease out, if only you knew how to love. So that's the lesson solely. Let's not is the lesson I listen. That's fly this thing out of their SAM, especially Addy. Chris, hey all experts who says I've been watching the expense which made me think how we could we conduct applicable tournament was people who often various planets and asteroids that have been settled by humans, like, for example, I'm kinda Mars, both champions of Jupiter most up right now,

this for me is interesting, because you got a whole new set of metrics to factor your machine learning it. What is it the things that we would need to think about to keep the field equal and fair for all teams, the show and everything keeping forming. Fellow so you're welcome. Well, let me just as a way of lead into that sought so mad when people started training for the Olympics at high altitude, no, its, not another planet, it's this planet, but it's a different environmental conditions under which their body is getting trained, and now they all go into the same stadium and something perform the others says it's just an interesting realisation there that a b,

environment in which you train the gravity, the air quality, the air density, the that can definitely show up in your performance. I think that's right and I dont think we don't historically I have no idea. What's gonna happen when we have people from Mars, but historically we don't try to compensate for that. So you know Kenyans win marathons, just how it is in there is, but there is not any thing in the rule sing that any canyon entering America has TAT ankle. What's today, there is, as it is a handicap Macedonia, nothing in the NBA to try and make it if you're for short people Was it does so just wouldn't fervently related rights. We don't do that. So I think that if, if martians in our people from Mars have some physical,

difference that makes them better at a game. Hopefully we will just celebrate with them. Probably exacted live on Mars, so will celebrate with them that thereby I may be inferred waiting love watching because the people we were so good. Are so good and I dont know anybody bemoaning the fact that I'm I'm not gonna ever be a professional ressler. It's just not going to happen That's it I'm there's still time shall be ambitious, that's not an amended! I mean I mean if we bring it back to this planet just temporarily. If I have to cross from the West coast of the EAST coast and if I'm altitude and weak plant sea level. This recovery then these oxygenation and ability to produce these things are these not factors that are relevant, of course, the relevant just like home, killed advantages, rob relevant,

playing oddity mail. As there's no friends spread over delaying the Fenway is different, it really feel the green monster matters and Boston Players, Boston, selects their players in part because they're looking for people, who have the natural skills that will exploit the peculiar a recent report, as did the Yankees as Europe is everywhere the right field. Wine was one of a shortage of all Butterfield, Something like two hundred ninety six feet or something was very short and so the because a lot of lefty sluggishness right that racked in the home runs simply because that short porch out unripe field and in fact, if you you're right met, we don't go back to the record books and say you don't have your home runs, were three hundred and ten.

if they would not have been a home run in any other stadium, but you have to play for the Yankees so subtract. Those we don't do that. We just allow the circumstances to be the expression of that of that ability. That's an interesting take on this do you not the tug of war used to be in the Olympics as as an as an event. And the rule was everyone in the tug of war had to be the same profession, sad to be a group that makes sense that they competed together. We all had to be like medical doctors, are they all had to be. You know soccer players, they all had to be policemen or or at that, and so it turned out that the mountain police always one because they, you won't, have to wear your native uniform and they all had these steel reinforce boots I realise this is stupid event and get rid of it. There also all used to

pulling on the reins of an obstinate horse like let's go without running the closest I've. Seen to my wife was a hydra playing with land where which was away a heifer plain my eyes were playing razor should do. Is a national champions? The timely crap, yes, is able boats that fly across the water all its. Actually. It's one of the cruellest sports ever been. I await so her class had a weight limit. And just like the only woman, she wade way less than everybody else, and they actually made her put a plate of lead. In the bottom of the boat right so that she could me weight limit and she hated it because everybody else you figured you there anymore, driving and you believe and you move your whole weight and she could not move the lead play. It was just stuck on the bottom of the boat and she could leave, but you

is leaning with much less mass. Then why do you think eating load, pockets and arrest on her, so she could mean with the weight and match, People's capacity deciding the lead weight was better than me. She was ridiculously and she she's eat them all anyway, so she was fine, but, loud with visas that competitive. Let us use this life, I could. I couldn't destroyed you instead of just breathe you I'll. Do it anymore. I'm also speak. Your whole field advantage in an interplanetary contest so it would matter. If you played your support in on your planet right, I mean that would matter resembled s. That would be the The ultimate field advantage, because you know your gravity and your air quality in Europe you're all the peculiarities? of your invite us neither he would have to travel from planet. Eight planet be added

x amount of light years. I have to get and a climate is therefore its recovery ought to turn up. However, the EU is an advantage to arrive at once on my journey. No, you know Toby Toby likely that the record and tennis where this the for events but not all on the so grand slam, so they so wish but it is on grass. Yeah and whose it on clay is it Road running at the french officer Clay, and then you have that concrete. You know it for ourselves. So that's interesting! So if you, if you do the whole circuit thing, you need a combination of abilities, sir, which is what makes winning the full grants Lamb so that so much more impressive. then anyone whose only has the town for just one so high school. Let's get, let's get another one about patron patrons and go ahead. She here's the deal

I will name of Craig Wool House he's from New Zealand ways, proudly flagging up the fact that the I stopped covered? Congratulations If a game of basket will help your tiny island, you know anybody in a category Don't tell them about and they won't listen There are very proud and nation they grayer rugby gave dont want. I don't want anybody showing up here doing the harm spends. A hundred percent so rightly said if a game of basket was held on Mars in doors with Erst atmospheric pressure. would we finally be able to Duncan from the three point line and would it because the street or do we need another, Annie. So I live. We will get to that answer when we come back our talks,

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listening to what like they're very on patriotic shot out. Please gotta patriotic outcomes. Last our talk, radio and support us we're back start talks, which version cosmic queries. We started out with March Madness and when our thinking about sports on other planets, what role a I could play in predicting winner. and we got mad Ginsburg with us becoming a friend of star talk, I suppose not refers rodeo with us thanks for coming back Mack, so we're picking up on a question. I love this question: We state that, of course, is from credible house he's one about patriotic patients and exclusive member and he says if a game of possible was held on Mars indoors with us atmospheric pressure. Would we finally be dunk it from the three point line and what it count to three

do. We need another planet and many sites, the one the m J. That's my children came from somewhere. Your audience, please so mad. If you get, if you have anything to eat, and so what I say I be delighted futile to set a jump in, but on Mars, there's about forty percent of earth gravity there. So, if, u way you know a hundred pounds on earth. You have forty pounds on Mars and all your musculature is accommodating the hundred pounds. That, U way so now, you only have to sort of move forty pounds, that's up against grabbing, so you can jump higher an you fall, more slowly at ok, dusty, hang time gap is there or should we can jump higher, and you have good here and if you get a good running start,

think I didn't run all the equations on this, but I'm thinkin you could dunk from the three point line and counted as a three pointer. Because you would not have touched the ground and the ball wouldn't have hit the ground in between the three point shot line. and in the main basket meant what you think of that Ankara right. I'm suddenly fell a rules perspective. That's the easy part of the question you take off from behind a three point lying it's a three point. I haven't done the calculation either. I suspect that a second is still a second and a meter is actually which reduced by forty percent see. You probably can jump like two and a half times, as far and given that Michael Jordan can turn from behind frequently anyway, because then we can draw from the airline weekly foulon, not the three point, one that anybody

ask him to try ah soldiers just something to be clear about what is actually doing, which is not obvious unless you analyze it so generally, if you're trying to dunk the point where you're donkey is the highest part of your work, because the grim is ten feet up. Where's, Michael Jordan, from the free thoughts throw my he's not still ascending, The point is donkey. He has already peaked in his parabolic art and he's on his way down. So he had to jump that high in order to make all that happens of you wash his art he's on his way down, so it doesn't have to be sort of the limit of we. U jumping provided high enough, you could just descend into the dumb ok, I'm gonna sound like this markets in this, the station. So I didn't do the calculations isa. However, I know if we're doing

it's with this sort of ability, I'm making the coal bigger. the room taller. The room on raising the bar on rum stretching the poor and yet because he finally behind time is seconds. Plural, then this is different game if we play it from its budget. gonna, be flying out the arena better game yeah I don't know why we put even under the new neutralizing all the interesting features of the martian basketball whore right. But then again it's it's more like asking people as we kind of mighty equivalent in the size of the core, as opposed to an earthquake I think it's it's way more complicated right. Are you gonna make the hoop bigger if you're shooting from how much further away you have to make the hoop bigger, but then the inside game becomes tremendously different. So I think it's act. I don't think you can. You can't rebalance it. It's going to be a dick

game. So here my point we're just to be clear that, just again to add emphasis to match point you shoot the ball at the basket and this certain margin of error in angle. Outside, of which you're not going to make the basket right, and that is true in any gravity right, so so that you know helped and a lower gravity by. sort of margin of error angles. So if you gonna shoot from twice as far away, then you gonna make half as many baskets, because that But if the angles will no longer accommodate the distance over which the ball is veering often horse, unless you stuff curry, Wanna know what its litigation inquiry on Mars is a new moving as it we got a schizophrenic.

A gate, one quick point for you guys have to figure out. Ok, if shooting a ball from behind the three point line, is what entitles you to the extra point. Why would docking the ball from behind a three point? Line still gets that same extra point as you well know, the shot actually happens at the rib, Ok Neurosurgeon guys. I am at the three point like leaning forward radio. His hands are inside the tree point arc. That's fine! we'll get. Some three points is not only that you can jump from behind a three point line: land inside the three point line and councils, a three point out: ok, So I want your feet, but it's all about the feed. It has nothing to do with the actual shop. it's. Yours it'll, be a feeling of direct our. I gotcha technically It reminds me of the movie what which was it that stupid movie, but it was entertaining

Were they invented the alley in the movie and in the alley up it's like? Is that legal? First Alyosha, you gotta, look at an and say did anything happen illegal there I can't Should we illegal, but apparently it's not and we get it right. He goes. Our aim is not a question here is another one about Sweden patrons James Senior? He says a question about I'm: when do you think we will actually have I in a sense of an actual artificial consciousness? also, how would this be achieved would come from an algorithm or from actually uploading the human consciousness into a computer or by other means, so we ve dropped the bull time out. hop time, but if you want to call it a man now thinking about I've met over, you know some listen Functions underline that question that I don't know if you're right, so I think getting uploading into a computer if

it happens to me before I I before my eyes. My warranties up. That would be fine with me, but I do think that counts as an eye- that's just not inside a computer somewhere. So the question of what it is to be intelligent, actually becomes important and interesting historically definition of intelligence was able to pass the turing test, which is something invented by british mathematician Alan Turing and it basically as if I'm on one end your typing into a computer, and it Entity is typing back and if you can't tell us that Turkey is a machine or a person machines, intelligent. Go back to what I said earlier about the forty nine percent versus the ninety nine percent problems than this gains that look for him quote: intelligent, unquote.

Are going to be the ones that solve the forty nine percent problems. They're going to do things, we can't do they're going to solve a problem. I can't solve, but they're not going to look like us they're not going to pass the turing test. I don't have a good deals with traffic light, scary, dared and but they're gonna be great at trading stocks during a b great at predicting who's going to win sporting events, they're going to be great at predicting the weather going to do all sorts of things and help us and they're going to have something that we, I think we'll come to think of his intelligence, that there's not going to be Oh, maybe we're all of a sudden they go from not intelligent, intelligent were already seeing them. How long are you are you I mean I think, you're also implying that we should not hold consciousness.

as the method of whether thing is intelligent or useful or can get, I think it. The job done. That's right cause. I don't know what consciousness is aiming for a machine to say: hey weeny alone I haven't had my coffee, that's not against them. really happened. Why would we build machines like that? I would be if we build machines in a trumpet machines that need gothic. Whilst at the same I see always is that the machine will come to this state of being on it oh Bruce some ever lose remarried ass. It will achieve consciousness. It will sorted. It wasn't design that way. It becomes that way through. So many experiences that it is able to decipher for itself that it indeed is sanctioned and com

though, then, the number of times that things happen in the movies is not a tremendous indicator of how frequently they will happen in real life, and I dont behind dangerous, they'll, just chuck I'd, never setting from a movie. I said it was all allow me to generate aunt Izzie up. There was a dis polite one. I don't think it's gonna be like Terminator. I think we're going to find that these machines are our partners. We can do things we can solve problems, they can't they can solve problems, we can and we will collectively more than either of us to do in division, I think, and that now that's today and tomorrow, as far as well. They eventually so completely surpass us that we become unnecessary in some way. I don't know, maybe in some

far off land. But I imagine that for after I imagine that the team, the man machine team is gonna, be so much better and it will grow. We will grow together. We will work together to always do things that we can You individual, I'm incredibly optimistic about I need only remind you just say just like the rapporteur, that the future machines probably won't be a terminator that I don't know how encouraging that is, because any terminator at all would be bad. Yes, yes, and I I think that you could we we could get there if we worked out of the town. Fire an enormous amount of stupidity by a relatively large number of people, and that's why it's just problem never underestimate, because exactly you manage was now approved, humanity's net improved, but they can do that I'm just wondering man if, if machines are,

instantly learning that that part where they, our souls of a hundred percent problem very well, they'll be a point where they can and then are we not redundant? I dont but there will be a point where nature they really do their different, so their architectural different right, so we have a trillion neurons operating on no second timescale. Yeah machines have even these massively peril machines. Have thousands of processors operating on nanosecond timescales scale were different. The pictures. We should be good at solving different kinds of problems, and I could you eventually emulate human brain and computer and make it all started the same. But then why would you is the point that I love it right? I love this angle on. It does so much that I take if somebody your new parents, for your eighteenth birthday by

you a porch, and you say I only want to use it to drive up the driving a male. Nobody would do that. You're gonna use the poorest as a porch we're gonna use these. These computers that have a bit please we lack in the area is where we need help just learn, I've been using my poorest wrong. All these are what you got your mail fast today of the early internet. Let me gives my mailbox as fast as I can one last question: if it has a quick answer, I think we ve got to go back to the fact of man and gods algorithm Makin bugs Oak. Didn't you want to know now I just I just let me what happens if what that's not all right, What did you it's about? A guy who finds what called gods algorithm? It lets himself basically any problem, and my view is that he's anybody who finds this is better rights, whether

the government kills Emory takes over the world first and this guy realized he realized issues in this regime. actually want to take over the world in. He mostly just want to go It does anyone with his kids and it's about is attempted journey to make the world a better place before this technology is used to domestic Everything up, so this fella it's best to be fun. This is this is a day and you have confidence that such an equation exist. Such an algorithm exists. Others in this is the biggest open question in computer. Science is whether such an algorithm exists and I believe it does confidences. probably a little bit too strong. Has I'm a pretty small minority people occasionally measure it, and I I think, something like ten percent of the serious computer scientists believe it

I got an alarm access. You be able to tap future knowledge of systems. That would be without precedent in the history of civilization, don't mean more powerful. It makes you out of your parents basement where you are right now. You see this you ve meal, I can get the fuck out of here get turbulent laugh about around. Like I love the butler attic. What are we gonna call Crystal Meth gives were great to have you back always territory. In addition, I think there's more to plum in your in your expertise on these topics and will surely come back to you. On the second I'm a great excellent Gary always good to have? because you're, my friend all right, Jack, Jackie baby. There was a right, I'm near the grass tasting your personal astrophysicist bidding you farewell from STAR Talk, sports addition as always

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