The world around us is smart. We think your education should be smart too, with the flax path learning, for from compelling university. You can set your own debt fines and leverage. Your experience to move forward at your pace, visit, Capella, dot, you to learn more capella university. Don't just learn martyr. Welcome start off your place in the universe where science and pop culture alike are top begin right now. This is the start of sports addition. Neil digressed icing here, your personal astrophysicist, let me once again welcome my co host Jackknife Jack Neil, what's happening right sustained a comedian, an inn. In your current resume. We have the Napo you an actor. You ve been acting in stuff lately. Yes, yes, I'm acting like us, and a comedian working out alone without goes

of course, Garry Riley Dairy, their idea not coming to us today. actually from the UK vision in March, that is so yeah mom's at anxious hopefully the didn't vanished Do those days boy s gonna say: take I hadn't clean. Some familiar leaves a gift mega beggars of useful. Today, we're gonna talk about stopping the clock of age with regard to sports performance, this our whole. field. I'm just think about that. Maybe I know everybody thinks about your. Can I live forever, but that one who can really monetize that our athletes, I got a list here. I just you know. Tom Brady is now forty four thousand pounds doesn't count machine or get older soul. He saw the social development. Dishonest. I've had a double

an extra reason there are against bargains with Satan. Do not count, as you know, medical marvels, buck, yeah. Ok, what will ignore the Satan deals on this? Anthony is thirty. Seven and Lebron James is thirty six. You know these are old timers in their professions. Right and thirty, six soccer start first Cristiano Ronaldo also through. six, how you went up and down a field like that, if you thirty I remember when I was twenty six Three thousand thirty, six. Thirty six is really different when you're in your twenties, we want to know. Are they outliers? Are they? You know

This is something that we could possibly emulate, either with hard worker part medicine or some kind of training that we do not yet know about. So we ve got an expert for this. Ok, maybe get Kevin Stone Council. Welcome to start talk. Egg are returning champion overturn. Yes, yes, a friend of weak, if you'd been on at least once before. We now call you a friend of STAR talk, so you're a world renowned, I'd, say this right by a large joint replacement surgeon. Is that affair thing to call you? That's a fair, a slice of it? Oh slice, he's a slice loud observers, moistened headed by what more interesting for me and more important for the show is you are chairman of the stolen foundation and if Europe, science,

surgeon physician you all of these things coming together, bringing Europe your broad expertise on the subject coming together to help patients so bounced back and x. And they're their delay, their expiration date, for whatever it is their doing in their sport and more recently, just at the end of last year in and twenty twenty one, your author of a new book play for ever, which is destined for the best list, cuz, that's what we all want to do. So, let's less, let's get this party started how much does medicine? No, I would leave off. I know There you go. I question how much is medicine know today too, For any of us to believe that it can have any influence on our and longevity is one thing to live for a long time is another thing to be in your prime for a long time in those are not the same thing as agreement,

and the answer is, we know a lot about what does it work and so the first part of that is it first of all. Thirty six today, is a good way to say it is no. Thirty. Six is the new twenty six. If you started out on the right foot, if you are now an older athletes and you weren't taken great care of yourself all the way along, then you ve got a whole other set of things to think about about how to extend your playing so we know a lot about how to do that now, but we really know a lot about what doesn't work to your world case or do some obvious things we think don't work like drugs and alcohol yeah. Yet Mick Jagger is turning. Eighty soon I don't know that he and his in his teammates onstage were any poster children for a model I or a model lifestyle. So if you

do this at eighty, what do we need you, for? I you knew. what is the point out? What worked for me in what doesn't work for others in one of the things that you notice that works for him is, he has a tremendous amount of exuberance and an optimistic approach and exuberance is a big part of Interesting ETA me, are, you send a, but I mean there are a lot of people who feel like what you just said is a lot of this is like truly in your head, is, could that be the case that what you're saying so, if you took Mick Jagger Lifestyle in it had to somebody who was depressed or somebody who wasn't enthusiastic somebody who has just gone along in life. You, I don't think you have a Mick Jagger if you took Mick Jagger style and put it into somebody who's exuberant. Let me give you an example: a patient who goes

the surgery and I'm taking a patient surgeon. If they have a smile on their feet, they have a better outcome: the influence, the surgeon, the influence it these the influence, the nurses in recovery, the influence their rehab team? They do better What about that you more money without we have here is that of its weight and responsible and we enjoy so I think positive outlook and knowledge and argue that that doesn't help and good for things, but is that they feel kind of new HIV nodded. That's a bad thing, but you know when I turned to medical, experts. I wanna hear. What's going on with my dna, I wanna hear what what chemicals are happening. I wanna hear work which would cells or dying what rate, and I, what rate

how I think her feel do they? Actually they really do so. You know, there's a whole field of genetics, but there's also a whole field of Epic Jeanette needs in those that's how you're environment in part influences Georgina expression- and so yes, if your little new AG and you're happy and you're optimistic and you're going into things with a great attitude, you do have better genetics and you do have better health, and what other thing about that is that the other side to the mindset, as you were saying, Sonia Who said the mindset is so many of the injuries I seen athletes of all ages, our mental errors their mind. Wasn't in the game. There were things about their girlfriend they're on their cell phone there, skiing fast and think about something else. They actually in that moment were not in the game and that's where we see the errors occur Doktor here, if I ever professionally, if I got an injured injury or I needed to face a dream as a result of something I'm really not happy pass person,

difficult to meet a crack. A smile knowing and lost my place in the team. I'm gonna be out Ex weeks Ex months bar you're, saying to you, you're, angry, on a good day, I'm pissed off. This is how it is We have to look at the other as an opportunity to look. This is an opportunity for me two come back even better, rather than the tragedy I've got going off in my head this his injury exactly right, and so, if I can bond with you talking with you, but Where are we going to surgery if you need surgery? If I can convince you use that injury as an excuse as an opportunity to become, as we say, fitter, faster and stronger than you ve been in years? Then you can turn that injury into something that helps you and so was

proactively, coming into our clinic, is coming in with his rehab team. Is nutrition team is besides there? This is say: counselor is its coach. Why not treat yourself to the same set of skills and same set of resources, or at least the same set of technical, because their sole available in one or take even of yours main sport is going for a walk in the mall which use that as a goal to be able to go for a walk without having pain, but if there is more come back to playing football either at European for dollar american football. Why don't we use that injury and the best athletes? Do this all the time they use that injury and come back better than they were before, So do we all have to be really athletes will have to have the mentality, your heart everybody's Julia, that way treat yourself like a pro athlete. Work not everybody can daughter at you can

trying to teach in this book in what we're trying to teach to our patients in what we are trying to spread. The word about the resources that line the resources from your doctors, you're therapists, your trainers, Europe, there there you just have to access them have to switch that switching your own mind and say I can do this. I can turn this negative in your positive, so it really does as the old brought up before it really does affect your biology in affect how you he'll it affects how fast you hear it affects how all your teammates, Airbus and everybody else view you, and so, if you can turn that injury into that opportunity, you'll do so also part of our mission here in the book play forever, is how do you dropped it? A hundred playin, the sport. You love the way you do that is looking at every little bump on the road as an opportunity to do better to become better, faster and stronger okay. So let me ask them,

then, if, if you're, looking at it from a psychological standpoint, is it possible to overcome some of the bad habits that a lot of people have? Let's say, for instance, look: it was sugar, does to the body sugar, as is implementation, and the inflammation as a reaction that is damaging. So I can like positive, think my way out of that right, but you can positive thing your way to a healthier nutrition and healthier diet. You can take the Tom Brady approach. You can take the approach it so May. Athletes were wrapping as role models for all of us and say: listen if I

I myself, if I choose my body, were wont to fuel my engine ever car of a race car in my body. Will perform that way and if I feel my body poorly body or perform poorly Mckibben, I think, but when I came to learn is- and I came to this revelation- Maybe- obviously everyone else, but I had to figure it out on my own little Michael Phelps, and he was always got the body for Islam it, while he's in the warders six hours a day right. So right that that's it that's a factor in this or however many hours, and trained. Then I realise that what will distinguish elite Athletes from the rest of us is the is the is the the boundless urge to work on their body and performance we have Lindsey VON as a guest. Oh my

you hear her, so she fell one time go now thing and twisted. Suddenly she was helicopter away and all she could think that was getting back on the slopes not of GMO madam. I heard what I've skip that shit. That was not in her thoughts and the next day she was back skin and so so is not weaken. This is not a common way to think about our bodies and ourselves in so what you're saying it is true and is common, but it seems we only in this this very selected set of people who mines have this can reach these levels of access to their own performance that the rest of us can't, but you can't

you don't need to perform at a limp level to be healthy and fit in play forever. You just need to play every day. You just need to say every day I'm gonna play my sport work out. Do something exercise wise for my mind in my body and you if you do that, every day, Neil you become addicted to the good pheromones and hormones and testosterone and adrenalin. You feel when you get to that point of exercise. When you know you ve, exhausted yourself, retired yourself, your love, doesn't have to be olympic. Your level has to be just a little better than you is today. It's just my whatever is beyond what I am whatever that is, and that's why you never watch tv or read a book when you're working out, because if you do you're losing half the point of working out, half the benefit, you need to hear your heart rate feel where your brain. nor your muscles retired, and go just a little bit beyond that. Everyday agreed totally

Well, I don't want to hear my ears, my soul process. Are we going to see players future, maybe chuck Red Tom Brady, maybe look around. Maybe someone coming through who have deep last year, careers going today. Fifty it is we always know the desire? Is there a courtesy What is there in the first place, what changes is offers? A cavity Indeed we can be overcome. I had many seventy year olds now were running marathons running centuries there under age and they are performing at levels. You'd never dreamed of before and in part, is the mine in part, This is clearly their ability to develop themselves over the years. Many of my top athletic women did not.

become runners in Athens until they were in their forties. They shifted to that maturity that permitted them to listen to themselves and pushed their bodies a little bit past. I think I can we can take rate, but when we come back, we're gonna find out what the hell you doing to these people in your lap, but when we come back looking to find out what what might be actually happening in Kevin Stones lab start. Of course, it is, unlike other restrictive dies and workable brand new way uses psychology to empower you with the practical knowledge and skills you need to build smarter, more sustainable long term. its end behaviour, their psychology approach, is based on scientifically proven principles like cognitive behavioral therapy, which helps people better understand their relationship.

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it's time to turn your dreams into a reality, had disperse based outcomes? Last our talk for a free trial and when you are ready to launch use, offer code, starred talk to save ten percent up your purse, purchase of a website or domain that square space. That comes last start talk code. Start talk. So about the start of what a vision that I'm here our gas Doktor Kevin's, whose head of the Stone Foundation that I say that write your own pits stone clinic in Stone Research Foundation, the of the stone clinic and the stone offered. What a coincidence it has exactly the two parliaments organizations have under whose behind that there's no need not know do no stone right and of course, you gotta check and Gary here we,

for single. We just talk about what effect the mind would have on your body of your performance, but I want it sort of shift re steer that now and target what you're actually do with people physically. I in your surgeon, and specializing joints? These are usually the things at first go out. The first fail in any kind of attempt to do things a long time and so you know, the first thing that comes to mind is arthritis. They would have to say about. That. Is at so have arises late typically later in people's lives, but also what about drugs that you might give people that would rebuild their muscles or their bones or whatever else what would physically do do, though, what we're doing now that so different from what people heard above or is it every time someone injures they eat issues is bogus Balinese, though their monistic as part of the door there eight year we were hair or replace. Those dishes were place

does it injured and virgin takes it out? So we ve learned that if you take the key tissues out of the joint you develop arthritis of so many of us on this, also many of the listeners injured their need. school or college, the surgeon winning and they took out the minutes. Guess they said come back and talk to us when you go about right ass years from now. Are you need a guarantee replacement? So what we change is now. It's come back immediately and put the ministers back in the joint. We grow the arctic billet earlier that we thought you couldn't breathe, groaning learn now how to re growing, and we do that for young athletes, and we do that for people who already have arthritis in so arthritis to be a home and rest. Your knee and wait for your joint replacement now are threatened, is command. Let's replace or regrow the tissues, let's lubricate the joints. Let's head growth factors in her through your bodies, own stem cells:

Let's do all these things. It do regeneration of tissue rather than taking it out and waiting for your joint replacement, ok sure bring you back better than you were when you, when you're hobbled into your clinic. Who cares then? So I would do it just to do it. I trust it It's certainly brings you back better if you ve been living around for years or cutting back and all your sports, because they hurt you stopped running because you're joints get stiff and were painful. So what we are trying to do. restore the biology of people's joints, so we can then work with them physically the train and exercise and play the sports. They want but why would you do if what do you do if that degradation and deterioration is due- another problem outside of just wear and tear

or you know, use like what, for instance, if I have, some type of auto immune disorder. That cause is Syria of my joints or causes inflammation and my joints, which then turns into deterioration. So it's a great question so there's basically two major groups of arthritis, there's the inflammatory arthritis and that's the rheumatoid, Actions on me and diseases line disease. That's one group of patients that are not the patients were treating with joint replacement tissue issues in an injection. The group that were treating are the post, traumatic arthritis and the asked you are threats that group is usually athletes. Are people injured any or had or pick their parents poorly? and I got the genetic divorced. You are right, it said doktor. There is another technique, that's enough! It stood around used before it could micro fracturing right

and I know a number of basketball players had it, but I'm not not something I'd experiences you something! I'm aware of, but what are we doing that is obvious is it Titus is then micro fractious? Somehow we doing this, does this work, so micro fracturing taught us all a lot that if you bloody a dead, are Riddick area in it, join, you can get the marrow cells that have all these progenitor in gross cells in them to stimulate a repair process, but unfortunately, in micro, fracture, the repair process led scar tissue. But we learned from that that you can stimulate a healing response. So now we add something called a paste grafter, a mixture of articular cartilage and cancer true, that micro fracture worm or at Super micro fracture, where we stimulate a much bigger response in the joy and then we had growth factors to stimulate full healing back to a healthier kind of cartilage repair. Mothers word article.

remain as you used it thanks? So in a joint you ve got two types of cartilage. So when you crack open a chicken wing that way Shiny Subaru that articular men and women Arthritis are the killer cartilage down to the bone, articular courage is that why chinese surface that we're trying to re grow so this this process, when you apply the regenerative paste, if I can call it that is, is that an anabolic a bullock syrupy, because testosterone. Good for healing fractures. We don't maybe have enough of it in our own bodies to to achieve the process fully so think about anabolic we're thinking, past testosterone elsewhere too,

This stimulate the body, his own natural stimulation or anabolic healing process, as opposed to tat. Above so, if you have our right, as you have decorative enzymes in the joint bitter breaking down your tissues, and we want to shift that to an Annabel or positive set of growth factors and cells that are building up your tissues and so not astonished. Although

studying testosterone in order to prevent muscle, atrophy after injury, but generally when we're talking about regenerative therapies, rebuilding people's joints biologically we're talking about adding tissues and adding recruitment factors that recruit your bodies on stem cells and stem cell derive repair cells to the site of injury, and that's the most exciting part of this, because each of you sitting here even is mature as Neil have billions of stem cells in their body. Young people have more, but Everybody has them know about my cabinet to correct you, I've billions and billions Julian's Scullion Neil is, but he was studying these years in astrophysics, had he just looked inside, he would have found same number of billions of interesting constellations of cells? That is where we

studying today and trying to recruit those supernova as to your own injury, that's what this whole field is about them Do these stem cells to our stem cells age, like other cells, do they become less effective as you get older in mapping not to a stem cell is that it regenerates itself, and so when we go recruit your body stem cells, what happens is were sending these factors out. They cause this stem cell that lives in the walls of vessels to release divide into two one is a daughter cell, exactly like the mother and the others are progeny or a progenitor sell that Russia so the sight of injury and stretched doing its work. So he had talked to his assault and I've experienced this through teammates Bacchus as it and then, through my own athletes dont recover at this.

Speed, and sometimes as you get older job You recovery time, for an injury you would have had in your own twenties is made twice as long? Why if we reject of stem cells while when recovery same pace each time. So it's a great question a couple of things: Number one: is you get older? You do have yourselves, even though you have still have billions of number. Biology Ridge is not the same as you age. The make up of the tissue is different, and the number three, if you ask yourself, a question which all out the task doc. Why does it take a year. back from a seal injury or my chile's rough. These tissues need to Regos and hey doc. Isn't there something in just add to accelerate that healing process, and so all the research that were doing it donor search foundation in San Francisco is around which factors should you give way

injury so clearly in arthritic knee should get different factors than an ACL injured d or an Achilles rupture in we're getting very targeted now about identifying which cells will respond which factors. So if I may, I finally athlete new environmentally athlete into my fifties and then I go bonkers and and refused to leave and I mean my sixties, what body Ass, would you imagine Emma Cyborg. Why, then, of you- placed most of my boy wait. Wait! Wait list by unpack, that's so given when, when do you have to

actually start replacing body parts verses, encouraging the body to heal itself? At some point you say: look with you knew me. We need a new hip. We need a new shoulder. I some point you're doing that. I presume right so as to place their number one. You can run forever as long as you don't get hurt, so it's injury or bad genes, picking your parents poorly, that can develop arthritis, but if you have a healthy joint, you can run on it forever. The joint is designed to lapse as member what number two eighty percent of the people who have been told they need to have a knee replaced. Dont. There is an alternative for them and I'll turn of could

either a biologic replacement, pudding tissue back in or partial near a place where you just resurface, one part of the new or nowadays, if we have to do a full replacement, we use a robot and we you and we avoid cement because of the precision of the robot, so that we can get these people back to playing the sports. They love, even if they had a joint replacement using the robot, is the surgeon robot makes the surgeon me much more precise than I could ever be. So let me ask you this, then it if, if a healthy doing, can last forever what happens during an injury? makes it so that that joint now is so compromise that a kid last forever to remember. We talked about that weight shiny surface in the chicken wing that wage

any surface is five times as slick as ice on ice. If it's not injure once you injure, you create a rough spot in it in you, ve changed the entire properties of that articulate cartilage and it starts off the wearing away profits of you, dont get injured. You got some good genes, didn't go for her, so getting back to Gary's point is very much to keep playing soccer and is fifty and sixty seven was seventies at what point is is our have you touched every one of his joints? You saying if he doesn't get injured, historic are still working, just find the editor? Ok, so Gary you not Cyborg just Gary with some seriously injured joints up I got a feeling with Gary right now adopt storm would have to stand above him while he raises not the lightning and go

so just about right. Kevin? Have you seen as a Youtube video of sent a generic and racing a hundred metre dash? Have you ever seen This haven't seen that video, it very interesting. You know they're not go and real fast, but the pudding till the. We should answer those that there's no limit to the age at which you can either have a tissue repaired or a tissue replaced. Now. Did you earlier. If you're seventy and you come into my clinic and a still running? I wanna keep running, I'm not ready for a joint replacement. I really would like you to take a shock absorber back in my knee and give me a few more here's, there is no reason why we can't do that as long as there's still joint space. If they come in to lay in his boy not born, then we have to shift the capping it with a mental cap. Breaks is like when you get to breaks

next fundamental that you go and if you go in there like man, I'm sorry, that's metal on metal that we could do for your body. We gotta we gotta the rotors, the present? Sorry, it's a perfect analogy: plus avatar emission lubricant to the joys like a vigorous, the tin man and in the rest of us all, so do. Do you have a list of athletes debtors in you're? So so your honor role for those who you ve helped. We do that was he with his leg and my doctor, patient confidentiality says that I can't tell you

let me ask you this doctor, so you were talking a lot about knees here and in our knees and hips, which are you know, in problem areas, but what a bow these areas where we're looking at like tendons. So where you got, you know something soft go into the on itself, and what are you able to do for stuff like that, because that's another area of injury that happens to a lot of people, athletes, and otherwise it rose up report, but in the past when you came in with a tennis elbow or a sore achilles in the dark with Jameson cortisone. Those tissues and send you on your way, and unfortunately, often when you? on your way. You ruptured that tissue, because the cortisone shuts down the healing response and inhibits cell metabolism So today, when you come in, we inject growth factors usually taken from your own blood, called Pure P and soon some other types of factors as well,

because just as we talked about earlier, we want to recruit your bodies healing response, augmented accelerated at that spot of degeneration or sometimes in patient, though the exact opposite of pudding in steroids, exactly zero, transact, opposite exam. steroids of almost gone away from our practice. Why are we go? Take a quick breaker where we come back, we're gonna ask doktor stone about the future of all of this. What can we expect in five? and twenty fifty years and will, I'll be living forever one day, and what does that even me start ought to start talks, for tradition will be right back what do you need help manage into person learning my

for Miss techniques to combat anxiety or working through relationship issues, getting started is easy with tell adopt, telegraph gives you access to license therapists to help, get you back to feelings best to feel like yourself again so many of us are feeling stressed anxious to press on might be struggling with a personal or a family issue while many to pursue people who use tell adopts on improvement in their mental health. Virtual therapy helps therapy into your life, the phone call or video chat with your therapists and therapy appointments are available seven days a week. Seventy m to nine pm local time. Anybody who knows We note that I am a huge advocate of therapy and, if you're feeling like you might need some help, guess what it's ok, reach out, tell a doctor

p is available through most insurance or employers and if you're not covered individual plants are also available, see why tell a dock is ranked number one by J D power until a health satisfaction with direct consumer providers download the app or vis tell it doc dot com slashed, starred, talk today to get started. That's tee! O a d see dot com slashed our talk for Jedi power? Twenty twenty one award information visit, shady power, dotcom, slash awards. We're back Startalk Sports Edition have installed expert in making. You live longer better. I guess. If I characterize the hat and began a course Chuck and Gary Cabin, where will we find you the internet to stone, clinic dot com? stone research, DOT, org excellent and we can find your book I, your book was just released. Play forever

all very good in this segment wanted just talk about the future of future implications of your work, not only for the your treating now but in the future, Kevin Stone or descendants of your of your points of views and philosophies in this on this landscape. But let me led off with a question before hand back to checking Harry I'm in your book. You, you didn't play forever. You list five reasons to avoid space travel, and other them rocket might blow up I'll. Give you one of those is that one of them that would be a reason to avoid space travel. But what else by to? Let us have you put in that list Yes, our concerns about space, travel or many of course, but accessories creation, Lhasa, gravity mental status are all the first three that pop up in people's conversations and so.

we are really encouraging people to focus on what they can do, while here on earth and how to make her a better, because I think space travel will be predominantly for robots. And now is there any. Although it does, he ended his interview with under up now slaughter. I have one rebuttal, just one. The others on with it. If we the day, we design rotating space stations, there's no concern for for loss of bone mass or anything else that has so preoccupied the medical care happy about what happens when you're in zero g for so long irritated station you're in one g for as long as you want, and so that the whole problem goes away ready, Can we still working on that top people thinking there through problems on earth, know bout it out it. But

Who are we to say or to think that the solutions, those problems would not be found, exploring the rest of the universe vessel as on potential there, but any let's go. Let's go into the future. This and Gary you always thinking about, I somewhat their journey. I question here. Ok, so Can I will I be able to unlock the biologic story? and then sort of allow ass, an enlightened ass to be able to see the areas which we can address age We can address certain elements that have been beyond our grasp, sofa. absolutely yes, so in Europe, in the pocket of your doctor, is a high powered computer, otherwise known as an Iphone and on that I owe you can load the most potent intelligence programmes,

that help everyone make a better diagnosis and a better decision for the patient in the same way that if you take a photograph your Iphone today, it makes you look like Ants Adams. You know Leon, perfect photograph, the eight on that camera as made all other cameras obsolete, and so the air I in the pocket of the doktor will make the doctors decision making so much better. Where are we going to go where? Where for in your field, where would you like a guy to address its guys and find you solutions, specific We in name treatment, prevention and cure of arthritis,

So as we like to say, cancer may kill you, but our writers ruined your life, and so I think we can help so many people. So may I think so, many of all of our friends and parents and children, if we can just a dress focus on solving arthritis, which all of our research shows is totally solvable. Can I ask you this about? writers? I had a piano teacher who had arthritis and continue to play, although his hands mangled, and by that I mean they look like they had drawn up into themselves and he did not. He couldn't then the joints any longer, but he adapted his hands to play a different way. What is it that's going on with arthritis that causes that affect up like the the joints

drawing into themselves in taking this council? Fights look kind of state sought destruction of the articular cartilage currency bearing services the beginning. But following that is the lining of a joint becomes contracted in the most in tendons around it become shortened, and so that you can no longer extend that joint. So a big part of arthritis prevention is making sure that you maintain flexibility? So all of us who were active in fitness training focus now more on mobility, first and strength speck, because without mobility, you don't have the ability to perform to use that strengthen the most of them away. That back to Niels Busk I'm a huge fan of space exploration because I think that we learned so much from environments that challenges in ways that are local environments.

In the same way that we learn so much about biology from the arthritic joint. We learned so much about healing from the injured especially the injured, outdated, almost all major pro athletes, cheap, meaning tell him to do something and they do much more without time and then I learned not now I've heard from them what works because they pushed the limits past, but I thought work. It's the same thing happened in space. We learn from the people and that in the instruments it go to space. What are the limits of our design of our knowledge of our experience on earth so space? A huge teacher for us to be able to excel I just by biased, is that I think space will be predominantly dominated by robots rather than people, because we are so fragile. So you more than once mention the two

in your parents well right and so the the the future version of that is Jean editing. Isn't it yet? Where I can choose my parents, but I can. I can alter I can add them out the earth from a hoped. Damn checks you got me so negative, sorry MA I'm gonna put you out of this That, though, is best served them. That's the equivalent to this. in a nicer way. The way we say it is that some of the genes at your parents passed on to you, you can do things to stop the expression of those genes, so they dont destroy. Your life or your joints, warrior imagination, so

so many ways. Now we ve learned affect your mind. We ve learned how to affect your body. We ve learned how to affect how you express things, and so we know that when you take a simple supplement like glucose me, which we all have been exposed to, it not only makes you feel less death in it, acts as a precursor to the building of the lubricant and the joy of IRAN, a gas it, but it affects how the genes express that lubricant, and so our nutrition affects our genetic expression. It affects our happy genetics how our genes are expressed as well. So, even though we always going down the line of hay, will we be doing your coney anneal colony of editing our children? Yes, we do, but we do it in ways that are natural that are healthy, that are inspiring, you don't need to go in and edit out their genes to edit out their pressure. So daughter

Where are we gonna go with nanotechnology? What do you expect that today, with humans in the future. The way an experiment going on right now, using nanoparticles of copper, that we add the cells and tissue culture to see if we can make the cells produce more extracellular matrix, meaning behave stronger at and start the healing response. So the ability to use extremely small particles, small particles to develop to deliver stimulates, is wide open field that we think will make a lot of progress now so take that forward. You ve talked about robots in space. But what a surgical robots going to look like in the future. They are. They go to be well to do things, the cop quiet, remove right now or a pretty got pretty much got an idea what they can do. Oh, I think.

Word only in the very beginning, I've learned and when I picked up sort of a robot about eight years ago to make my partial and total joints replacements better. I learnt very quickly that it was far more precise than I could ever be, and so my precision has increased dramatically in, I think, going forward. My interaction with robotic technology will make my decision making and my surgical precision better. So I can right now it's helping technically, but going forward will help with the HIV and able robots to help diagnostic Lee and indecision making gave a cabin this one thing for the robot to make you better, but I think in the real future will have robots, can do things that you wouldn't even have attempted is isn't that correct? I mean just

I don't know what we're being example. I learn example would be like going instead of putting a stent going in and actually cleaning out an artery like a tool that small there could go in local identify a blockage, remove it and move on the exam. They had so it'll, be it it'll, be kind of tools that would perform operation that were unduly in a previous time: other than just simply making you better at what you were already going to do, and you implying that something that I can give you a job security gets noticing the dark. So why were you looking forwards were too soon why would stem cell knowledge. Are we going to take that a lot further oro? We ve gotta pushing as far as me, listen, go right now, our own.

the very beginning because, as I mentioned to you, you have billions of stem cells and how we induce them and how we get the right cells to the right spot. Howie induce the sell that goes to that spot. To do what we wanted to do, how we get healing to occur faster. ACL injured athlete doesn't have to wait a year. These are all spaces that were experimenting with. Now we have an interesting model called the lab on a chip where we can take the cells of the patient, put it on a slide away used to put it on a microscopic slide in your high school biology. In on that sly, we have tons little micro, vesical vessels there or or portals there, so that we can add different cell behind,

Here's different growth factors to those cells and see what happens so we're taking the lab on a chip model, the stem cell model, the growth factor model and testing it individually for each patient, and so this field of called micro, fluid x and lab on a chip is a space that were using to push forward the entire healing process, information that we wish we know more about, but the cabin this feels very different from the conversations people are having about living forever. Right you you're talking about is the absence of pain enjoins ass, we get older, she can still do stuff, but that doesn't stop you from dying. Who does unless you got some other plan in your lab, no end The answer is that number one, your relatives, your government, nobody wants you to live forever. They can't afford you know. What is there?

Oh, you are the ones that what they want. What we are trying to do is help you dropped in a hundred playing the sport collapse. We want to help you be live in active, healthy fulfilled who's. He asked a lifestyle all the way to the very end, and if we can do that, we feel like we contributed much more to you, then just prolonging alive, but not only that the entire care system that is supporting eighty year olds in up. That would be completely transformed the face of what you are talking about now: oh for dramatically, reduce fast. You said to me a couple years ago, Doc. What we know now is not good enough. We're beginning of ninth of nineteen years Gary twenty twenty two, what we know now. Is it good enough? Have we may the serious progress you would have expected. Let me out,

and say what we know now is how little we know how thanks what are you going to do next, honey. Where were you last night? What I know is that I don't know about saving a chop. Something Chuck touchstone earlier in in the show was a bow legal and in a way we ve harvested animal parts to replace human tissues in the future

going to kind of three d bring our own, or is the body going to reject that sort of material? It's a great question. What we're going to do is what we are doing is three by printing the regeneration templates for your body to grow into since we ve now we're getting better and better stimulating your body to regroup. Often it doesn't have the template or the rose trellis the grass grow out over, but if we give it that template the body can regrow tissues that we use the thing you put that good, that's good, particularly early ligament. So a big part of the printing part is not to replicate exactly what evolution is spent millions of years developing its to replicate a trellis, a stimulant for the body to grow through the salamander can regrow its tail. Without that that trellis child can reach the chief its finger without it, but you seem to lose them

as you grow older, even though you have the genetics inside you that know how to do it. so or learning now is. If we give it that tempt way. If we then stimulate those cells, we can get the body to re growing number of tissues. We didn't think were possible zone now with that type of will we ever speaking, Wassail Amanda. Will we ever have the ability to regenerate that which was never generated. For instance, some people have general problems where their born without a arm or whatever we we able to them programme cells to go in and then where that arm was not it's not out of the question is outside of the field of water

doing now, but it's not out of the question and where that applies right away it clearly in the spinal cord, where people have injuries or defects there and has been tremendous progress in stimulating neurons to grow in cells to grow. That previously, we thought you just couldn't do, including brain tissue, liver tissue, heart tissue all tissues in the past that we used to think once you're injured, you're done. That's really. Nothing and it's likely going forward. There will be re growing, is tissues. We didn't think we could guys are going to land. This plain, listen, doktor stones were great to have you back on start talk. This is really interesting front, Staff, army and we'd love talking about that on the show, and if you can keep us plugged in delighted about your new book and tell us that the ad I was standing where we can find it, so you find it on Amazon play forever and I hope that inspires you

and your listeners to stay active and play the sports. They love and not let anything in the and drop dead. The day after a hundred plainest boiler we'll make, we will make sure that the got. That's it. That's all the time we have a check area is good to have you there's my co host and and Kevin Book. We will find you again because topic is not going to go away. As with us. more and more ass leads ascend into their twilight years, but it's actually the dawn years in Europe. Reckoning of time stop. This has been start talks for today. Neil addressed Tyson here, your personal.