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people and then many many people also asked us if we and upon cast about it. And it is yes here. Firstly, is there was. I don't think I have anything to say about that. But then the more people asked tomorrow Maybe I should look into this. Maybe we should take a little farm see what this, what this is all about. So we yeah and that's what we're talking about today. Yes, I'll give you a little background on James Town and kind of how it came to be that they found themselves in a position where cannibalism, The option that they were gonna need to engage right, so dream, sound was founded in sixteen o seven and it was the first permanent was colony in what would become the United States, the virgin company got charter from James, the first to establish a colony in the Chesapeake area, and this is Actually, a for profit venture. The goal there was to find gold tourists Worms find a water route to Asia and the foot

on profit actually set the tone on where the settlers were putting your priorities. Silver impossible. Given the choice to build a house or down lumber to send back to England or between digging a well and searching for the gold. They would choose the latter that the proof more enterprise rave. So I think people having here that people were sailing from Europe to quote the new world to you, he got or to escape religious persecution, and while that was the case in some areas, that's not what was happening in the early days of James early days of Jamestown we're about making money so The people who were travelling today, town sailed on three ships. They were the Susan, constant, the Godspeed and the discovery, and they were under the command of Christopher Newport these ships, with an on island and establish James Fort on May fourteen. Sixteen o seven there were no women on these first three ships

is really a military, an exploratory settlement, not a town with homes and families in it there no women in Jamestown until late September, of sixteen o eight when a ship brought all of two of them know that settle for a moment They wound up on the James River, which is about sixty miles from the mouth of the chest of just peak Bay and well I can't say that they choose this location, because the water was deep enough for them to bring the show close into sure they built for in a more secure location, so warships couldn't just sail up the same channel and fire directly at their fort relationships with native Americans and the area were strained. There were times when the colony was basically hobbling along along with help from nearby tribes and at Four times the colonists and native Americans were actively at war with one another. Some historians really think that this colony was doomed from the start. Their workers,

people and laborers aboard some of the ships, but a significant number of the settlement settlers were gentlemen. They weren't used to manual labor they weren't expecting to do manual labor and the swampy ground in the area was not great for farming and building. So combined with the ongoing fighting that was on them off happening with the Algonquin tribe in the fighting among the leaders of the colony things right? we're on the downhill slow pretty quickly. Of the original settlers, were dead within a year. And really, although darling. Time gets a lot of the attention things were meagre from the very start and real proof. We started in August of sixteen o seven, so not many months after they arrive rain when bad water and mosquitoes led to a wave of illnesses that killed a lot of the settlers and weakened just about everyone in the colony Captain Christopher. Poor arrived with two ships of supplies in early. Sixteen o aim

not long after that, biggest so that big, bolstering Jamestown caught fire and it destroyed. The provisions in the equipment in the colony essentially had to start from scratch. Captain John Smith, who had been named as one of the seven council members to run the colony, eventually took control of it and he was made president of the colony in September, of sixteen o eight and he has the sort of rapid. Of being the man who saved names down like he was really the one that came in and got people's acts together, but he had been accused of play a mutiny while on the way over from England, so he in a late addition to the council, there was a lot of resistance, even though he was named as one of the people in charge. There was a lot of resistance to actually letting him bill that role and was also one of the council's least experienced members and, as you said, he put rules and discipline into place and he really fortified the colonies. Defences

any also trying to put a stop to some of the laziness problems they were having. It was pretty rampant in the colony with an, set up the rule. He that will not work shall not eat, except by sickness. He be disabled. So, He who doesn't work doesn't need to set up a situation of you have to do your part. If you want to come, and you to live here. He can't fly around. They want other people work and then still get food. Equality made it through the winter of sixteen o eight and sixteen o nine. By making increasingly desperate trades with the local native Americans, they had planned rating things like copper and beads for corn, but The winter went on and they started to run out of those things. People were made, increasingly desperate trades. They were trading stuff. It was more and more scarce and important, like their swords to try to get food the late summer of sixteen o nine, a fleet to bring supplies and additional settlers was scared.

By a hurricane on the way to Virginia one of the ships. See venture web shipwrecked in Bermuda, which you can you're about. In our previous episode, the ship save James Town. The remainder of the ships kind of holding the James town to bring what they had after the storms. Many of them boy who arrived aboard this fleet were sick or orders or dying and there wasn't anywhere to house them in the four, so they were sent out to be the lack in the corn fields and they alleged the eighth. Their way through all the corn that had been planted within a few days and this is really are running theme every time. Ships show up and Jamestown they bring more supplies, but they also bring more mouths. Defeat and maybe also rats which infested the core, had been stored and ate all of it actually cause John Smith to at one point since the colonists elsewhere to try to live on fish and oysters, because the corn was

edit either spoiled Orban ruined by rats What really happened is they all just fought a lot and were slaughtered by the native Americans, so while John Smith did seem to hold the colony better than the previous committee had. As we said before, that committee was really a lot about inviting and not about leaving. Things he had his fear of jealousy and this end detractors from the rest of the colonies leadership and they like Were of sixteen o, nine John Smith actually had to return to England. After being so burned by an exploding bag of gunpowder and the circle its is around that are pretty mysterious. We don't really know the scoop he was though, at this point on his way out as president of the colony anyway, new order had arrived from England that Sir Thomas Gates, who was it that sitting shipwreck, shipwrecked off of Bermuda, gonna be the man in charge after Smith left war broke out, but

in the settlers and the power TAT Indians. These work. Waxen of tribes, who were all tied to chief power, can achieve positive. Our goal is to get rid of all the english settlers he he was done with them and one of them gone so They lay siege to James Fort and start trading with settlers elsewhere. The tribes killed livestock, along with any settlers who left the protection of the forts palisade in the wind. That followed has become sort of famously known as the starving time only about C of the settlers who initially numbered between two hundred. Five hundred, depending on the source that you see survived This is a really harsh winter. They ran completely out of food and because of the thieves, they couldn't go for help help couldn't really cool. To them from elsewhere, and they were all packed inside this fort. The fort was

Basically, just a triangular palisade surrounded a few waddling DOB Thatched roof the buildings. So, on top there being no food and the threat of attack from the of american population. They were horribly overcrowded, so This was rampant and is also possible that their drinking water was contaminated with arsenic and human waste. So at that, acting Governor George Percy had sent fifty men to try to trade with the poet and Indians and only sixteen of those fifty returned. Then he sent a ship up the Potomac River to try to trade with the tribe there. They. It managed to secure some corn, but when they heard reports of cannibalism at the fort, they decided a better idea than to go back. There was to go home to England and that's what they did so completely out of food because they did not get that corn the colonies were to eat rats, dogs, cats, horses,

and even shoe leather. Apart from the other reports of cannabis, there was also a report of a man who had killed his pregnant life butchered and felt in her body to preserve the meat governor Percy him hanged by his thumbs with his feet, waited until he confessed to the crime and then as a punishment. He was burned alive. So I think the sort of speed to what the mental state of the colony was at this point that they had burned. This man alive for for killing insulting his pregnant wife What episode of stuff you missed in history, glasses, brought? You buy Norton three sixty with lifelong, let's just say, shopping online with your smartphone. I do it all the time they sure feels like your personal info is right there in your hand, but that's not always the case. As soon as you hit submit your personal information could start going other places. In fact, when you shot

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instantly bricks theories, and who can We have you and then put his hands up and say no foul, no foul with Geico its ease the switch and save on car insurance. No. Need a fake, an ankle sprain because you're absolutely exhausted so which, in save Geiger it's almost better than sports, and Percy himself. Sixteen years later wrote about people digging a bodies to eat them or linking up the blood from their quote. Their weak fellows, so, it was an extremely desperate situation. I think it would be hard for most people to really imagine living through something like right, and so the news reports that started making their way around in the spring of twenty thirteen, really about a new theory about how the colonists made it through that winter. It's more about actual forensic proof of people already suspected or maybe just took for granted the proof they came from work that is being done at the Smithsonian, so

Preservation Virginia found the skeleton and for against Apologists Douglas Owsley analyzed the remains daddy, was a joint effort among the Smithsonian Colonial Williamsburg and Preservation Virginia, which is a non profit. Dedicated to historic preservation,. The bones are a tibia which is a leg, bone and part of human skull, and found in the seventeenth century, pile of refugees in July of twenty twelve, this guy File was inside a seller inside of James, for which was being Ten after the starving time was over and also in the pile, were the bones of butchered animals. They found other partial human remains in the same area an Thomas West in sixteen ten after the starving time was over and also in the pile were the bones of butchered animals. They found other partial human remains in the same area, but these

particular remains that we're talking about had obvious damage that called for a closer investigation. They were also in the cellar under a layer of new were artifacts sake. Unkind of imagine that there was the seller. People had been thoroughly. Animals into it. At some point, the structure It had broken down and collapsed and it became sort of a convenient place where people to just throw their trash so their whole layers of more recent artifacts over these bones strata in the year. And the bones in question hour ago, phones, estimated to be about age. Fourteen You can tell this from both the bones themselves and the condition of her teeth so she had wisdom, teeth and partially developed routes for them, but they hadn't. Yet broken through and the growth plates in hurt, he had started to clothes which happens around in your early ten years. Determined her sex by the shape of her skull, the tea, has named her dream and they ve taken. Dna, samples, but it's pretty unlikely

I'll be able to link her up to modern relatives, the day went to the skull that they investigated included for shallow cuts with an attempt to into the skull to get to the brain the shattering of the skull to get to the brain and more from two fine bladed knives that were used to remove the face and the tongue there, also cuts along her tibia anymore, when they look at them under heavy magnification are consistent with known cannibalism from other cultures. So, by comparing these cuts to other times, oh cannibalism was taking place, they look pretty similar and it we also compare them to the cuts on the gene. Skull to cut an animal skulls. Normally butchering that you would see on by people who were really desperate for food on top of not Jane they're, not like that their hesitant and kind of tentative.

The overall analysis is that these cuts were made by people who were really desperate for food on top of being used to butchering animals. You know there's the is taboo element of. What's going on that possibly as one of the things that led to the fact that these cuts seem to be hesitant and ensure the combination of not really being familiar with buttering and the just massive culture taboo going along with with what's happening, cuts also suggests that the brain and tongue were removed, which it sounds, the grizzly to the modern. Here, I think that they were both very common pieces. It would be used in recipes at the time for an animal. It would be the same things that they would be taking right, so based on other evidence in the layer of the dig where she was found, as well as some scientific study of her bones. They the sea, a in enzymes town in August of sixteen o nine,

We, along with the damaged fleet that had been scattered by the hurricane in researchers used isotope attesting to determine where she came from an when and based on the icy in her bones. They determine that she had been eating a european week based diet where The american diet at the time was based primarily on corn and based on this evidence. They determine that she was probably middle too. Class, a young woman born in the coastal plain the Southern England, or she also could have been employed with a middle to upper class family and, currently was eating the same food that they would have been in the tea. Used city scans of all the pieces of her skull to make a model of what the whole school would have looked like before it was damaged, then forensic sculptor created a reconstruction of what she actually would have looked like, It's not known in all of this is how she actually died accounts from the time disk

colonists living on the people who died first rather than just kill. Them to eat them. Apart from that case of the man who killed his wife so presumably Jane died of some other of some draw cause. We hope she wasn't killed for me right right It does not appear that there's, no at this point, to suggest that she was murdered and then eaten, but that she died. Some other way and then was eaten. So This was all over the news when it came out yeah in addition, it being all over the news. There's a wholesale the historic Jamestown site dedicated to her room. Than to her story along with a book, and the video on DVD and we re ready for purchase and exhibited Historic Jamestown. So this right out of the gate, all kinds of stuff to it, or about gene vain and her story. Well, because I think he could pretty easily

that people would be fascinated and really engaged by this information. Yet based honour, our male yeah we ve come along and our Facebook and Twitter, and all that after after it came out yet people really really interested in it the excavation that this came from excavation of the Jamestown Fort site that has been ongoing since ninety. Ninety four, before that point, people thought that the original form washed into the river like that it was considered to be a lost sight and I was discovered at ninety ninety four and since that time, archaeologists have discussed the palisade limes bulwarks for the cannons lowers wells, burial sites and more than a million other artifacts. So analysis will probably still we ongoing for quite some time yet may get more new revelations about Jamestown S and more confirmation have things people already yet suspected or new.

So that is the story of Jane and the story of this. The starving time In addition, having bad enough that people resorted to cannibalism, it was bad enough. There when the winter was over, the colonists were on the verge of abandoning the site, and they only didn't win new bosses showed up and we're like now we're staying here here somewhere here, somewhere equipment and amounts to be the lot. That's a lot to go through for human there

found her yes, it seems like it should be easy, but it's not just getting out of bed and getting your day started. Trying to accomplish everything you need to do in your day that to do list as a lot easier when you're getting news stories and music to lift your mood and preparing for the day ahead, get connected to the things that make you laugh and make you think or make you want to reach out and share with a friend every morning with us. It's Elvis Doran in the morning show listen to us on cue, one or two or anywhere in the world. On the I hurt radio app allowing rehab some exciting news yeah, I am wildly excited

and people will have another opportunity to watch. We cry at art, yeah you set out its so called at its though not a calm situation at all. Our trip to Paris last year was really successful, so we're doing another similar trip this year, but this time to Rome and Florence its May fourteenth through twenty first twenty twenty and like last time it is with a company called defined destinations who is playing out. This whole trip for us yeah and during the week long trip we are gonna, see some of the great art that we have talked about on the show many times, including Miguel angel is David. We are going to go to Tuscany, we're gonna visit, say Peters Basilica. We are going to the Sistine Chapel, so it's going to be a fantastic trip, even get the whole list of places that we are going and information about looking at defined destinations, dot TK

scroll down to the roman foreign strip was stuffy, miss than history glass or come over to our social media. We have posts about it there too, and if I'm not mistaken, you also have a number of these are about our recent pursued and the princess who smiled the glass the verses from lorry large. As I listened to your past about the lady who thought she swallowed a glass piano and thought it was fascinating. I was wondering about one thing: you said that the delusions occurred and people from the middle ages to the nineteenth century. People just stop getting this particular delusion for some reason and a kind of mental illness is guy out or doctors colored. Something really enjoy your plans and will continue to work. My way through the archive said, thank you. Worry the answer to this question is that the around the nineteenth century ecologists, some by drivers, started paving the way that they classified

we'll disorders, we weren't quite to the point of death, the diagnostic, mainly those that exist today, but the way that they look good mental illnesses different, and so there is no longer a broad category of my glass delusions, but there are things. But people believe that are not true that are kind of Britain under Mental under other mental, so people, no, how glad solutions there just categorize different? Yes, where there are? Certainly people still believe that their work in one way or another, but that's usually look into some greater diagnosis, spend just last illusion. The other that we guidance for Molly and Molly. So thank you for the research and you're wonderful encyclopedia, hearing your glass piano episode, I was reminded of a character from one of my favorite films, the characteristic named the glass man. I had never

since this history, but your story shed light on his release Agnes and his relationship anomaly, a woman who receive no physical, affection and her child. After feeling. That. I had exhausted the secrets and stories of these characters renewed by interested them. Thank you for teaching. Having made this connection and many others I love that movie. I do to areas where my favorite at our, how yeah that's what my favorite movies ever and I have always viewed him. As having your condition that does exist called F Oki Widgets disease, where your bones dont solidify correctly and so your bones are really fragile unbreakable and it's the same thing that Samuel Jackson's character has an outbreak, I have always thought of- that is a real thing, but reading it as may be something this doll in his hand

Finally, as a fun lawyer too, that I need to go, we watch it now and think of it that way. Instead of thinking, it is like a real actual condition that he is affected so you're very much molly You also. If you would like to write to us about this or anything else, you can do your at history, podcast discovery, dot com for also on Facebook, at Bay dot, com, slash, history, class above and on twitter at Mister history. You can buy Tumblr that MR history DOT, tumblr com plus we're on Pinterest. You would like to learn more about the grizzly subject. Matter of today's have saved you can go to

website put the word: cannibalism in the search bar in your fine. How cannibalism works. You can do all that and a whole lot more at our website, which is how far more on this and thousands of other topics stuff workshop com, Netflix streams, tv. An movies directly to your home, saving you time, money and hassle. As networks member you can instantly watch tv episodes. Movies, streaming directly to your pc MAC or right to your tv, with your Xbox three sixty Ps3 or Nintendo Wii Council plus Apple devices kindle and look get a free thirty. They trial membership go to W W w dot net.

Dot com and sign up now available. Now from my heart, a new series presented by T Mobile for business, the restless ones join me: Jonathan Strickland, I explore the coming technological revolution would be restless business leaders who stand right on the cutting edge. They know There is a better way to get things done and they are ready, curious excited for them, technological innovation to unlock their vision of the future in each episode, so more from the restless ones themselves and dive deep into how the five g revolution could enable their teams to thrive the right This one's is now available on Iheart radio AB or wherever you listen to broadcasts carrying rockers upon cast.

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