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He was a self proclaimed citizen of the world. He sometimes credited with inventing the word cosmopolitan relating to being a citizen of the world. He was an enemy of pretence. An avant garde thinker, and he was also a humorous. So he had a lotta irons in the fire of philosophy, and this is diabetes vicinity and I've. Her I've listened to a bunch of pronunciation, some put an accent on the middle syllable, so it Sanofi Cinnabar sounds more natural to me, so we're going with that! Apologies! If that irritates, anyone but the trick with him is that his biography is based almost entirely on apocryphal stories. There is sound but not much solid information about his life and it Finally, it appears that he didn't write down any of his own philosophy. There is some debate over that, but there's really been no evidence that he did so. What we have is information- that's been passed down by his students and biographer, sometimes Vienna, several centuries

and I have to admit with my own personal friend of the point of view on this- that I kind of look at die out these acidity as a sort of ancient Greek, Tyler Durden, and that may become more apparent and why. I would think that, as we talk about his idea, in his philosophy and its life also reads in some ways like one law Monty Python sketch. So it's quite fun. This is not one where you're gonna get a lot of horrible stuff, although there are some twists and turns, but I think it will be an enjoyable little trip to the ancient past. So let's do it they are needs, is usually cited as being born in the year for twelve busy and as with much of ancient history, not really confident on that date. He was born in centipede, half Laguna on the coasts of the Black Sea, and there is not really a lot known about his trial. We do know that his father worked with money. Although we don't know the precise nature of the work, some biographies listed as one in some is another

he could have been a minister or perhaps a money changer or simply a banker, and we do know that Chinese, worked alongside his father and specificity as to the specific job. Title aside, the really interesting part of this relationship with money is Some point tragedies and his father together or diabetes alone, or even his father alone, but taken credit by their journeys, started defacing the currency that they were working with. There have been lots of archaeological finds that corroborate that a lot of currency from I was damage. We don't really know why coined effacement was the hobby of tragedies and possibly his father. Although there are some theories on that, you may have been a

but equally driven move related to the Greco, Persian wars or the time. Another perspective on the currency debasement features the Oracle at Delphi, playing a fairly significant role in the text, lives of eminent philosophers written in the third century c e by diagonally lerius. There is a discussion of the tragedies either being urged by the Oracle to commit this vandalism, although he was urged vandalized. Local currency, in instead of a state currency or of being called to the Oracle. After the fact to realise that his behaviour had been predestined and we're not. Certain of how this particular habit of currency vandalism actually played out in terms of repercussions. There are accounts that day

These was exiled for this behaviour, and some of them involve a lot of interplay with his father and who was taking blame and who really did it. But there are also conflicting accounts that say that dioxins fled before he could ever be tried for the crime which ever of those theory, as was the case they add. These did moved to Athens after this whole currency incident. So why not being a pivotal move, because if at this point that he started down the path of philosophy, one of Socrates foremost the scientists beneath turk biographies on as a student of his own in a much contested immobile, keep saying that. But I just want to point out like there. There are ongoing debates over the veracity of various accounts, but in a much better the version of the story of how dioxins became Anti Denise disciple Diana

Lerius tells it had. I agonies had to really where assistance down before the elder man finally conceded to take him on as a student winning destinies raise the stick to bad news. The derive him away his devotion was so vehement to becoming a pupil that he put his head in the path of the stick and said strike or you will not find any stick hard enough to drive me away as long as you continue to speak, and while we are also continuing to talk about contested facets, the diabetes story. We actually over. Certainly, he really did steady evergreen destinies. This is something that still gets debated to this day by historians and classicist. So keep all of that in mind. As we go to say, diabetes was an impassioned student would really be an understatement. He took the lessons of interest the needs to extremes, believing that he had to live the philosophy, rather than really

just talk about it. He wanted to reject artificiality and the luxury of earth of athenian life. In fact, he wanted to reject creature comforts so badly that he decided to live in a tub, building dedicated to the goddess civilly. Some accounts indicate that it an empty wine barrel and not a tub and that he was merely in a public square. Regardless of the details of his tumblr barrel, he was inspired. He said by the mouse, which was a creature which he admired greatly for the adaptability that it showed it didn't need all of these trappings. It can live anywhere, naturally, there's a whole other account of how it came to be living in this cask or tub, and in this version he wrote ahead to a friend in Athens, but he was coming and that his friend should find him suitable, accommodations. The

And was unable to secure lodgings for dialogue and ease and thirty possibly exiled man opted for a nearby barrel or tub in the public square in lives of eminent philosophers. Daphne's then, western as to his habit of living on the streets said the Athenians had already built in places to live in meeting all of the public spaces around him. An interesting approach to life far, we talk a little bit about some of the ideals that dioxins expounded on our pause for a quick word from a sponsor. Look at the third step you miss than history glasses, brought to you by love book, if you ve ever to share a love story with somebody, but you weren't really sure how to start that is where love book comes in. These are totally customizable books that you can give, as to the people that you loving care about. Most people use them to list. The reasons why they love someone. You can create characters that look just like yourself in the

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love book online, dotcom, slash, I you're and you're gonna receive a special twenty percent discount. That is only fur listeners again love book online. Dotcom, slash I heart to receive a spell all twenty percent discount. The urgency is owned, nothing and he depended on the kindness of others and some wiggly logic that working to talk about momentarily in order to survive. He did at one point legibly possess a cup that is. Until he saw a young boy drinking from his cup hands, at which point divergence, through the vessel away, claiming that it was simply an necessary possession say

wonder how a philosopher living on the streets managed to survive the elements he fed. You have taken up the habit of training himself to withstand any condition, so he would roll and hot sand during warm weather and embrace cold marble statue use in cold weather those those may be fantastical, fables of we just don't know how he did believe that manners were a form of lying. So he was prick Cuervo being really outspoken and really brutally honest. He's also said to have pretty com you're in public and even masturbated openly, basically any of the natural human activities that someone might do in private as part of living in A civilised society. Diabetes though, should all be allowed and public. That's part of often life when I first started looking outline Ali. I got this year about believing that manners were form of lying, for he was just outspoken and brutally honest mouselike. I think

used to date. The sky, like Europe, did not day those guys, thank goodness There is another story of a wealthy group of people throwing diocese bones during a banquet and calling him a dog after which he lifted his leg, and here are needed on them. Canine style ever get its export about dogs because they are often associated with them, but this is basically this time in Athens when he was doing all of these two. Some seemingly outlandish things of living publicly in October, Barrowman peeing on people that bothered him is people started to call him crazy. In fact, Plato supposedly called I agonies quote a Socrates gone mad for the relationship between the agencies and Plato was not simply a matter of me.

Name, calling balconies was very openly critical of players. Work. For example, one of the ongoing philosophic discussions of the day was analysis of the nature and definition of what it meant to be. Human Plato had defied man as a featherless bypass animal, to point out a limited view of this definition by agonies plucked a foul, possibly a chicken and brought it with him into the Flaps Philosophers Academy, showing everyone how he was carrying Plato definition, a human being yeah. I always get the zone of the famous stories of diabetes and I always get a little hung up on it because it's not the chickens natural state. So you can't be claiming that, but again he was a humorous, so any that the first prop comic, perhaps the debate over the nature of man and what defined humanity continued, two more eccentric behaviour on the part of divergent he said he would walk the streets of Athens carrying

lantern, sometimes you'll see it described as a candle, but more much more commonly as only enter and even during daylight, and he would hold it up to people's faces, claiming to be looking for an honest man and never finding it so we're laughing at the sky. We openly and it's important to point out that diabetes, considered very humorous. So while he was on the surface, looking for an honest human being in a way that might have seemed crazy, it best or Cherkis at the worst, he was using comedy to make a statement about the people of Athens having lost their humanity. They really felt that humans were living in pretence rather than in harmony with nature. That's research

no! I like Tyler Durden to me. We should also mention, though, that he was not the first or only philosopher who believed that most humans were walking around in this sort of contrived dream state of authenticity. Heraclitus, Sophocles and Plato all tackled similar issues in their work, but none of them took to the streets to challenge people openly and in their faces about it. To further comment on the trappings of human contracts, badges and say that he sometimes saw a man is the brightest and wisest of all animals that when he thought a fortune tellers and Susan And he really believed pretty implicitly that humans should be self sufficient as part of their natural state like he really thought we exist in a way that we could totally take care of ourselves if we got rid of all of these societies we exist in a way that we could totally take care of ourselves. If we got rid of all of these societal constructs,

He also did a little bit of fancy footwork philosophically to make sure that his needs were met. While he was living his natural self sufficient tub life, he would expound, for example, that All elements are in all things and that all substances are united, so during a little bit of food are stealing a little bit of wine was just making use of the natural elements that are all around you in the vapor. They. This happened to take the form of sustenance and apparently, despite all the public you're a nation and open criticism of literally everyone around him, tragedies was much beloved in Athens. You have people really I mean they called him crazy, but they also thought he was very smart and he had a lot of interesting ideas. So he's such a fascinating creature and dioxins, acidity with his disdain for social contract constructs, is also considered the father of Cynicism- and this is where

dogs come in, so the word cynicism is related to the greek word for dog and there's no historical consensus as to how dogs came to be so closely associated with diabetes in his philosophy. But there are several popular theories. The first one is that he extent the virtues of the dogs way of living as being entirely without pretence, which people who look dogs would probably agree with. The second one is that his meant her aunt, his Denise taught at a school called sino surges, which I may be pronouncing wrong, but that translates roughly to place of the White dog So it was more of a linear homage to his teacher than anything else. The third succession kind of leaps back to the first line, which is that the comparison between diabetes philosophy of anti pretence and the general care

Mistakes have a dog yeah, so that one is more like from other people. Saying hey you kind of live like a dog rather than him going. Dogs are awesome, they're, not pretentious. It's more of one is put on him, rather than him expounding Hon and this association of dogs with dioxin ease, persisted throughout his life and beyond. If you look at any artists rendering of the fellow, for the majority of them. I would say, as there have been a lot of paintings of him throughout the years feature one or more dogs by his side there, a lot of images of him kind of tucked into his little tougher his cast and sometimes therefore, five dogs just around him. There almost always dogs in the picture. So things are about to get a little bit wacky. Here's was gonna, so while he was travelling at one point The story goes, the dioxin ease was actually captured by pirates, you gotta have pirates and a good working story, and then he was taken to Crete and he was sold as a slave to

needs of Corinth and, as a slave diagnoses allegedly told his new owner that he had no say skills or abilities other than governing men. So he was made a tutor to z, needs children and eventually he was hitherto member the family, rather than a slave, and an alternate version of the story by actually chosen Xenia as the man. The pirate should sell him to your saying that has potential master look like he really needed to be governed me need different. Details compete with one another when it comes to the relationship between the agencies and the man who purchase them, he might have been set free immediately and employed. They might have started out as a threat.

Even then slowly that aspect of the relationship diminished or he might have stayed a slave, although one with a great deal of personal freedom, his entire life yeah, we just don't know him and that's another another. One of those things, the different tailings put it different ways in different translations have probably lead to some of that muddy water in the arena, and despite the fact that he was nucleus leave during at least part of this time in Corinth. It does appear that by agonies lived there in much the same way that he did in Athens, so he slept and bathed and gave his lectures in public spaces, and he issued the trappings of society. And he continued to share in live his philosophy of personal responsibility and minimalist living. As for the lessons that he bestowed upon the children, he was tasked with teaching. He not only taught them academics, but also riding artery and stones,

When the boys were in the gymnasium, he was adamant that they not be trained in the standard athletic style, but in a general manner getting their heart rates in color in their cheeks, but not really pushing to extremes So an always seems kind of odd to me it's one of the many later writings about him, because we have so often depicted as walking with a keen, and so they picturing him teaching them. All of these physical thing seems odd to me, but you never know. Perhaps it was true. There's another sort of famous story about him involving his time in court. When Thou genies allegedly had an encounter with Alexander the great apparently eggs andor wanted to meet this unconventional philosopher because he had heard a great deal about him and when he finally found this man on the streets of Corinth and enquired as to whether he was in fact the philosopher that he saw but there are our journeys is said to have replied. Yes,

get out of my sunlight. The eccentric philosopher openly criticised Alexander, which, perhaps surprisingly, actually endeared him to the ruler. So much though the king of Macedonia once said that, if he were not alley. The great he'd be thy oddities of city. This episode of stuff. You must, in history, classes Brass EU by W W, formerly wait. Watchers they have launched a new might be to be program at their most groundbreaking and customize programme. Ever I joined W W because I was really looking for something that was going to help encourage me to make healthier eating choices. They have really done that when you joined them W W program, you will take a personal assessment. It asked questions about your eating habits and your behaviour is not scientifically matches you up with which plans

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is an all in one membership for your cyber safety that gives you device security, identity theft, protection and a VP end for online privacy. No one can prevent all sides, crime and identity theft, but nor in three sixty with lifelike as your ally in today's connected world, because your information is out there sign up for Norton three sixty with lifelike today and save. Eighty five percent or more off your first year, go to Norton dot com, slash history, that's Norton, DOT, com, slash history for twenty five percent off In another belittling moved, I add me supposedly responded if I were not by oddities. I would also wish to be. The Han Chinese is genuinely funny ringer, I love it, he would lecture in public spaces and if no one stopped to listen got in this really interesting sort of cruel. It's almost clickable

the aim should style, would start whistling until onlookers came and once he had drawn a few people find there tension. He would then berate them for coming to listen to him whistling and being musical and point out how ignorant, though

but they did not stop earlier to listen to the far more important things he had a share. I e his philosophy, third of reminds me of when, like Joshua Bell, virtuoso violinist will just busk in the subway and yeah out for a walk on by not realising what's happening. Daphne's lived the remainder of his life in Corinth Greece and died there in three twenty three BC at the age of ninety. His cause of death is as cloaked in murky. Variations is basically every other part of his life story, varying accounts list, a dog attack resulting in rabies, which would have a kind of ironic considering out of previous doc, stuff food poisoning, eating a raw ox, or maybe a raw octopus. And even committing suicide by holding his breath until he died, and that last one is just as unlikely as it sounds. Probably, have you just died of old age.

Yeah. I think some of these stories were probably written to add drama, but he was Thirdly, when he died- and he had been around a very long time- and that was quite an old age- I I love it their accounts that sea held his breath until he died. I can't work, you pay sound and start automatically breathing. But while they are Chinese had told people that, should be thrown to the dogs as food when he died. He was instead given a proper and honourable burial. He was again, despite being this really eccentric, cranky pub you're in either very beloved. The account of his death plan is a little bit different in the third century, thy agonies, Lerius writings there he is said to have told Xenia AIDS that in fact he wanted to be- Reed, on his face quote because in a little while everything will be turned upside down and with that statement that he was referring to the political situation at the time,

Sidonians arising in power, and he thought a pretty big cultural shift was gonna, undoubtedly follow that a statue of the philosopher was later erected and scene of Turkey and it features that dog by his side and the signature lantern he would China people's faces dear. So that is this the more modern virgin of where he was born and one of the reasons I think that the life of the comes with a lot of it. Nation in the telling and most likely some outright fabrication. He was a larger than life personality, and sometimes that will kind of build. You know people will build on very real larger than life, things and kind of add their own embellishments. But I really like this one story about him. It is a nice way to kind of some of his his life, particularly at the end, Because, allegedly legibly as he was nearing the end of his life, he was getting burial

People would ask him why he insisted on continuing living his difficult path of poverty when he really could retiring living greater Comfor. Again he was much beloved. He probably had a lot of options and plenty of people that would have been happy to take him in and he may have still been part of Xenia its family. We don't entirely new, but his. But was apparently why so suppose I had run a long distance artists when I was near the end and not rather press on and love him, he saw dedicated to this whole thing is funny. I mean sometimes we lack of people's foibles in the in the pie, gas, because they are humorous. We don't often get to laugh at. He is being deliberately conical. Emma Pike asked us with an exchange of pace, from feeling mildly guilty about laughing at somebody's comical, foibles news. Bibles were what they were he, but he had a

good sense of like what he was. He was drawing out of people. He was trying to get people to think through comedy, which I am a big fan of, I think he's brilliant, but now will switch gear. Could I have a little listener mail Maybe there's one is for our listener: Diane and she's waiting better. Brothers episode when I was lucky enough to interview David Mccullough. She says you're right brothers, Pike Ass was a delightful, went to listen to you. I was amazed to hear near the beginning of your podcast that, while most folks know who Wilbur Normal Right were and what their remembered for most people know, more than that about them, let alone the cast of players that played a partner, historical events. I am one of those ill informed people, twelve years Oh my dad apes. Seventy and I learned about a man named Charles Taylor. We learned he was Wilbur enormous mechanic credited with designing and building the engine for their first successful aircraft. As an aside, we talked about that in the past. You may recall

said she says: did you know there is a Charles Taylor Master Mechanic Award, which is awarded by the FDA to those who have worked the aviation industry as an aircraft mechanic? I did not know that the eligibility requirements are impressive, not the least of which one requirement is worked for a period of fifty years in an aviation maintenance, career and quote, the applicant must have been an f a certified mechanic or repair women working on an registered aircraft maintained under them. Fishing regulations for a minimum of thirty of the fifty years required she's innocent linked to more information, and she says are we getting really good part We come to learn about this man. You ask my father LEO is a volunteer at the owls head transportation. Museum hearing owls had main at their annual volunteer banquet in two thousand three. My father was surprised by the USA, with the presentation of the Charles Taylor Master Mechanic Award. We all learn a little more about the Wright Brothers that day, but mostly about Charles Taylor, and I am so very proud of my father's achievement

Wonderful. It was someone recognise this enough to put forward an application for him to receive this prestigious award, and she goes on the sort of show the cool credentials her. That has done so amazing that a huge achievement so kudos to him, and she mentioned that listening or pike ass. She thought Mister Mccullough sounded just incredibly delightful, is he so sweet and kind, the stuff that we cut out at the beginning and the end of our phone call. I just was so delighted talking to him. He was so sweet and she I mention that her. That is very hard to by force if she bought him Mister Michaelis Book on the Wright Brothers they just came out and that he has been delighted with its had not read it before, and so he really enjoyed it. So, thank you so much for sharing that where this is it such a cool family connection to apart of history that no again Charles Taylor, I didn't know anything about it, but wherever that book, so it was to about him in mountain areas, are really prestigious. The worn based on him, a loving, if you like, to write to us,

we share your awards or just talk about anything. In fact, part of the package you sell, it is replied: ask at Helstone books, dot com or alter facebook background, Flash missed in history and on Twitter ATLAS in history or I'm pinterest dot com, Slash missed in history, missed in history that tumblr com near misses history, but spreadsheet dot com. If you like to purchase any of our, where's we have some new stuff, hopefully going in Spanish. Finally, got our nations shirt in there when you may laugh. If you like to research a little bit more, about anything. You can really think I'm good or apparent site house works. You can also visit us admission, history that where we have an archive of every episode of the show ever Joe notes for the last couple of years and Tracy and I have been hosting issue as well as the occasional other goody, so we urge you to visit us there

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