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Olive Oatman

2015-06-29 | 🔗

In 1851, Olive Oatman's family was attacked while traveling near the Gila River in Arizona. Olive was taken by her attackers, and lived for five years with Native Americans before being ransomed by the U.S. government.

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This is an unofficial transcript meant for reference. Accuracy is not guaranteed.
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the question of money in life than a clever. He got going back to decide who is right? There's no such thing as strings free money. There are. Some here lies right now about its traditions that men do pay women due to reach the fake reach. Money is one of those things that people like to ignore. You can be in all the other side's now on apple pot casts the heart radio up or wherever you get. Your pod casts Look into new stuff, you missed in history, when house networks now come along. One wonders how we tracy Wealthy and today's topic is one that I have kind of been dancing around for a while. She was a media sensation. Long before the concept of reality, Phoebe came around and long before tv. Even her story sounds adventurous, an incredible because it was, she was afraid.
Here, girl when in eighteen, fifty one she was captured by native Americans who attacked for families wagon of her story, is full of twists and turns so I'm not gonna do the usual. You know we usually we deal with a bit more intro, but I don't want you and this one cause. I want to just let it unfold, because it really is quite an amazing story, talking today about olive Oatman, so I'll the daughter of Rice and Marianne Scary Oatman and was one of seven kids born in Illinois in eighteen, thirty seven, although there are some records that indicate that it might have actually been eighteen, thirty nine makes me wonder if that wasn't one of those cases of poor penmanship, where a nine in a seven look kind of similar, because you'll see it written both ways in May of eighteen, fifty be openly He joined a wagon train with several Members from their Mormon church to strike out for the west and the omens for from Illinois, and then they met.
With the larger group and Independence Missouri, and that's where they all set out with nine again in a plan to travel to California, but not long after the we began the omens, along with a couple of other wagons separated from that group and by the time in the remaining families, got to Arizona famine. There made the prospect of staying kind of a daunting idea. Yeah. They had always intended to keep going West, but you know they were sure where they were gonna stay at various points but they really did not want to linger in Arizona, but there is also this fear that is they continued well that they were going to be attacked on the road by native tribes. This was apparently a problem that was going on in this common with settlers and after they had had a little bit of a reassurance from a fellow traveller that he had now seen any immediate threats on the road. The omens decided that they were gonna, take sort of the the more daring pan
and they left behind those remaining travelling companions to continue towards California, and during this they followed the healer River, which at the time was the border between, U S in Mexico and they were travelling along. What's called cooks wagon road, so they could really hope that this path was going to be clear of any attacks. But on February eighteen, eighteen, fifty one the omens, were met on the road by a group of nineteen native Americans, and this was near heal, a band Arizona according to count. It was written later, based on olives recollection. The last thing rice said to his family was: do not be alarmed. The Indians won't hurt you, yeah he's generally characterized as a man who actually believed those native american violence was born of poor treatment from white settlers and that, if you treated people kindly, they would treat you kindly in return. But unfortunately this did not play out in this particular interaction. After that, the natives,
come in contact with first asked for tobacco and other supplies, which the omens handed over the interloper darted rummaging through the omens wagon and when Oatman, finally told them. He just could not give them any more food without damning his family, starvation things turn violence. The group of men attack the omens, killed both Royce Marianne and four of the children all have fainted and when she regained consciousness. She heard her mother groaning and tried to go to help her, but she was held back their attackers, theatre, sister, Mary Ann, who were both terrified watched. While the men looted the wagon and the bodies one of the other children Lorenzo Oatman with fifteen at the time, and he had been and left for dead, and in fact he had been tossed over this kind of ravine edge. But he did eventually regained consciousness. Some time after the event had happened
Did he quickly realized that most of his family had been murdered but his sisters? live in Marianne were simply gone. Lorenzo tried to make his way back to the wagon train that the family had originally split off from They were at Maricopa Wells Arizona, which was a little less than fifty miles or eighty kilometers away. This was a long and slow journey and he was extremely measured. Fortunately he was found by men from a nearby village. He recognized him and got him to America. Wells Lorenzo receive treatment for his wounds there before going back to bury his family in any sort of a clear twist to this story, I mean the whole thing is extremely cruel, but Roy. When I had actually sent word ahead to Fort Uma, that the family supplies were running low, that he had seven children with him and that they really needed assistance
and an end to Molly just that they had met on the road named John Locke Conti had been carrying that request to Fort Uma and on his way there. He and his guide encountered a ban native Americans on the trail, and that group stole the horses that locality and his guide had been riding, and so Two men decided that they were going to continue towards for human on foot, but they that they may not get. That note delivered in a particular we manner since he no longer had horses and so locality had actually posted a war card on the tree for the omens that there were hostile native Americans in the area we dont know if Royce. Saw that warning or not. There has been some speculation that the same men that stole locality and his guides horses were part of this party that eventually attack the omens Meanwhile, the two surviving opening girls were basically starting. A new life is captives of the people who had left them orphaned. Oliver sport
at the time and Marion was seven. After the attack, the two girls were forced to walk barefoot for four days over approximately sixty miles or ninety seven kilometers worth of terrain I love would later tell people that their counters had been Apaches, but that has largely been dismissed. The more likely group to have captured these girls and attack the family would have been yove apply. They had a village much closer to the site of the attack just me, the logical sense and its highly likely that they were took up higher, switch. The specific small branch of the other pie they kind of identified by geographic location, so we don't think it was Apaches initially olive was afraid that are kidnappers or going to burn them alive. She also feared
as they march they would try to leave Marianne behind because she was struggling to keep up. Marianne who was suffering from shock was beaten when she refused to go any further because she was basically exhausted. However, the two girls were both kept alive. And while the other pie had dabbled in ceremonial cannibalism on occasion that was apparently a fairly rare occurrence- and that is not the fate of the opening girls a year. These two girls were basically kept. His slaves were doing the bidding of the other pie, women and children before we get to the next event, which really shifts the fortune of the open sisters. Let's pause or a word from some sponsors. Hey pack has listeners. Have you ever wanted to share a love story with someone, but you may be wanted to do it in a really unique in interesting way, or you were struggling to get the exact rate words in place. Will you don't know
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Initially, the other pie refused, and these girls remained with their captors through that winter, but in the spring, the Mojave Chiefs and his daughter and five men to once again try to make a deal for the girls After a lot of debate, the Yom, if I took the deal, although the Mojave were really insisted that they were acting out of kindness and concern for these white children, the Why, though, told olive that they are going to be sold or killed so ass? She and Marianne were traded to their new owners. They were completely uncertain whether their situation was improving or getting worse. In the end, the Mojave paid to worsen three blankets and an assortment of vegetable, Beads for the two captives, and initially them how they might have seemed just as crucial as the younger pie had been. This is a crime that normally travelled very quickly and, as has been the case with their kidnappers, the girl struggled to keep pace.
They travelled. However, unlike the other pie, the Mojave saw that these girl struggling and they made adjustments to try to accommodate the situation, so they actually made the girls some foot coverings kind of ad hoc floor coverings out of some animal skins. That day and an they decided that they were going to shorten the distance that they travelled each day like they would just let the journey take longer, so that these girls could actually make the journey and not be. You know potentially physically harmed by the gruelling scheduling wanna, keep event that taking eleven days of travel for this party to reach the Mojave Valley, while there hurry. The oatman girls were treated as tried members rather than a slave. They were fed and they were cared for, neither of which had seemed routine during their time with a occupy
it seems like they were adopted by a leader and his wife, and that this family is probably also who, who arranged for the two of them to be traded from the tribe, had kept them in slaves they but being raised as part of the family and This time the girls were tattooed, and this is often what you see olive Oatman kind of referred to as the woman who lived with native Americans and returned with this tattoo on her face. So this was a pattern of line and triangles on their chin than it was blue, and while these were common markings in the Mojave culture and they served a symbolic sort of passports into the land of the dead. It was really quite a spiritual marking all of later tell people that this income marked them as slaves and we'll get to wine that may have played out later. Regardless of how olive would have eventually painted it, and even taking into account that this is likely something that the
they did believing it was gonna benefit the girls. This marking did change, permanently in a way that was going to forever set them apart if they were ever to return to the life they had once known. So it was one of those things that really kind of became a significant demarcation of like you can never go back, from? This is still a lot of uncertainty about how indoctrinated olive would have become into the tribes customs, especially that related to sexual practices the Mai. Roddy are said to have been very sexually pretty liberal, especially compared to that bringing that olive had had it was common for them to encourage young people to be sexually active. There were also had a fear of having sexual activities with other races, so I'll leave categorically denied any sexual activity during her time with him a hobby. But the debate among historians really contain
is appalling. We're talking before we started about how a lot of the biographies of olive open from earlier in the past really highly sensationalize, so I have a feeling that that plays a part in all of that as well actually interesting in this particular instance, and on this particular issue. Is that are believers and detractors in terms of lake, whether or not she was ever married or sexually active within the tribe on by sides both on the sensational angle and the more kind of measured and historically research dangle, because there are some experts in this tribal culture that say but the odds of her getting mark that way. And not having been part of the tribes. Full culture are pretty low, but then there are others who point out: no, they had this fear of sexual intermingling with
races and then, of course, on the sensational side. It was very exciting to kind of you know, think about the horrible things that these girls might have had to endure in. Some of that may have been join nature. And so it's an interesting area where there are a lot of voices in a lot of dissenting opinions, but they come from all different directions. You may that, at this point, we're talking about olive specifically, and that is because Marianne actually I'd while they were living with the tribe. This happened when she was around the age of twelve. This is not something that happened to her because she was a captive though she suffered. Fate as many of the other members of the Mojave when a drought in eighteen, fifty five caused severe food shortage and starved many of them to death. So there was a time when the American West was still being colonized and as contact with native american people's was becoming more common. Presence of a white woman already living with a native tribe, didn't go unnoticed, but at the same time,
people who were new to the area attended to just disbelieved this information when it was circulated as rumour rather than his fact. Yeah and there is actually an interesting instant incidents that happened in eighteen. Fifty four. So at that point the Whipple expedition. Which was a wagon train of soldier servants, herders and scientists that were assembled to survey a route for ITALY. Continent, railroad actually came in contact with the Mojave, and they trade with all of for a week and the presence of olive and her sister. She would still be alive at this time. At the native amiss settlement would have been obvious, and this may be where many of the stories that spread about white women living there began, but it seems that olive didn't really make an effort.
Preacher reach out to any of the members of the whip, also re. She had later tell people that their Mojave always told her that she was free to leave, but that she never knew which way to go from the settlements. Though she stayed. There seems like an opportunity for an avenue back to a white settlement, but she didn't really to ever, explore it yeah, there's even some debate over whether she may have hidden from the the men of the Whipple Expedition so that I remain sort of an odd question mark, but eventually, once the confirmation of this unusual situation of a white woman living with this tribe was the real deal was actually happening. There was action taken and a message was eventually sent after a lot of
goal maneuvering to them a hobby village asking for olives release, and this started a very long series of negotiations. At one point, the chief told the negotiators I would like to raise this girl. We traveled far too by her. We like her when we want to make friends through when those who come by us know how we treat her. They will treat us well too. If the officers went to see her, they had better come here and talk with me yeah, he really one, and she felt earnestly that if you talk to the people in charge, they would understand an conversations and negotiations continued, because this was a sort of a big deal at this point a ransom was offered, and our we should point out was not asked for by ah ha Bay. It was simply offered by these negotiators. They were trying to get all of back and olive was actually present. For some of these talks about her future, though it doesn't seem like he
lot of input. Eventually, she was released for a negotiated ransom of two horses, blankets and being so very similar to the deal with that the pie had made with the Mojave for Olive and Marianne, and then olive was taken to Fort Uma when all was turned over to the. U S army, she wept, but these were not tears of joy. She grieve the loss of her Mojave family. She tried to bury herself in a sand bank by the Colorado River, although there are some debate about exactly why she did this summer.
Say that she was trying to hide her topless, miss and others claim that it was driven by being reluctant to return to a world of of white culture and a white town, but before we get to olive life after her time with the Mojave left pause forward from a sponsor, they were gonna start about square space, which is super easy to use it as a drag and drop intuitive interface. You do not need to learn how to code to put together a really fabulous unbeautiful website and you're gonna have twenty four seven customer support there to help you any day any time they can support you through email through live chat, they're gonna, help you make beautiful designs,
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production to white society was, as you would probably imagine, a little bit jarring first, as we kind of hinted at a little while ago. Her clothing was inappropriate. It left her upper torso completely uncovered, so she had to be changed into proper clothing to something she had not worn, for it is point years she also needed to be bathed and one of the sort of big transition things is that her hair at this had been darkened with mesquite from its normal light brown shade to a deep black, some kind of his leg, literally watching off her mojave culture. At this point that second year at this time is often characterized as a sort of hell on earth.
His heart, which is part of it, but it was always hot. However, that particular year in eighteen, fifty six there were some extremely violent dust storms and they also had a really serious bug problem at the time and just the conditions there at for you. My were not fabulous people tiered for her when she arrived, but I didn't really understand why she gave a formal interview with an officer during which she recounted all that she had been through to the best of her recollection forever. Answers were incorrect and some of the timeline roll off, which is not really surprising and when she spoke of the Bahamas, she said they saved my life. Yet this initial interview that she did is often kind of
on up as as evidence against that many of the leader writings about her that no, this doesn't really line up with the first things that she told white people when she started talking them about what she had been through. This is also during that interviewed. The time that she learned at her brother had actually survive the attack by the healer River, so very quickly Lorenzo were united. He had actually been searching for her in the years since their separation he'd been looking for his two sisters, pretty continuously and even went on scouting trips of his own. He petitioned authorities to take a more active role in searching for answers about just what had happened to his missing sisters. She based became famous overnight newspaper sicker story and really ran with it and soon ever,
but he knew some version of olives story here, and there was actually a book that came out the year after she left the Mojave in eighteen. Fifty seven in this book was titled life among the Indians and it was written by royal, be strategy he was a minister and he certainly had an agenda in the writing of it. This book flew off the shelves and the plus side it made enough money to put both all of enlargements have through school. At the University of the Pacific. The book was pretty sensationalize and alive. Its content appears to have been basically invented. It was not an accurate account of olives time living with native Americans is actually probably with its appeal, may reinforced a lot of false beliefs and fears and prejudice. Is that
white colonists already had, and this book also launched olives career as a public speaker, so in the years following she would spend a lot of time touring the country and relating her story. Although it did seem at this point that the story that she was telling was the one that We wanted to hear and lined up with straightens book than the one that she actually lived and had initially described in her interview with the military officer when she first came back. There is also some speculation that one of the reasons that her story sick did is that she experienced some degree of post, traumatic, stress disorder while trying to return to white society and the two sides. Degree, her memories and her impressions over time with them. A highway became kind of muddled. With her time with her original captors
Certainly not unusual for someone who's been through a trauma and, frankly, someone who hasn't been through a trauma to experience some degree of memory distortion and she kind of talked about this in letters to family as she was settling back into life among White- One is where she would be like. Oh I'm, just now realising you know what I've been through and what what's going on, and so we don't know how much of the reality shifted during this time in her mind and will never know for certain whether her telling of this story ass, she did in these public lectures, was coloured by mental anguish or, to some degree, a sense of theatrical. Remember this
supporting her at this point, or if it was some mingling of the two in eighteen, sixty five, all I've got married to a cattlemen named John, be Fairchild. The two of them met after one of her lectures and according to some accounts, her new husband was really not interested in olives. Pass to the point that he seemed to just one erase it. He stopped her from going on lecture tours. He burned all of the copies of this Stratton account of her times a captive. They could get his hands on
We don't really know if he was trying to protect her or if he found her past shameful yeah. He apparently really went to some great effort to procure every possible coffee he could of that book and have it destroyed, and what s interesting is that this marriage to fair child- and it seems like they had really quite a good match. I wanna be careful that we don't sort of just paint. This is a man who was very controlling and wanted to eliminate her history, but he we don't know what his his motivations were, but we do know that at this point, sheep pretty much severed. All ties with her biographer Stratton and strategy had also been the person responsible for booking her lectures, and he is really said too strongly encouraged, heard, distorted version of her story. He knew it was going to draw crowns, and so he was really pretty gung ho on the sensational version
and eventually went mad and ended up dying in an asylum, but it after her mayors of her child. He was no longer part of all its life seven years after their wedding, John and Olive, moved, Sherman, Texas and four years after that, in eighteen, seventy six, they adopted a daughter, Mary Elizabeth, you, they called maybe you're hurting Mary Elizabeth was the combination of each of their mothers aims and ass she aged, even though her life in many ways seem to be kind of settle than an really pretty stable. I've experienced a lot about depression, which is probably not a big surprise. When you consider what she had endured at a very early age, so frequently troubled with headaches. There are rumours that she went into an asylum, although none of that is substantiated, but we do know that in eighteen, eighty one she spent several months in a medical spy in Canada and that most of her time there was basically spent just on bed. Rest.
In nineteen o, three olive oatman, fair child died of a heart attack at the age of sixty five she's buried at west till cemetery and serve in Texas and in nineteen sixty nine, a Texas historical marker was added The great site, the story of olive omens life has so many variations, depending on the telling that there are always gonna be a lot of question marks involved in it. Insatiable nature of it, even without the Stratton Biography, and the kind of really amp up crazy stories that he included actually is Your other performers to adopt some of olive story is their own, so there were actually some circus ladys. That would sometimes tell almost identical tales of having been adopted by so called quote, Redskins and tattooed to show that they belong to a tribe, and this of course you know that further diluted the truth of olives original story in the past. The mind in it. It led to see some, you know, sort of legend and confusion
Some of the more lurid accounts of her life there were even some claims that people made after the fact that they had rest you'd olive from her captors, but so basically really easy to expose as false, because they had a number of he received a year, there was one guy that claimed that he had walked into the tv where these people were keeping her and he had carried her out, and there are some other elements to it, and- and someone very quickly was like hey those native Americans. Don't use teepees So there were things like that. They just kept coming up that that pretty quickly made those crazy accounts, obviously falsifying, but another part of the mystique of our story comes from the vast contrast that would have existed at the time course between her fairly serious Mormon up bringing up to the time of her kidnapping and then her time in the Mojave culture, which is so very different in terms of value
start, her family and let a very serious life, whereas opens adoptive family, would likely have been a much more light. Hearted group, it said that the Mojave really loved a joke and that they were very comical they loved laughter. They would make some very very off color, jokes and in fact her nickname when she was with them, is a very dirty word. Basically, we're not sure exactly why she caught that nickname, but it did not seem to be. In any way derisive. They also worrying, and at that point in society were women would have had a great deal, or freedom and a higher social standing than that they would have been in. You know, white culture, particularly in this era, well, there's always been speculation about this juxtaposition and what it meant in terms of olives demeanor. We really.
No, though, what level of autonomy she may have had in her time at the Mojave verses, you know what she had experienced prior or after them, but we do know that after she returned to white culture, she was consistently stoic and serious. There's actually only one written account of her ever laughing, and that was during their first interview that she gave after she had returned so part of all mystique undoubtedly also comes from the vast contrast that existed between her mormon of bringing up the time of her kidnapping and her time with native Americans and specifically the Mojave culture, where is her? Family had lent a very serious life. Olives, adoptive family, with them a hobby, would likely. Have been much more comical and light hearted. This is a culture that, at the time, certainly was all about jokes. They really liked a good joke, including good dirty. Jokes laughter was very import.
And at this point, women in their society would have had a great deal more freedom and a higher social standing than would have been the case with the white culture that olive came from. While there's always been speculation about juxtaposition and when it met in terms of olives demeanor we truly know what level of autonomy she may have had in her time with them. Aha babe as a woman return to white culture. She was consistently very stoic and serious. There is actually only one account on record of her laughing, and it was actually during that first interview that she did with the military right after she came back from living with them: a hobby, As for the Mojave version of Olives time with them, we don't really have a lot of documentation because they had no written language. The only first person account we have of the open children during this time. As from an interview that was conducted in nineteen o, three anthropologists aid
Robert spoke with a member of the tribe who knew olive, and that means account was really vastly different from the story that was put forth and straightens book It's it's definitely much more. In line with the initial account that olive gave, it certainly characterizes her relationship with the tribe as much more of a family situation and one where she seemed pretty settled. Acted unfairly, happy so very different from straightens book and olives legacy lives on actually in a number of ways there area near where the open family camped rate by the healer River, which is called open flat and there is actually a mining town in Western Arizona that was renamed Oatman in nineteen o nine in two thousand six hundred and fifty years to the day after I'll have left the Mohammed tribe there,
gathering, Numa Arizona at the sight of them and massacre, one of olives, family descendants, retold olives story to the crowd and kind of two to summarize the nature of this story in Margo Muslins book, the blue tattoo, which came out in twenty eleven in it's kind of the the scholarly biography, down of her that really researched all of the various accounts and tried to sort out the sensational from what was really going on the other sums up the mythology of olive Oatman kind of perfectly by writing, quote in her day. Only was freakish enough to invite speculation and guarded enough to ensure the speculation, never ended. So that is our olive Oatman had pursued. I like I said I wanted to do this. For me,
time, and I really could have made it go on four days, because there are so many details of her story in her time, both as a in white culture and in the native american culture that are so fascinating. I highly recommend that book by the way have them listener: mail to cap, the Sala Adieu. This listener meal is from our listener, Jordan, and she sent us a lovely letter, impersonal, Hepsey, Jordan, your penmanship, a spectacular. I am not having actually says, hey, Tracy and Holly. I was just going to separately male these postcards to you. She included postcards with the letter, but decided I not enough room to write anything of importance. So this is my letter. I have been a turn out for a few years, and I have recently hooked my mom dad and sister on your podcast. We spent family trips engrossed in multiple episodes at a time. Family discussions have never been so rich and education.
This past week, my family and I made a trip to Kansas City Missouri. The first things we planned were visits to to local museums. First was the Negro Leagues Baseball Museum, as I am a huge fan of baseball in the history of it has tied to our nations history, the second museum. We tracked our way to was the national we're one museum at liberty. Memorial both were full of facts. I have never heard until now the whole time I was that these museums, I thought of you to. Hopefully you find some sort of joy and interest from these postcards and spark a desire for future episodes. P s. I would also like to thank you for all the work wonderful episodes on histories, finest women, I've been finding the most joy and these episodes especially Alice, Roosevelt, in writing the names of these inspiring women down in a note book, with a short summary of the amazing things they did. I looked at this list in times when I am eating a little extra motivation or SAS. Thank you again since,
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episodes their available. We have shown our for any of our episodes Tracy, I became part of the pond cast and the occasional other goodies. So we hope you visit us again how some work start home in this industry: dot, com, Furthermore, only thousands about atomic workshop. Hey listeners. I wanted to tell you about a new podcast from my heart radio called the women hosted by rose red. It is fascinating and deep dive interview show, where rose, talks, to change makers and disruptors, and she finds out what really drives them. So she will ask each of them. What was your first stand, How do you navigate success and failure, and really what's the cost of fighting for others?
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Transcript generated on 2020-02-02.