Ok, honey, I'm at least that new car today, but first hear some flash. Hard to go, releasing vocabulary quiz me. You do not need to know all these. You don't hear look. This is the right of people to carry one and they we were simple price, then they deliver the car to our house Possum, because I didn't know any of those words not one well to the future of leasing road, you choose from hundreds of cars to lease. The pricing is Crystal clear and will deliver the car right to your house, so download the roadmap or go to rodeo dot com. Today. Welcome to step you missed in history class from hast up works. Tat come hello and welcomes the pond cast. I'm Tracy, we well know how we find happy one thousand the phone happy one thousand, bizarre. Do you is it is. It is not just our one thousand deposition,

it- is the higher is one thousand episode and we put out a call to listeners back in early February for top four days show because Holly in our having trouble coming up with one that seemed really suitable and our favorite of the suggestions that we got was about Sadako societies thousand paper cranes, which inspired a grassroots peace movement in Japan. In the nineteen fifties- and this is part two of that story last time. We talked about the context for the United States use of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki at the end of world war. Two, and we also talked about Sadako herself, the Oregon me that she started folding while hospitalized with the key MIA. Today we are focusing on the peace movement that grew out of her life. The day of

Mercosur Saki funeral, a memorial was being held for another girl who had died of a bomb disease one year before someone suggested that sought echoes mother, Fuji CO attended in future, was really apprehensive about this. Her own, funeral was just that day and her grief felt to fresh to focus on someone else's child, but ultimately she decided to go also attendance at this memorial was Ichiro Commodo and, like Sata Kostas Zackie, he was a hypocrisy or an explosion affected person and, to recap, from the previous episode, that's the japanese term for somebody who had survived the nuclear attack on Hiroshima and Nagasaki or had entered their cities soon enough. After that, the bombing to be effect to be affected by it, Each roll call vote was in his twenties and had dedicated his life to helping other survivors, including quitting his

and instead working through a government program that provided temporary work for unemployed people. At the memorial each Euro come ATO and food echoes the Saki heard children talking about how there should be some kind of memorial to their late friend and to all of the children who had died because of the bomb Frederico mention that she had heard some children at sought, echoes funeral, say the same earlier in the day, and this gave Ichiro color MOTO an idea for working with multiple schools to raise money for some kind of monument, starting with the schools that these children had attended. They started contacting those schools and at first he didn't get a lot of interest from the admitted It is that he talked to you, but one theme among the responses that he got was that if this was to be a monument for the children that the call for it needed to come from the children to on November eight nine

fifty. Five, a memorial was held at the society home for Sata goes former classmates, as you mentioned in part, one her six great classmates, want a unity club at the end of the year so that they could stay in touch after some of them went on to other classes in schools. A lot of the kids in the unity were really stricken with remorse oversight echoes death. Although they had visited her in the hospital they hadn't done so as often as they could have the society. Family was living in very reduced circumstances, mostly as result of paying for Zadok as medical care, so her classmates wondered, they should have been doing something more for her and, in addition to static as death, Nearly all of them had lost at least one immediate family member, either in the bombing of Hiroshima or somewhere else in the war in Europe Our motto came to their memorial was well and he talked to the unity club about the idea of building a memorial

and he had an idea about how to get started. A convention of middle school principles was in Hiroshima. A few days later, and since they were middle school students, they might make an impression by printing up leaflet and distributing them to the middle school principles. At the meeting the unity club, We took it from their. They worked together to write the leaflet they mere grafted at the school there leaflets said that they were all classmates and friends of Sadako society and that she had died of Abraham Disease after suffering for nine months. They said they wished to console the spear. Of all the children who had died the same way by building a memorial, and they asked the principles to carry their appeal back to their schools. The pamphlet was vague. The students

a clear idea of what this memorial would be, what it would look like how much it might cost or where it would go. Although Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park was the general assumption for the location, but they wanted to do something only to honour their friend and the other children who had died of a bomb disease, but also to spread a message of peace. The unity club made two thousand leaflets and they took them to her ocean three auditorium on November twelve nineteen, fifty five, they handed them out to the middle school prince. They were leaving their meeting for the day and the students own principle had also spoken of sirocco during the meetings general session as they is it was that simple, heartfelt appeal in the leaflets was incredibly effective. Having read the leaflets heard about Sata from one of their own. The principles were deeply moved. The word spread once they got back to their schools, sometimes with the pamphlet being read in full

during assemblies and announcements, the students, honest earnest request and men we their friend, really resonated with other schoolchildren, although some of the students and the Euro club had gone on to other middle schools. They signed the leaflet as the seventh grade class from no burrito junior high and within a month of their distributing. These leaflets contribution started arriving at the school from all over Japan. Some of the first or nations came in from small schools out in the cold. Where students had certainly lost family members and the war, but probably didn't have a direct connection with the a bomb by December they had collected more than fourteen thousand yen for comparison. That was about half of the families average monthly income. At the time personal

theirs and well wishers rolled in too many of them with a running theme that nuclear weapons should never be used again. The schools principle, guinea Sittin ACCA, had started out the ambivalent about with students or doing, but he began really enthusiastic supporter, more and more donations came in the school realized. It was not really prepared for what to do with them. I had to figure out a system for how to handle all this money. The task was ultimately entrusted to the student council on December twenty fifth nineteen. Fifty five sought echoes former classmates once again met at this Jackie Home, now to celebrate the ongoing success of the movement, this movement grew even more after the new year, and we will talk about that after a sponsor break. This episode of stuff you missed in history, glasses, brought you buy Norton three sixty with lifelong.

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twenty five percent or more of your first year go to Norton dot com, slash history, that's Norton, Dotcom, slash history for twenty five percent off. Then you area, eighty nineteen, fifty six was the first official meeting of the statue for the children of a bomb preparation commit This committee named itself the Hiroshima, children and students Association for the creation of peace, which is often just shortened to the association for peace, about a hundred students from nineteen schools were involved from elementary, high school, what had been a vague call for memorial in a leaflet became organization, with goals and by laws, and these bylaws made it clear that this,

an organisation for students. The first goal was to build the statue for the children of the a bomb also translated as the atomic bomb children statue how people had started referring to the memorial that they were hoping to create the association for peace had other goals as well. All about promoting peace and opposing the use of nuclear weapons is included, conducting workshops, doing lectures on having other events to promote and educate people about he's. The new organisations office was housed. The Hiroshima children's cultures enter the EU he club was sadly not really part of the association for peace. They were seventh breeders in their first year in middle school, they weren't involving the student council and Student council officers, were the ones who the school had entrusted with running the campaign, so the unity club didn't even

about the January eighteenth meeting until after it had happened. Some of the teachers who saw what was happening tried to keep the unity club involved. But at this point the movement had in some ways swept past them, as they continued with their own efforts to remember and honour Sancho. By March twenty fifth, the association for peace had collect. Almost two hundred and seventy five thousand again towards the creation of a monument. After that of their office that the children's culture centre on April. First, the fund raising really went into high gear, and by August they had more than four million yen and low with their organizations other goals. The association for peace also visited hypocrisy and send representatives to peace conferences, including the world conference against a date bombs. There were certainly adults involved in this teachers and principles who supervise meetings and offered assistance with some of their financial dealings or offered classroom space or guidance, but this

I was really a movement driven by children, children who were outraged at the use of the atom bomb and the damage that it had done to their families and friends and who wanted a peaceful world in which it would never happen again. On August fifth, nineteen fifty six Cairo occur, who had been satisfies friend in the hospital for so long walk into the societies barbershop she apologized for missing the funeral and for not seeing statical again in a hospital before she died, and then she pulled a string of a thousand paper cranes out of her bag, which she had made for sat a co. The next day, the Saki family took them as an offering at the memorial Senate, half at Peace Memorial Park about this time. Some of the adults who were involved in this project were looking for good candidates to create the monument itself, and it was ultimately the children who chose Caswell key Coochie and award winning artist and profess.

At two japanese universities from the finalists on October fifteen. They submitted their application for a statue in Peace Memorial Park. On October, twenty fifth of memorial was held for the first anniversary of that access to sack his death, and now this is attended by her former classmates, as well as members of the association for peace you haven't actually known her during her lifetime, Caswell Kokushi came to Hiroshima and met with the Association of Peace and with some zadig societies. Classmates when he returned home. He took with him a picture of Zadig go in the cherry blossom, kimono that her mother and aunts had made for her before she went into the hospital by the end of nineteen. Fifty six, the association for peace, collected more than five million yen towards the creation of a children's monument on January eighth, nineteen fifty seven, the city granted permission for a children's memorial statute to be built in Peace Memorial Park, which is

center of Hiroshima on land that was levelled by the explosion. Two months later, casual Kokushi, Return, Hiroshima with a model of the statue that he proposed. This was a girl standing a hollow dome and holding a representation of an origami crane over her head, the sides of the dome also had two children dancing with final creation of the monument now under way. The association for peace turned its attention to the other goals and thereby laws their outrage and education. Gulls didn't get merely the kind of traction that the Memorial statute- but their enthusiasm and dedication for it was clear by this point: the Association for Peace no, longer had many direct connections to Sancho Saki her brother months ahead. Who was involved, and he was one of the organizations representatives at the Third World Conference against a and h bombs, but otherwise the students leading the organization were no longer. People

who had personally known her, it was less about the personal memory of a friend and more about all children, but Sancho and her cranes were still the same. The movement in July of nineteen fifty seven as the statute was being made. A film company approached the association for peace about participate being in a film about what they were doing, they agreed and the halting film. A thousand cranes came out. The following June, as all of this was happening other Things were going on in Hiroshima that affected survivors of the bomb, Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Hospital Open in September of nineteen. Fifty six next to the Red Cross Hospital

April. First of nineteen, fifty seven a law was enacted related to medical care for a bomb survivors. The idea was that society, not the individual, was responsible for the care of a person who had been affected by the bomb. People who were affected by the bomb were able to obtain a boxer health book also called in a bomb health book, and this was a book which acted as an authorization of medical expenses at hospitals and clinics, and some people, though, did not apply for these, even though they were entitled to them for a range of reasons for a lot of people it, especially for people who had been apparently specially for people who had been apparently healthy for the whole time since the bombing it it had a note of finality to it like. I am formerly accepting the fact that this is something that can happen to me, and so there were people who are definitely not comfortable with it. By then of nineteen, fifty seven Sancho story had spread all over to pay.

And particularly related to her resolute bravery in the hospital and the idea that she had died. Folding cranes she had become the face that represented all children who had been lost. These hammock bomb, the society family still really financially struggling face. All of this gracefully. They were continue. He asked for interviews about Zadig go more and more students and school group started to fold thousands of origami cranes. Final work on the children's peace statue began March, twenty third nineteen, fifty eight The monument was unveiled on May fifth of nineteen. Fifty eight with Sancho societies, little brother and sister AV admit SUI doing the unveiling on the front. The statues epitaph reads: this is our cry. This is our prayer to create peace. In the world and on the back, it reads the comfort, the souls of our brothers and sisters who died because of the

Bomb and to appeal to the world for peace, the elementary junior high and senior high students of Hiroshima with the help of friends all over the country have join hands and worked together to build the smart monument may fifth. Nineteen. Fifty eight, the heroic children. There is also a bell at the monument that was donated by doktor headache you collar. He was the first japanese Nobel Laureate, which is inscribed with peace on earth and in the Heavens and a thousand paper cranes coming up, we're gonna where the ongoing impact of this story. But first we're gonna, have a little pause for a sponsor break. This episode of stuff you missed in history class, is brought to you by W W, formerly wait watchers, they have

a new might be to be programme as their most groundbreaking and customize programme ever I joined Debbie W because I was really looking for something that was going to help encourage me to make healthier eating choices. They have really done that when you joined them W W program, you will take a personal assessment. It asking questions. You're eating habits in your behaviour is not scientifically matches you up with which plan is going to be the best for you. A blue plan- and it has made such a big difference or me in terms of encouraging means- eat healthy foods join W W, formerly wait. Watchers unlock your custom weight loss plan that can make losing weight easier for you had gone over to Debbie Debbie dot com, that's w w dot com to joint Debbie Debbie. Today, with a limited time offer

by the time the children's memorial statue was unveiled unity club, which again was that it goes to sack he's former six great classmates had renamed themselves the cacao club, and this is a reference to an essay that one of them had written about set out and about need for peace, but didn't have a lot of official involvement in the statues unveiling and the days leading up to it. They had me three enormous paper cranes and carried them to various points in Hiroshima, where they asked people to find them as petitions to ban A and h bombs. The their hope was that these giant crane, would be displayed alongside the unveiled statue, but for reasons that are unclear today, they weren't later on, they did revive the unity club and a lot of them state in touch for decades. After all, this had happened after the day view of a thousand cranes,

or is it true, Kai or Paper crane club started forming all around Japan with members folding paper cranes for patients at the Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Hospital. Her she was club also visited he Berkshire and kept the area around the monument clean, including removing old strings of cranes and replacing them with new ones. The Hiroshima Crane Club also launched a fundraising effort to preserve the a bomb dome which was the remains of the only building near the explosions, hyper centre that was still standing after the bombing that building had become part of Hiroshima Peace Park, but because of its poor condition, it was at risk of being torn down. Incredibly, sadly, the Saki family didn't

actually recover from the costs of static as medical treatment and the years after her death. They they eventually moved out of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Two younger siblings were adopted by relatives. The children's advocacy for a peace memorial had happened in tandem with a growing peace and anti nuclear weapons movement in Japan. In the nineteen. Fifty he's until the end of U S: military occupation and nineteen. Fifty two writing about nuclear bombings was forbidden in Japan, but as those restrictions were loosened, people began to write about and share their experiences movement against nuclear weapons in Japan picked up speed and nineteen. Fifty four after sailors aboard the dagger four courier or the lucky dragon number five suffered radiation poisoning as a result of United States nuclear testing, this boat, near the bikini at all. On March, first, nineteen, fifty four when the United States term detonated Mon nuclear device, the crew

Who did not know that the United States had expanded the range of its testing, but according to its logs that was close to, but still outside, of the exclusion zone. All of the crew experience decree, acute radio, sickness and a radio operator named acoustical Brianna died of it on September, twenty third nineteen, fifty four, a movement against nuclear weapons, was growing outside of Japan as well. In nineteen, forty six John Hersey had published his work. Hiroshima, which profile lives of six Hiroshima survivors and was originally printed as an entire issue of the new Yorker. It then became available as a book in for a lot of people outside of Japan. This was therefore exposure to the realities of what had happened during the bombing and it both human eyes, the victims, an provided details about the horrifying nature of a nuclear attack

though the use of nuclear weapons has never been viewed as particularly acceptable within Japan and public acceptance outside of Japan has drops of the end of world war. Two that pew wreath study that we mentioned in part, one in which fifty six fifty seven percent of Americans thought their use was justified against. Japan has fifty seven percent recently, but that number is down from eighty five percent and nineteen forty five nuclear weapon production peaked during the cold war and has continued to drop since then in nineteen. Seventy, the international treaty on the non proliferation of nuclear weapons you'll see that abbreviated is MP. Tea came into effect. This is an international treaty meant to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons, and since then, it has been extended indefinitely. According to the ploughshares find that there are currently fourteen thousand nine hundred imposition of nine may

hence our kind of glossing over a lot of the cold war there, including some truly terrifying incidents. Like the cuban missile crisis. I mean it's it's it's not to suggest that at that only the world followed at graceful arc of the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki to non acceptance of nuclear weapons like there was a lot of scary stuff in a colossal arms race. In the middle of all that met again a brief overview, and globally the world continues to be divided. On the subject of nuclear weapons, Angela, seventh. Twenty seventeen. The United Nations, approved the treaty on the prohibition of nuclear weapons, which is an international nuclear weapons ban, with a vote of a hundred and twenty two to one However, there are a lot more than a hundred and twenty three EU and member states.

The nine nations generally recognised as having nuclear weapons, did not participate in the talks on this treaty, nor did most of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation, France, the United Kingdom and the United States issued a joint statement after the vote, which began France The United Kingdom and the United States have not taken part in the negotiation of the treaty on the prohibition of nuclear weapons do not intend to sign, ratify or ever become party to it. Therefore, there no James, any legal obligations on our countries with respect to nuclear weapons. So, to sum it up, basically, all the nations that don't have nuclear weapons Our like these are terrible. Please make them go away globally

that do you and their allies didn't participate. Japan also did not sign the new treaty because of its close ties with the United States in its shared security cooperation with the United States. At the same time, the Berkshire have continued to be a huge part of the Anti nuclear weapons movement and they were extremely critical of Japan's decision. Not to sign the treaty to return to Sancho society in her cranes. Since all of this happened, the origami crane has become a symbol of peace and school, and community groups have continued to fold chains of a thousand of them to send a hospital museums, monuments, memorials and places where a tragedy has occurred. Sata goes brother, Masahiro Zackie began travelling around Japan, giving lectures about his sister in two thousand He and the rest of the family have also established a non profit organization, said Arthur legacy in two thousand seven: the society

family gave away many of the thirteen hundred cream she folded over the years too well wishers at the people who just wanted to know her story. Some are in the Hiroshima, piecemeal more. Museum, as well We had only a few left. They decided to give the remaining ones to places that they felt particularly needed healing includes the USSR. Though the memorial at Pearl Harbor and the city of Okinawa and theirs, so one of the nine Eleven Tribute Museum in New York City Masahiro Zackie presented this crime along with ones that he and his son had folded in twenty ten the Clifton Truman, Daniel who's, the gram of U S, President Harry S, Truman was present at that ceremony as well true was an office in nineteen forty five and was the president who ordered the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in twenty twelve, the nine in family Association, donated its own cream, a representation of an origami folded out of steel recovered from ground zero, which is now

and Korea, Fukushima in memory of the twenty eleven earthquake and tsunami, because the melt down at the Fukushima Nuclear Plant Sata goes nephew brought one of her cranes to Korea on August twenty first, twenty fifteen as well. There is also an addition to the statue at her own map. He somewhere hark. There's a life size, bronze statue of Seneca Saki at an origami crane at Peace Park in Seattle, Washington, and it is often draped with strings and strings of paper. Current cranes it has sadly been vandalized a couple of times since it was put there, but in response the community has rallied together to repair it, including raising third, thousand dollars to do so in two thousand and four Saragossa Saki story has continued to have an impact in the decade since it happened several children's books present.

Lies versions of it and there are a lot of articles in education journals about the effects these books have on children from kids, who have struggled with literacy, really engaging with the books for the first time to inspiring community fund raising and other projects for the sake of peace to huge paper. Folding events led by children. Some of which have been donated to hospitals, museums and peace centres around the world, so that articles the faculty and her thousand paper cranes and before we go, we wanted to take a moment since this is our thousand episode and thank all of the prior hosted the show who helped to get it to where it is today that includes Josh came, Jeanne, Katy, Sarah, the Billina and, of course, we also have to thank our fabulous producer, nor whose recorded in edited show for the last few years and Amy, who was our producer for a bit when we first came on and really our entire production team has pitched in at some point. So thanks to the staff at house of works as well

of all touch the broadcasts in some way or another weather has been making our website work or making sure we could just keep the lights on and thanks to everyone here just it ideas for today's show. If you are disappointed that you suggested something that didn't turned out to be today's topic, don't worry. We added lots. Lots of ideas to our show ideas list during that call for suggestions, and that is now also a thousand lines long on Thursday March. First, we are we're doing a Facebook wives celebrate our one thousandth episodes. You can find information about that on our social media, We have also. We have to thank you the listener, so thank you. Everybody for listening could because, without you will probably never would have gotten. It is my hope that we will not have had a thousand episodes without people listening to them. So thank you so much all of our dear listeners do you have spent.

Listen there may over the thousand episode. I do have listener mail. I was like what do we do? We need some kind of Super fantastic listener, male four thousand absent. We have particularly interesting listener. Mail does from Haiti for Haiti. It is a long time was nervous, she's been away for the show listening to another show, which I completely understand I get very far behind on my favorite podcast. Then I have a marathon them to catch up. So Katy says she just listen to the night of terror at the Occoquan Workhouse. I wanted to throw in her to sense about that building and she talks about being from the area and goes on to say that now that the warden workhouse, which was the building that was part of this whole Aachen, workhouse complex. It now has a new life as workhouse arts center. I visit and even though it gives off a very pretty vibe, it provides many workspaces for artists and provides art. Lessons of many different kinds is also a small me

dedicated to the prison and, moreover, the suffer debts who are housed there. There's a very creed advocates a woman being forced FED raw eggs. Nevertheless, my visit there was, First, I have learned about my local serve suffragettes in the night of terror. Despite going to elementary middle and high in the area. I like to think the suffragists you suffered. There would be glad the prison has a new life dedicated to art, thanks for all your great work Katy. Thank you. Katy, for that note, if you would like to write to us about this earlier podcast. What history pod gas at how stuff works, dot com and then were also at mister history, all over social media. You can come to our website, which has missed in history, dot com. You will find show notes about all the episodes the Holly and I have ever done together. You'll find the whole source list for today's episode. All

research that we did. In particular, you can find all the information about one of the books. That was a big part of this research. What is called children of the paper crane, the story of Seneca Zackie in her struggle with the Abraham disease. You can also searchable archive of every episode we have ever done. You can view all that What more at our website, which is missing history, dot com and you can subscribe to our podcast on Apple podcast, Google play anywhere else fine fine, now for more or less of the mother. Tat begs: Housetop works, dot, com carrier workers apart

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