Because I was out of step. You missed in history classes brought to you by the United States postal Service as your business changes, the United States postal Service is changing with it with e commerce that moves at the speed of now next day and to day shipping nation wide same day. Shipping across town returns right from the doorstep and deliveries seven days a week. Let's discover new routes visit: U S, P s, dot com, slash new round United Faith Postal service priority. You happy Saturday, now ago. We got an email from listener, Daniel who sent us a message about cliff diving. After hearing her episode on Sonora Webster Carver, I don't know if we may have read this as the list or mail at some point by the time the glass it comes out, but at the end of the message, Daniel gave us a couple of episode suggestion

including Marianne SAD carry. We covered Mary Ann shall carry on the show in July of twenty sixteen, so we are putting that episode back into our feed today, thanks to Daniels, email, Daniel, thank you for this suggestion Welcome to stuff you missed in history class, a production of Iheart Radio, and welcomed him. I guess I'm crazy. They will set an unholy fry in our recent harder on Harriet Tubman. We talk a little bit about the under We rode in northern terminus in British North America, which would eventually become Canada, and we talk a little bit about how Harriet Tubman herself and the people that should guide There had kind of a rough time when I got there, basically because they were starting over from scratch. Having just escaped from binding

But that is really only one aspect of the hardships that escaped persons faced in Canada and after those episodes came out, we got a wonderful email from listener, Derek which we are going to read at the end of this episode and in it he suggested today's subject for so so today we are going to talk about Marianne Shad carry. He was a black canadian American who was the first black woman in North Amerika to publish and at a newspaper as well as a second black woman and the United States to become an attorney, and aside from that, she was also a teacher and a ceaseless advocate against slave. Free and for better lives for free black people, as well as for women's rights, and I had never heard of her before getting Derek's letter me either. So her AY and Marianne shall carry born Mary Ann Shad had a family history. The tied to multiple previous podcast subjects

her great grandfather, HANS Shad, which is spelled a little bit differently, its s c h. Eighty, instead of s h, a dvd was a hessian soldier, her great grandmother. Elizabeth was one of two black women who cared for him when he was injured near Philadelphia in one thousand, seven hundred and fifty five Elizabeth and HANS married in January of one thousand seven hundred and fifty six Twenty years later, they and their children moved across the state line into Delaware, which, although they were still all free, was a slave states. Over the next couple of generations, Shad spelled s age. Eighty morphed into Shadd S, age, a duty and the family became a relatively prosperous free family of Sir Andrew respected part of Wilmington Delawares free black community. At the time they would have been classified as you lot. Oaths and most of the family worked in skill, trades and skilled trades and made a pretty comfortable live

Miriam came Burton, Shad was the oldest of Harriet and Abraham shadds thirteen children. She was born on October, ninth of eighteen, twenty three. Her parents were abolitionists and were actively involved with the underground rail road and Abraham was also active in organizations trying to improve the lives and legal protections of free black people, including being a delicate to the annual convention for the improvement of free people of color when Marianne was born. Slavery had really been on the Wane and Delaware for a while, and then her early life? The vast majority of Delawares black population was free, however Del there was still a slave state and concerned that its sizeable free black population would inspire revolt among those who were still enslaved. This is why the state started passing a series of so called black codes, beginning not long after Marian was born,

These codes were increasingly strict and punitive detail detailing where delawares black residents could congregate and be educated. Where and whether they could vote or hold public office. That answer was now it went on at all in churches schools and public accommodations were segregated in many predominantly Churches stopped, allowing black members to attend educational opportunities for black therein were severely lacking with the state, not funding them, and very few charities and social organisations being willing to do it either. This meant that Mary and sex put her doubly at a disadvantage. There was one quote: female african school in all Delaware, which failed when she was about seven and didn't reopen again until she was out of her school age years, all of this together meant that in the decade or so after Marion's birth, Delaware,

came and increasingly untenable place where the Shad family to be living. So in eighteen, thirty, three, they moved to Westchester Pennsylvania, which would later be home to recent podcast. Subject: buyer dressed in with the hope of finding a more humane placed, live and according to the family law, one in which there would be more educational opportunities for the families, children, particular the daughters, Pennsylvania, was a free state and was in some ways definitely better for the family than Delaware had been. However, black people still couldn't vote and weren't represented in the government, and the state was still home to racial tensions and racial violence, for example, on August twelve, through the fourteenth of eighteen, thirty, four, a white Bob destroyed businesses, and at least forty

homes in one of Philadelphia, black neighborhoods, following an argument on the eleventh at a carousel that led to the rumours that black residents had insulted white Residence, Mr Doyle, that down a white mob destroyed a large part of a black neighbourhood based on the rumour of insults in case now, with quite clear enough: Marion's father Abraham worked as a shoemaker after they got to Westchester until the family saved enough money to buy a small farm. He continued his work as an activist and the family continued there. With the underground rail road. And although the records are kind of spotty, it does seem that Mary and was able to get an education through private Westchester schools. Pennsylvania did have state supported public schools, but they unofficially not opens a black children and all of this prize. To lead Marianne into the adult life that she would live.

We talk about that, but first we're gonna pause really quickly. For a word from one of our fantastic sponsors, I hate it. We of all the dear why projects out their gardening is the most fulfilling. There is nothing like starting with dirt and nurturing something beautiful or delicious from this we'll, but whether you're looking to beautify your yard with incredible flowers and plants or it's your goal to grow the perfect tomato. It is not about having a thumb. That's an unnatural shade of green gardening is all about giving your plants a great start, and that's why miracle grow is the number one? Gardening brand miracle grow performance. Organic soils help you increase your gardens bounty by up to two times versus unfed plants. Imagine lusher flower beds with incredible seasonal blooms or growing or juicy plump tomatoes for your summer. Salads grow. What you love without compromise miracle grow makes it possible to get your next garden project started to

A at miracle grow dot com, that's miracle de Oro, DOT, com. Change the way you think about your home with homes, hence the newest member of the home goods family. They ve got everything we're home inside and out home sense lets. You re imagine every room with fresh discoveries furniture. You bet rugs lots table lamps floor. Lamps chandelier is yes, yes and yes, plasters wall are oversized mirrors and enough outdoor furniture and a court to make your backyard. The envy of the neighborhood the melamine dishes you ve been looking for or that six peace outdoor set with safety. Livery. You can have it today, homesick as a new shopping adventure. Every time you visit new fines arrive all the time so every day, you'll find incredible. Savings on different must have day core protest. If you see

Can you love? Don't wait because at home sense finds go fast, gets the brains. You love at prices. That makes sense, so you can make the most of your home for, alas, take a virtual tour and find a store near you at home sense does come to go back to Marianne Shadows. She was there as we talked about before the egg. She had spent her earliest years in Delaware, watching the states black community become subject to increasingly harsh black codes, she'd been raised by activists, parents he wanted their children to be hated but did not have very many schools available to them, especially when it came to their daughters. So once she got the education that her parents had worked so hard to secure for her, she used it to educate people where she thought it was needed. Most. Began back in Delaware for a mayor. She also went on to teach a Norris town, Pennsylvania and threatened New Jersey through the eighteen forties b,

a teacher at a school for black children was extraordinarily difficult during this time, whether school was in a free state or a slave stayed in general either by custom or by specific law. State funded schools were for white children only in the states offered little to no funding for schools for black during the charities running schools for black children were generally doing so on almost no money in places like church basements keeping schools for black children afloat required an extended network of mutual aid societies, small businesses and charities all pulling together to keep them funded, staffed and equipped the teachers, most of whom are black. Women worked for exceptionally low pay and virtually no job security. Schools ran out of money and close down frequently, which was one of the reasons that shadds hot in so many different place,

is all of this was in addition to increasing levels of discrimination, segregation and racist violence that grew in the wake of increasing numbers of free black people moving to the north. Nonetheless, she declared about a decade of teaching experienced by the time she wrote a letter to Frederick Douglass in January of eighteen, forty nine he had for suggestions on how to make real positive changes in the lives of free black people living in the north adds letter which was published in Douglas as anti slavery. Newspaper the North star criticized Free Black ACT, lists, including herself for spending too much time talking in debating it conventions and not enough time on effective, we should do more. She wrote and talk less one of the things dad would do for the next two years was teach and one thousand eight hundred and fifty one. She moved to New York City to teach her to school for by the society, for the promotion of

among colored children, not long after she heard about a great north american Anti slavery convention to be held in Toronto, which she decided to attend by this. Point. Escaped slaves had established several communities in Canada, particularly along the border with the United States and Canada West, which is now Ontario. These communities had become sort of test cases for self sufficiency and uplift strategies within the abolitionist movement,

After discussing the challenges and issues that were based both on the United States and Canada, several of the delegates to this meeting came to the conclusion that emigration to Canada was the best way to ensure self sufficiency and equality. Real United States, black population. There was still racism in Canada, but the theory was that it would be easier for black newcomers to Canada to achieve true equality in that nation, which didn't have slavery and established discriminatory laws. Is sort of this idea that lucky we can move to care and kind of start fresh and have a better shot at true quality than we do in the United States. This was not a new idea at all. Various p, and organisations, both black and white and operating with a whole range of philosophies and goals had been advocated, the idea of resettling freed slaves for decades Maria

Father Abraham had actually been an advocate against this idea. At the time largely focused on resettlement to Africa. In his ears of activism before Marion's birth and into her early life there, Definitely a lot of different motivations and points of view that people had for this idea of reason. Went to Africa. There were. There were african european leaders who were like ok, we should move and will have a better chance there. And then there are also people that were working from a moral like white nationalist point of view who were like. We should move the black people out of our country Back to Africa, like you, can't boil down now hole that whole movement into just one perspective, because there were a lot of different people working towards the same goal from

Ashley different points of view Abraham, for example, felt that black people had a constitutional right to live full free lives in the United States. So he was against the idea of Resettlement Africa at all Marianne, on the other hand, found the arguments that she heard at this one thousand eight hundred and fifty one meeting really appealing, and within days she had decided to move to Canada to address one of the issues that have been brought up at this meeting. It was facing Canada, West black communities, and that was a lack of opportunity for education She moved to Windsor just over the border from Michigan on the Detroit River, to open a school school was housed in a barracks left over from the war of one thousand. Eight hundred and twelve Chad was a huge believer in integration. She wanted to encourage integrated communities of equals rather than separate, segregated cities in cities for black residents, so she wanted her school to admit. Anybody that wanted to learn to

It was a shilling a week, but she promised not to turn away some one because they can pay. This, however, proved to be an enormously difficult promise to keep. She very quickly found twenty five students, but twenty of them were too poor to afford the tuition, and she was sure that there were lots of other potential students in Windsor. You just couldn't afford to attend school at all because they needed basically to work, even though they were children to bring. The money for their family, so with the small number of students that she had, that could pay their tuition. They're just wasn't enough to make ends meet within on Shad was living on charitable donations and money. Her family sent her from home and she down her ability to keep the school heated in the oncoming canadian winter. She. Finally, Why do the American Missionary Association, which was hiring teachers, permission schools in Canada to ask for funds after

reluctance on the EIA maize part. She was finally granted a hundred and twenty five dollars a year that was half of what she said. The school would need to stay run and soon her students numbered twenty twenty three children in the day and ten adults at night once she was in Ontario Shad, proved herself to be a really contentious figure. In June of eighteen, fifty two c published a pamphlet entitled a plea for emigration or notes of Canada West in its moral, social and political aspect, with suggestions respecting Mexico, West Indies and Vancouver Island for the information of colored emigrants. This was a forty four page document, primarily detailing information about Canada, West's economy,

politics, agriculture and society notes of Canada. West was basically promotional material, maybe even propaganda for the idea of emigration to Canada. It definitely hyped Canada's advantages and glossed over its downsides. This pamphlet exacerbated in already festering disagreement with Henry and Mary bib. Henry bid was one of Canada's most prominent black leaders. It was actually the bibbs who had encouraged shad to come to Windsor in the first place Notes of Canada. West set Shad up as the foremost authority on what life was like for black immigrants to Canada, which meant that Henry Bib had been up staged and he had been up staged by woman, Shad and the Bibbs also

fundamentally disagree about how life for black immigrants should be supported in Canada, Henry Bab ran a settlement organisation called the refugee home society or our age, which solicited their nations of both money and goods and redistributed land Shad thought of this as begging she strong. We believe that the black community needed to be self sufficient and not rely on cast off clothing and second hand, donations, and she also suspected mismanagement and our age essence finances aside from their differences of opinion. Shad was direct and even aggressive when she criticized people and organisations, sometimes her writing was flecked with sarcasm as well. So these disagreements blossomed into a full blown feud this feud went on until the summer of eighteen. Fifty two when a cholera epidemic in Windsor drew people's attention to more urgent matters. However, even though it sort of was diverted for em existing, this view did have

consequences for shad in its wake. The American Missionary Association voted not to fund her any more once her contract was up at the school citing, but she had a lack of even Jellicoe views. This was in spite of the fact that they are that they had just reviewed our work and called it quote, full and satisfactory a month before she wound up closing her school on March. Twenty third of. Eighteen, fifty three, the day after the school closed the first issue of the provincial free men, a newspaper. Had largely wrote, edited and produced was published organs. About her new career as a newspaper editor, but first we're gonna pause, one more time for a word from one of the great sponsors that keeps us go in Carbine can feel like listening to music with ads. You want to get to the good stuff can't seem to skip over the bed except comments, You need to come into the store you can skip it with curbside, dig and intellect market

on delivering when it comes to making sure you find the right fit. Removing and every roadblock, including this good bad Comex points should be, you're a near shows right, Leathern, listen up if you ve, extremity internet entertainment, starts at free with flex soothing. It really into your shows, find your favorites faster. Would just your voice the office from peak to each MAX and Disney plus the whole squads. Here, the falcon the winter soldier and he's salinity, that's away, way to watch restrictions apply subscriptions acquired access during services, including, doesn't plus, requires post paid, extended, ethernet, excluding internet essentials. One device included additional devices by values month,

when Marianne shall learn her contract with the American Missionaries Association was not going to be renewed. She began working on a newspaper. She wanted a publication that could counter the viewpoints expressed in the voice of the fugitive, which the Bibbs were involved with. Apart from the fact that her disagreement with the bibbs played out in part when letters and columns published waste of the fugitive. This newspaper also published editorials on women's role in the world. These are editorials that promoted the very victorian view of women's domesticity. This was not a view that she agreed with at all. She listed the help of experienced newspaper editors, Samuel, Ringgold, Ward, however, wards name mostly for the sake of name recognition and to shield the publication from sexism. His direct involvement was pretty minimal, though, since he lived in Toronto, which was more than three hundred and fifty miles away. Effort

issue of the provincial freeman with something of a prototype, and it would be a while before there were regular issues that came out. Although one of her goals had been a public opinions can. Pictures to those that were in the voice of the fugitive. This actually turned out to be unnecessary. That publication hold it not long. After all of its presses were destroyed in a fire in late, one thousand, eight hundred and fifty three, the prevent Free men began regular publishing on March twenty fifth of eighteen, fifty four, which was one year after the publication of that initial issue, it still listed some of the same names on the mast head and that new year later issue, but Shad was still doing pretty much all the editorial work soon. The paper was being published, we sat or day and featured editorials written by Shad articles picked up from other anti slavery and religious publications and local news and politics, and figure, as was relevant to black residents of Canada among the topics it covered, the debate about now

immigration of black residents, of the U S and whether it was better to day in the: U S and fight for equal rights. There, the progress of the abolitionist movement in the United States and its failure to have achieved nationwide abolition, and the hypocrisy of legislators who adopted an anti slavery platform because it was politically advantageous where they lived, not because they actually believed that slavery was evil it also published a lot of work on women's rights for this newspapers, entire existence shad would aggressively tried or raped raise funds. Keep it afloat. She actually went on a fund raising tour. This is the first of many, and it was at this point that she could no longer effectively hide the fact that she was the one who had been editing it behind the scenes. This whole time, apart from her being its public spokesperson on the tour, the number

unsigned editorials at the paper was publishing dropped really dramatically while she was away and they were replaced by notes on her travel around Canada, which were under the byline Emma Shad, it was not hard but would you together the very simple math but tell em? in August of eighteen, fifty four someone wrote a letter to Mr M, a shad which praise the newspaper the ingenuity of the colored man who published it at this point. Marianne, having grown increasingly frustrated that people didn't know that it was a woman running the paper public, a biting response under her own full name. She dropped the pretence of Samuel words, editorship and removed his name from the mast head on the October. Twenty eighth eighteen, fifty four issue from this point sad increased, her touring and speaking scheduled to try to raise funds and she gradually more put more trust and other people to keep the paper running lights.

She was away. One of these people was her sister Amelia. Although Shadds Father had been generally opposed to immigration of the black community out of the United States after the passage of the fugitive slave at law of eighteen, fifty most of her, We had gradually moves to Canada primarily for their own safety. Several of her other similar, eventually worked. I'm a paper as well and resigned from editing the provincial freeman in June of eighteen, fifty five, believing that sexism was at the root of its failure to thrive. It had barely broken, even in spite of her relentless fund raising She also moved into Chatham, which is between Lake Erie and lake. Saint Clair, taking a three month, hey this for the relocation and re establishment of their offices They weren't entirely welcome and Chatham, though an existing paper. In that part of Canada, West, the Kent adviser published an editorial

he'll, claiming that chatrooms black population had a hefty criminal element and that a black newspaper would probably promote lawlessness, the town itself without racially very divided. Its population was about twenty five percent black and churches in schools aggregated and the local papers, as evidenced by the thing I just said had no qualms about publishing, blatantly racist work, not long after Shad and her newspaper move to Chatham Shad was drawn into a dispute. They shared a lot of similarities with her earlier dispute with the refugee homes society. A one thousand five hundred acres settlement, known as dawn, was home to a black community, but its leaders and the people administrating it, including british abolitionist John Skilful, had been suspected of mismanagement and extortion, Skobeleff Shad had but it heads

for, and they once again had a public dispute in which Shad wrote a series of letters in the paper. This dispute over who should have financial control over dawn, went on until the eighteen sixty years and ultimately ended in a lawsuit that allowed its black residents to take over controlling it themselves. In Chatham, Shad spent a lot of time, invest eating and reporting on suspected wrongdoing. Among Canada's abolitionist community. She uncovered corruption, among organizations and ferreted out white abolitionists, who had been putting funds raised for the cause to their own personal use. In October of eighteen, fifty five she attended the colored National can engine in Philadelphia as one of only two women present, and only one from Canada. She was admitted to the canoe and, as a delegate after a vote of thirty eight to twenty three, although Frederick Douglass, and many of the other convention organizers were against mass emigration of the United States. Black commuter

The other nations shod gave a really forceful speech in favour of relocation to Canada. Even though so many of the other delegates were really opposed to the message of her speech. A lot of people praised the speech at self and her speaking ability- and this led to several other speaking engagements. While she was an bill Adelphi. A one of these was the debate on the subject of immigration in which shall was declared. The winner on January third of eighteen. Fifty six marriage had married. Thomas S, carry in Saint Catherine at the home of her sister Amelia. He had three children from a previous marriage. Carry had been an early investor and Marion's newspaper, it did not have a particularly conventional marriage. She continued to speak and to work as an activist and to raise money for the Freeman and the two of them. Never

at home together. It would actually be six months before Marianne Shad became Mary and Shad carry in print and light one thousand eight hundred and fifty seven after the birth of Shad Carey's first child. The newspaper briefly stopped publishing new issues. It's not entirely clear when publication resumed, because the issues were numbered and physical, copies haven't arrived until today, but the newspaper was not the only thing she was working on at this point. In April of eighteen, fifty eight John Brown visited Canada West to try to re support for an armed slave insurrection. He hoped to rally in North Amerika shall carry wasn't. At the meeting of supporters, he attended their women were allowed. But later www. Wells Brown wrote that if she had been a man, she probably would have been with him at Harper S ferry. I think John Brown Raid on Harper S ferry, has come up in enough episode

We probably should do one on it. Marianne sad carries last existing editorial in Prudential Freeman ran on June 18th, one thousand eight hundred and fifty nine in it. She spoke out against the rise in quotes negro Haters in Canada, West. The last issue of the paper came out within a few months after that Shall carries husband died on November, twenty ninth eighteen sixty at which point she was pregnant with their second child, although shall carry had never stopped working during their marriage. Her income wasn't enough to look after herself and her children. She wound up having to get support from her family to make ends meet and she went back to teaching at a school so under funded that she eventually had to ask the refugee homes society for Food

That name rings a bell: it's because that will be one of the organization she had such a public. Viewed with, I can only she seemed like such a unexacting and proud person. I can only imagine how desperate her circumstances must have been to go to an organization whose views she disagreed with so vehemently to ask them. I hope The civil war started not long after an that sparked fears that the United States would try to annex Canada or that the south would win the war and escaped slaves in Canada would be extradited back there We then Canada, the racial climate was becoming increasingly hostile, as well as the black population increased the canadian government originally really encouraged escaping slaves to come to Canada. They had offered assistance through things like Lamb grants as well.

Oh, but as more and more enslaved people and free black people left the United States for Canada that really started to change there is increasing. MT of not in my back yard style opposition to attempts to settle, in various parts of Canada. In the face of all of this shall carry eased back on her opposition to immigration, to Africa and ask the America Missionary Association if she might get a missionary appointment in Africa that was denied in December of eighteen These three she became a recruiter for the union army. She began bat in Chatham before going to Indiana to continue the efforts there well as to help escaping slaves get to Canada once the war was over, in slavery was abolished in the United States, a lot of previous black emigrants, Canada decided to return back home. This was eventually true of several people from the Shad family as well. Shad carry eventually

I watched her school and several of her family moved back to United States. She was really rely. To follow them, though, and was actually issued a canadian passport in eighteen sixty five. She finally returned to the United States, after the passage of the fourteenth and men which she saw as a commitment to the reconstruction air policies that were intended to secure real equality for the black population at the United States. As you know, if you have listened to our podcast on Robert Smiles, that is not how that laid out shall carry to Detroit, where she became a teacher and for the first time got a job at a public city school that she did not have to fund through her own efforts, she became active in local politics and she began to advocate more strongly for labour rights and the rights of women. Women's rights would be a primary focus for the rest of her life. She eventually move to Washington D C throughout regions.

Can she continued to speak and write out various causes she was advocating, and then she joined the first law class at Howard LAW School in eighteen, sixty nine the two year programme and if she had finished it into year, she would have been the first woman to become an attorney in the United States, shouldn't wind up graduating with her class for reasons that are in early clear, although there is some suggestion that it might have been because it was questionably legal for a woman to be practising law. She finally finished her law degree in eighteen. Eighty three at the age of sixty making her only the second black woman in the United States to become an attorney in between She joined the suffrage movement, including trying to registered a vote in the spring of eighteen, seventy one, even though it was not legal for her to do so.

Rest of her life. She continually spoke, wrote and advocated for equal rights for black people and four women slowing down only in the last ten years of her life. She died of stomach cancer on June fifth, one thousand eight hundred and ninety three at the age of sixty nine, Frederick Douglass praise terrorist. Quote unconquerable zeal and commendable ability, but he also said quote: the tone of her paper has been at times harsh and complaining that comes up again and again, like all of these biographical sources have commentary on her her manner of writing and, in speaking, that boils down to like. Why does she have to be so shrill and number? and that's a really gendered- complain that a lot of the same people writing about it or likes this. Probably. She would not have earned this criticism if she had been a man but

when I went and read a lot of of pieces from the provincial freemen that still exist, but you can read on mine, I tried to pick ones that seemed like she would be. The maddest. Like which ones would she really be head up about an and like say whatever things were, making people wow, she sure, is just cranky in her writing and I'd like. I don't see it. So I think definitely when you, when you re descriptions of her ass being like a shrill complaining person. A lot of bad does seem to boil down to the fact that she was a woman while saying these things because had the same things been said by a man, I don't think they would have re. Merely as much comment about their tone, and now I have the list or mail it inspired this episode of every from Derek index as Dear Tracy and Holly. I just finished listening to your fantastic double episode about Harriet Tubman

And I was thinking about the narrative of Canada as a sanctuary for escaped or even emancipated slaves? I am canadian and am a victim of a lot of a grand icing Meredith's about my country, which a painting us at a very kind light are problematic in terms of how we think of our identity, for example, because of the fact that we talk about ourselves of the terminus of underground rail road, we tend to absolve ourselves of the same rate. History of the United States. In short, our cultural narrative places racism as a United States problem. This, I feel, is dangerous and to being historically inaccurate, as such, I was wondering if you would be willing to explore Canada's Rollin underground rail road and black immigration. Marianne Shad, for example, if she was mentioned at all in history classes as the narrative of moving to Canada, starting the provincial freemen opening integrated school and fighting for assimilation. Most of the great need.

It is actually ignores the fact that Shad, like many other african american emigrants, experienced a tremendous amount of racism in Canada, Shad document this very well and is thus an interesting thing ere. I should say that I remember reading this is a Canadian. Anthology of Literature in university cannot actually find examples of the racism that she experienced, but I think it's worth investigation. I really love Canadian. So I dont fails to be defamatory, I'm a teacher who specializes in english language, arts and social studies and thus believe complicating a national narrative is the way that society can progress by all I understand that you are an american podcast, Emmett Canadian content Cancan, as we talk here, is something that is not necessarily a concern for you as it is here. However, I think that at times into and complicate story of abolition and is often missed in Canadian his

three thank you for reading and sorry using the word narrative so much and thank you for your podcast. I learned a lot from it Derek thank you so much Derek lab adjust. This letter is great, for so many reasons like number one I will literally never considered that ever like me. There in my ever crying my eyes, not at all and Sir Number one having somebody point out. A thing that had never cross either of our minds is always really interesting because, like

Derek said you and I are both american and we have both grown up with this narrative of the underground rail road as a place where people wound up in Canada and everything was better and that, like better sure, relatively speaking, probably better than being enslaved, but definitely still a lot of racism present and then Marianne shall carry herself is just that incredibly complicated person. I feel like, as I often say, we ve only kind of scratch the surface here. There was a lot of disagreement within the time about like what was the best way for free black people and a people who have either been emancipated or emancipated themselves like. What was that. Way to secure equality and secure the the best life for people and like there was just a lot of disagreement within, like the black community

and within the white abolitionist community, but also within like the racist community, that was more of a lake. Let's make everybody move to Africa to get them out of our faces, like that really was a driving thought among people in a letter, the things she was advocating, ruffled a lot of feathers for sure. So, if we'd like to learn more about her. I strongly recommend the book Mary shall carry the black press and protest in the nineteenth century by Jane roads. It gets into a lot more sale about things that we didn't really touch on various believes that she held bet. You know some of which people would totally get behind, day and others people be like. I'm not sure I can support that idea, but she a really interesting and complicated person who was living in a really interesting and complicated time that a lot of ways we tend to over, simplify and we're talking about in history. So thank you again very badly.

The great email, that's a great example of a great you. May I literally stop what I was doing and forwarded at the holly. He would already read it to say. I guess I know what I'm talking about next. Pays them unstring joining us on this matter day, since this episode is out of the archive, if he heard an email address or facebook url or something similar over the course of the show that could be obsolete. Now, our current EU mail address is history. Podcast at I heart, radio dot com are old house to, firstly, militarists no longer works. You can find us all over social media at missed in history, and you can subscribe to our shadow on apple pie, task, Google, podcast, the eye heart radio app and wherever else here The fog casts stopping us than history class in the production of Iheart radio for more part cap from Iheart Radio.

Iheartradio app Apple podcast or wherever you listen to your favorite shows. Franklin here comes to your home's plumbing theater leaking faucet, a running toilet or a water heater gone cold. No job is too big or too small. Our team of punctual plumbers have the skills to get you out of a jam if it's Benjamin Franklin, plumbing, cam or call eight hundred and seventy seven been one thousand seven hundred and seventy six to request an appointment.

He too, independently owned and operated licensed in their respective state or county. My friend kept complaining about car insurance. I need affordable insurance to get back on the road I gotta get to work, so I played this song body and she was like Clayton body. They final believes. Everyone deserves affordable coverage. In just three minutes. You can save big with low down payment on state minimum coverage. This is like sound call. One eight hundred safe are over your quote today.