Move episode of stuff. You missed them. History classes brought to you by W W, formerly wait watchers they have launched the new. My Debbie Debbie Programme is their most groundbreaking and customize, I'm ever when you join the Mai, Debbie Debbie Program, you will take a personal assessment, that's about your eating habits and your behaviors, and that its scientifically matches you up with a proven weight loss plan, I'm on the blue plan and it Makes a huge difference for me in terms of income bring me eat healthy foods so head on w debbie dot com. That's w w dot com to joint Debbie Debbie today, with a limited time offer you guys, I'm shade bacon and I want to tell you about a new podcast called get a grip with maximum shame vacant. One guy that has probably get a threat and fifty are dry, considers himself an athlete, mostly because of his unreal papa shout abilities and has in fact started to show signs of a try. Suborning is our own max. Almost e g for winter in fan favoured online smacks of myself turn out.

So every week to give a fan of meat was golf, and all that comes with someone. It's been working weeks on track. We all during the plague right now with the best in the world, listen and follow, get a grip attack. Solomon in shame. It cannot be our radio have podcast or every listen, Applaud guessed right now welcome to stuff you missed in history class from Housetop works, dot com and welcome to the cast I'm kidding Amber and I'm Sarah dowdy and today we are bringing to the ultimate story, a story of a group of one. Thousand men, led by a charismatic professional rebel named Giuseppe Garibaldi, who or gaucho We just want to get that right out of errors that paragraph IRA professional level and this group makes its way to Sicily, where they too,

for the large and strong bourbon monarch. Their expedition is a success and delivers an enormous piece of the fragmented italian peninsula into the hands of Piedmont, Sardinia. So, in this David and Goliath story again, it's David who wins- and this is a really big step in the creation of the Kingdom of ITALY and the unification of the country. So it's kind of the most dramatic event in my opinion, in that story that spend almost a century. So let me give you some background: resource Mantell or the resurgence which is pretty complicated. So we're gonna try to cut it down to the basics. For you, ITALY is made up of states and after Napoleon

rule ends. The peninsula shows some movements towards nationalization, but there are centuries old divisions between the states. You can't even think of ITALY today and how different Florence is safe from Venice. It was even more marked than the differences between them. There also differences and language and in food. So this isn't a simple revolution: it's not going to be easy! You have to answer the questions of whose going the rule and what would a unified ITALY? Look like an who's going to be leading with state will take the lead in unifying the country, and will it be under a monarchy. Will it be a republic what's gonna look like, and it's interesting to this isn't just a political movement. This research, it's also an ideology- and sometimes it's just about the romance of reclaiming a shared history, so taking someone like Dante, whose so tied to his own city

and turning them into a national figure. He might she's not just a florentine he's an italian ITALY's writer and taking ancient Rome and the antiquity he's in making that a national and not just on something in the distance, a part of our communal history, yeah much of the rebellion is directed against the Austrian occupied. Of northern ITALY, but the idea of nationalism begins to sweep through all the states, and we have to distinctive varieties of this nationalism that are important for our story. The first is the radical nationalism after set. They might see any who wants to unite the peninsula into able black and on the other side, we have the liberal monarchy of Piedmont, Sardinia and Northern ITALY, which has ruled.

The term annual the second and run by his prime Minister of war. They also want to unite the penance lab at under Piedmont. Rule and under a monarchy in their careful and diplomatic people, they support rebel movement, secretly they'll support Garibaldi at times, but it's it's always they're, always playing their cards close and their conscious of their reputation in world affairs that are not solely concerned with this unification of ITALY there. Aware of their position in Europe as a whole. As fires were Garibaldi fits into this, he would seem to be unnatural, fit with Maxine Movement, but he is a free agent. He is willing to work with a monarchy if it means unification will happen, he's much more tied to this idea of unification than he has to the idea of a republic, a democracy or.

Archy or even his own ambitions. He just wants it to happen. Any you does work with my Phinis movement when he's a youth, but he later works with the payment. Thirty million, so he's really able to cross the five year to get what he wants have happen actually happen, and let's give you a little background, unbearable D. He was born a niece and eighteen o seven, which at the time, as part of France its later given back to Sardinia and the Savoy rulers when while he was a boy after Napoleon was defeated and he comes from a family of fishermen and coastal traders, he himself as the sailor for more than ten years and becomes a merchant captain, though by the EU, the authorities, while he serving in the Navy of Piedmont Virginia. He comes under the influence of Giuseppe Mazzini who, as we said Ro the italian nationalism and he comes under the influence of the french socialists- can't do something wrong.

And by eighteen thirty four he's become a revolutionary. He takes part in an attempt to provoke a republican revolution in Piedmont. It doesnt work out he's convicted to death and adventure by a genuine court, and he goes to South America in retreat into hiding he's kind of rebel pirate in Brazil and he alone with a woman named Anna Ribeiro, the silver, a married woman, their companions and arms until her death, and he ends up in charge of the Uruguay Round Navy and all the while he's learning guerrilla warfare. In South America. We decided that guerrilla warfare, as our new theme to replace exclamation, he's a professional rebel and he wears a gaucho costume in eighteen. Forty, three still in the service of you, grey, he takes command of the italian Legion at Mount, the data which is the first of the red shirts and remember richer there.

Come into play later on. They win a small battle and where it gets back to Europe about these guys, Alexander De Mall pair of helps to foster the reputation of Garibaldi, though youth becoming somewhat of a celebrity by this plain and thus now famous Garibaldi returned to ITALY in eighteen, forty eight to fight the Austrians. He is unsuccessful, but he still incredibly courageous and becomes known as the hero of two worlds, but still to scary to them What monarchy of you would think that guy who is now a hero in the plan flat, might be welcome back into the fold and his former treasonous activities would be overlooked, but they're not gonna go for that. He doesn't exile again, including a stop and start now interestingly enough and he's finally allowed to return to ITALY in eighteen. Fifty four that free agent, this

that we're talking earlier frightens cover were who wants to bring him back into Piedmont's folds, to dangerous to have him out there. You know he could potentially be lured back to see me there look in the treaty, which is not something that Piedmont wants, Garibaldi. After all, a really charismatic, really popular public figure, so coffers says: let's fight Austria together, I will give you the rank of major general on the Piedmont his army. So he does that. Oh, the Piedmont has become more liberal in the intervening years and scare up all these been gone. They ve gotten a constitution, things of lightened up a bet. It's not so repressive So our action really heats up in September. Eighteen, fifty nine and fund Northern ITALY is peaceful for a wise and care in the country and with no to do in the north. Kind of bore. You need something to do and he's hope,

there will be some action in central ITALY and there sure is something for him to do Victor Emmanuel. The second makes a secret agreement with him, basically saying our body view invade the people states and if it works, I'm completely behind you, but if it doesn't, then tough luck for you, The king, however, realise this the last moment that this plan is too dangerous if he decides to abort the mission Everybody is really disappointed with death and Victor Emmanuel I can make things even worse in care about these opinion when he returns niece terrible these hometown to France, though that's that's gotta, be too bad for Europe, already Piedmont. Thirty new is just so diplomatic together body, and I think it really frustrates hamlet to him. It's just so slow, slow pace. It hasn't like having to deal with it in. Also use having some personal issue is, to say the least, he's just gotten remarried his his first wife died,

and he abandoned this new wife only a few hours after marrying her when he learns that she's five months pregnant. By another man which I had a good ten minute conversation about the thoroughly We will do it by just how this. How then happened, but that's not her story today, so there's a revolt in Sicily on April. Fourth, eighteen, sixty and Gharib Baldi has had it with the Piedmont diplomatic tactic waiting around for them right he's going to attack the south and the bourbon kingdom and there's nothing you can do about it because he is so popular. They can't stop them, but if he succeeds, he does that they will be there to help, so will give you some stats on their speed, Scione Demille or this expedition, other thousand percent. Actually a thousand. There were a thousand twenty seven people, a thousand forty four thousand, eighty nine, no one's quite sure the records disagree. But this thousand was ranged in age from eleven to sixty nine and there

one, one and Rosalie Emma saw who was the wife of Francesco Crispy a key player in the expedition in four fifths of the group is for north a third from Bergamo in Genoa alone. So it's it's an interesting group to be taking such a strong interest in Sicily, and most of them are idealistic metal people kind of kind of the folks who would go along with that whole idea that Dantes ITALY's writer. Teachers, writers, traders. There are a hundred and fifty lawyers and law student, a hundred physician the engineers twenty cometh ten interest in sculptures three trees and thirty naval officers, which is good because they are taking boats and there oh, really educated and very idealistic bunch of people

and they're all wearing Guerrero, bullies classic red shirt. Supposedly this idea of his came from the abattoirs of Uruguay, which is pretty growth and then very well trained, which perhaps you already figured out. Step two hundred and fifty lawyers. They have rusty rifles there there ragtag group they leave from Quarto may fifth through sex and they let's run into the bourbon navy on their way down, which would have been terrible. They obviously were not prepared for a conflict at sea, but They managed to land in the western sicilian port of Marsala may eleventh where there are welcome. The british council- and we should give you a little bit aren't you on a kingdom of the two stiffly is ruled by a bourbon monarch and yes, that is the same french family, you're thinking of their descendants of the Lewis and the sicilian monarch, Frances,

Is young he's just inherited the kingdom from his tyrannical Father Ferdinand, the second known as Bomba and well firmly, and the second was very tyrannical. He was also somewhat respected. I guess just cause: he was so scary. This is the second doesnt have that much going for him he's just a tranquil, but he doesn't have the respect. This is not a good combination. No, so he sends out twenty five thousand soldiers to defend his new kingdom, but this bourbon advance guard can't get past Garibaldi forces. So this assyrian people, much to Francis the seconds chagrin led by the mafia side with Garabin D and welcome him their hoping he's going to break up these landed estates and get them out of the system of feudalism the royal army surrenders so many a sicilian peasant for ambivalent about Garibaldi but Area this opportunity for potential.

For me, mine is we'll, go for it, so Gara Baldy proclaims himself, the dictator of Sicily, but in the name of Victor Emmanuel, and he heads toward Palermo where they defeat in the apology and force at collated fini on me tenth and again the Sicilians join. I'm hey, you know we hate the bourbons to live together. Bourbon command. Just isn't that great. I mean that explains in part way. The small ragtag group of non professional soldiers is managing to topple the monarch. Army but Garibaldi captures Palermo on gene said, which is the big city, an area by July, twentieth

with the battle of the lot so he's one of Sicily except from Athena. So now he wants Naples and maybe even round to the dangerous thought Garibaldi Sir Francis meanwhile is struggling to regroup. He grants a constitution and Annex II to the sicilian rebels he's trying to patch things over, but it's too late for that, and by late August, Garibaldi crosses the Straits of Messina to land and Calabria and advances towards Naples, and it's just a triumph by this time. The Berlin Wall has collapsed, terrible these one. Yet it's an easy ride into Naples. I think they're bogeyman actually be on a train, so Frances Fleas, Togae, iter and the last Syria resistance of the bourbons collapses at the battle of the volcano, which is on a cobra first civic toy manual. The second

Russia's south, to collect the spoils, hinder Baldy me to channel and Garibaldi hands everything overtook him Fifthly, Victor Emmanuel is concerned. As you would you would. You would expect that this charismatic leader, whose conquered the entire south of ITALY, you take over night some ideas and start thinking. Well, I wouldn't mind ruling this part of the world myself. So that's why he's in such a hurry to get down there and stake his own claim. But yeah gear bodies is quite impressively. He just hands at all. To him and the people won't even let him govern during this transitional period for the king, either his again to scary, he's too popular and then there's the idea that what if mazzini, got a hold of him and turned him anti monarchy. And then there is the chance of a republican coup d, Ha so the kingdom of ITALY is officially proclaimed in March seventeenth, eighteen, sixty one. We have an almost

Italy, handing over the south to Piedmont, Garibaldi thousand, disband he returns to his island home, he's not gonna get this job is the kings viceroy and he he retraced through the spoils of war, which sound can a delicious coffee sugar. Stock, fish and macro any which you can't mixed together, but I think separately, are lovely, would make a good meal as a whole, but his knee lay feel shafted by the Piedmont. Eu basically was the way Sarah put it and like they haven't been recognised appropriately. They dont feel the territories are being run well. The north is exploiting the south, they dont institute the expected land reform and haggis. Why consequent The mafia keeps their foothold. Their ruin. Garibaldi fills a little bit beholden to these people who need he would have believed he was operating them too. To see changes not happen,

as rapidly as we hoped and other site now. Garibaldi is so popular Abraham can offer some a union command in the civil war in Kiribati, turns them down in part because he wouldn't have had the Supreme Command over the union's forces. Sorry grant and Lincoln wasn't anti slavery enough for him. But digression aside, there are two big pieces of the puzzle that are still missing and this unification process Venice and Rome and cover believe that a new ITALY must have Rome as its real cat, not just just calling room. Capital and not controlling anything but really having Rome, and he even thinks that there should separation between the religious and secular authority, a frown, he's he's not anti catholic Church here he she thinks that this will actually benefit the church

having it entirely spiritual entity, but obviously this. Incredibly tricky diplomatic situation, since loads of countries have interests in Rome and the Pope and. Unfortunately, right when this is going on our great diplomat of dies- and we left with what is called the roman question maybe we'll talk about the roman question a little more later and catch up with a body in his gauchos, but we can move on from there and say I was saying earlier to me that if you're looking for a good account of italian unification infection, you might want to try lamp Adieu says the leopard, which is told from the side of his soul, him heiress proceeding further Bert, Lancaster Movie, which has an hour long dead thing, no joke. But that brings us to listen

So today we got an email from MIKE about our Pakistan Satchel page and if you remember that the progress. We ask you to send a clear opinion on who is the best pitcher in history. So MIKE said that a few years

I purchased a major league baseball videogame in it, had two teams of historical legends included in the game. The people who may this game definitely felt that battle page with the best pitcher ever, because his ability was ridiculously superior to any pitcher I've ever artificially control them again. Eventually, in the interests of fair play, my friend and I made a new statute for so we thought this was really funny and we're glad that some videogame programmers out there are definitely satchel fan, because when we meet, you think he was in fact the greatest history, if you'd like to argue with us, feel free to email at history had cast. It has to stop, and if you'd like to learn more about italian history check out our website at W W W that house stocks were also on twitter at missed in history. If you'd like to come and follow us, for more on this and thousands of other topics

tough work, Stockholm and be sure to check out the step he missed in history, ass blood on the house to approach that can I am Bobby Brown Welcome type had cast beyond the beauty show from. I hurt radio I'm here to be sitting down different people each week that we can all learn from. I hurt radio is number one prepared, but don't take our word for police into beyond the beauty and the IRA radio out about hard cash or ever you get your package because we all have something to learn about the real me. This is Danny Shapiro Post of the hit hard cast family secrets. I hope you'll join us for some incredible conversations,

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