« Stuff You Should Know

How Pepper Spray Works

2011-12-20 | 🔗

Lt. John Pike of the Davis, Calif., police department brought the wrath of the Internet on himself when he casually doused peaceful protestors with pepper spray. Find out what was in the can in this eye-watering episode of Stuff You Should Know.

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This is an unofficial transcript meant for reference. Accuracy is not guaranteed.
This podcast dynamically inserts audio advertisements of varying lengths for each download. As a result, the transcription time indexes may be inaccurate.
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invented two thousand twelve Camry, it's ready for you welcome to stop. You should know how stuff works and look into the park gets them Josh Clark, there's Charles the Beach of Brian dont spray RO yeah. I forgot about it don't tell me room with a man who was it that was speaking at the member of the Eu I dont remember politician- is Al Gore. Kids get ready, they taste uncertainties me brow, yeah. I was one of those upon me for lower. So speaking of chuck crazy that you got that he asked. Have you see,
in the casual, pepper spray cop mean yeah. I have seen it. I think that what the this this University of California, Davis COP, who famously spray these very docile peaceful students, was awful to watch, but this mean, hysterical. I think now. Will they keep taking him in inserting Amanda like famous pictures, photographs and paintings, and things like that. I favour one. Since it is he sprang Julia Andrews in the field in the sound amuses me there's a whole tom. I think it's his pepper spray cop. What it's called it's already by the time is comes out that will already be old. I think I think its prey much there now, you had a pretty short run, but it's a pretty pretty good example of how, in a few days, thing in the age of the internet, that the general populist didn't like they're gonna get you for an. I got this guy lieutenant
pike of the Dallas Police Department, apparently anonymous published his like home address his cell phone number is emu. Is a mail address all this stuff analyse nickel. I thought the home address. This may be a bit too far yet, but anyway, this this guy, this pepper spray, cop, the just everything about it, has been extremely controversial here. Actually the guy who helped weapon eyes. Peppers FBI,
comrade Lukman. He basically said quote: I have never seen such an inappropriate and improper use of chemical agents. Basically the acl you were saying like he can't do this. Do like it. You can't just peppers by people who are sitting quietly and peacefully non threateningly is supposed to be as it Nina for copses was to be if someone is threatening me physically or resisting arrest in some way physically bright, and in that sense, pepper, sprays, extremely effective. When the reasons why it doesnt trigger your it doesnt depend on a sensation of pain. It circumvents your pain, Center and just elicits a completely physical, non cerebral response, so, whether you're on pc, p or totally drunk or a psychotic or whatever the case may be, and there's your in some sort of state where you can experience pain. This stuff is still going to incapacity. You
if you can experience pain, it's going to incapacitate you and it's going to be extremely painful, think what so startling about Pike was that casual? It was another video look like he was spraying. You know, we'd be gone yard This were got everybody here that in the fact that arose the sitting, docilely quietly This horrifying did you see what making Kelly set on factors yesterday she dismissed pepper spray. After this incident, ass quote a food product, essentially she's right. In some ways I mean a visa defiling derive from food. You can say that peppers, brazen natural, the abbot from natural I'd like to see her get sprayed in the face and see if she still said that it's a food product, I would, I would take a Mcdonald, cheeseburgers braided face every day of the week. Oh pepper sprayed not so much you wanna talk about this.
They have our rare, topical, timely, timely, topical ones will yeah because it's been used all over the place. I mean you see. Davis got such a lot of coverage because it was so casual and heinous, but their use and pepper spray all over the place with his Occupy Wall Street Movement all over the place in the problem, MRS you're not supposed to be doing that, even though it is considered a non lethal weapon, even though ray we. We know the active ingredient pepper spray, because it's also one of the active ingredients in peppers, Chile, peppers and kind. Sir only arisen, capsicum more, both see as I like to call it yeah. I read a rogue article barracks prey on the site. It's all of them. So let's talk about pepper spray
we know. We know the active ingredient purpose re, because it's also one of the active ingredients in peppers, Chile, peppers and cayenne. Sir only arisen capsicum more. See as I like to call it yeah you're right, I wrote the article in barracks. Prey on the site I did, as is the same stuff, seems to have basically to shoots farther for obvious reasons: does it want to stop a bare thirty feet away and not five years? but the sea is a natural oil found in a lot of peppers. A lot of different types of peppers and o C has a compound called caps, hasten, and that is what is responsible for that sensation now, even though its color odorless flavourless, that's the best You're gonna feel when that seed, actually the pepper itself, but especially the seed yeah? It's your turn. It is the cedars and encapsulate
itself is color, listen, odorless flavourless, but it's extremely potent vary, so one milligram of pure caps hasten can cause blistering on your skin. That's substantial is pretty serious stuff. So it's a natural compound. It's also a blistering agent uniting people like people like making Kelly who say was just a food product, the natural right it can still called blisters on skin. So with pepper spray, basically covers prayers is kept Jason, mixed with, say, water oil wells, or is oil already ok, but it can also be mixed with the oil baser waterway solution here, then, you put it in a canister with propellant
the hopes shoot it yeah and you on air so eyes all thing you pressurizing Edward. It is now I like you pressurize it. So then, when you press a button, everything's depressurize Agus shooting out and stick to the face of some protester or a man up, BP pouring. In the case of the article I sent you from the New York Times at a lovely picture of an eighty four year old woman yeah at Occupy Wall Street, that was pepper, spread in the face, and it looked pretty awful. I care, her name but she's like a lifelong protesters in lifelong activists, Milly and dumb yeah. She got sprayed in Seattle right at that she's had more than once than cheese. I gotta take when pepper spread to stop me so others, three basic patterns that you can spread this, this liquid pepper out of your little dispenser, can be the stream and
chances are if you have one of the little tiny caps herb, not capital size, but like those canister in your purse, then it's probably gonna, be the little stream that you see coming out yet close range right in the eyes. Were you wanna put it, but I mean it backs the punt, so you had super concentrated yet begun. It's just. To hit your target. Yes, let's assume is like right. On top of the mist is fine, you know missed. Obviously, liquid spread out anecdotes gonna go larger area make it much easier to hit your target and then the fog is similar, miss, but it's even wider and it looks like Pike was using like the hip from the hip. Canister begun a big one missed and or fog and others also another innocent, maginnis foam inform, has Able to deal has the added advantage of not blowing back in your face
it is a kind of a problem. If you ever spraying, somebody recover spray like an assailant. Where the windows and get the up. When do you cops now? I wanted occasionally for fun. I think I'm internet before you make me feel better about myself. Here I saw what either take with us, I like the he wouldn't come out of this really didn't shrub and. So the cops went in there after him and then another when like sprayed that the heavy fog one and all these cops came out we got em, we gotta, but they couldn't see anything man. Yes, the wrong order. It was funny, of course, I wanna see cups, pepper, spread so much making fun of it, but it was pretty funny. So you're gonna get about one. Sixty bursts,
your little thing in your purse, it it's about four and a half inches long. If you have the little personal dispenser, yes is which basically just the canister trigger button and if you're smart, you bought the kind that has a safety mechanism, get you to want that gone off in your purse. No you don't need. Actually pretty good thing to do is to look to the left or the right of the pepper spray you're buying at the hardware store and get the medicated white specially formulated for treating pepper spray. How did they sell those right? Next to him? They tend to yeah nice. So if you have some in your purse in UK, that you probably wanna keep these medicated wipes to just in case of an accident. They would think yes from the new this time tomorrow, podcast available now on the eye heart radio up or wherever you get your podcast join us as we explore a future. Of possibilities in the age of five g. My dream we'll be there
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a t mobile for business dot com. I saw that history, a pepper spray, not the spray, but people have actually been using hot peppers as defence and as torture devices for like thousands and thousands of years. Apparently, the japanese geisha would stick these peppers and there, like slice, Movin, stick em they're kimonos, yes of any guy got alone, too rough put in his family, his african his fat phase. Here now. Do it in the mire actually had a baby well aware and well versed with hot peppers living in Central America course. Enzo any time they were in a fight or a battle. They would like to buy them on fire and the smoke we carry to the other army and make him die, never thought about that make unwanted. I do you cook, with pepper,
sometimes I actually made a new year's resolution. This year there I'm going to be able to eat hotter stuff into doesn't twelve kicking. I'm a total was I'm that was my self I've gotten better at it over the year. Yet, but, like all opinions can take me out here with some suffer so hot, it's like it's, it's not like a pleasurable eating experiencing longer. For me at least, know, there's also a lot of people who Feel the exact opposite for some reason. I really like peppers like there's a place in San Antonio call them chunky Berger. I believe, it already. They have their way on a burger with its called for horsemen, and you have to pre order and it has having Euro has three kinds of peppers: either you ve heard of, and then it has a fourth pepper called the ghost pepper. Yet the ghost peppers
boot, Joe luckier yeah from Northern India, Bangladesh area, and it is the world's hottest pepper, hottest, natural pepper. And I'm there's a video there's plenty of videos actually on Youtube of people, eating these things and then the reaction that lasts an hour It is agony for an hour, but in this cheeseburger Berger has the ghost while and when they made it before people who were not eating the gospel of it. Just happened to be in the restaurant when the scene was being prepared have had to be Carter, often ambulances before, because they really Building as the stuff when it was seared. The ghost Chile made an appearance on top shelf last week. Actually therein yet they're doing taxes this year, and so they had one of the challenges had all these peppers laid out and they Heather Schofield he in its, which will talk about a second as to how hot they were, and you got to choose your pepper.
And each one had a different amount of money attached to it that you would win if you want to challenge, and only one dude attempted to cook with us with the ghost pepper and he actually won the challenge through. Yet but I got one for you and I guess it's not natural, but the Guinness record is the score and the Trinidad Scorpion, specifically the scorpion, Butch T name for Butch Taylor. So I guess this guy. This hot saw sky has made his own pepper, what how and it registers one point four million on the other Schofield, his liquor Luther Burbank Chart, and they put that nickel and, if you ve, ever had a having euro generally known as really hot. That's only three hundred fifty thousand three hundred fifty thousand right, So that's crazy, a chile's about a million here and this trend, its workings. One point four and then pepper spray is so hot menace of scary,
yeah pepper spray is rated between five hundred thousand and five million Schofield unit. So this ghost pepper or the scorpion pepper gives up to one point: five million, there's pepper spray out there that the five million Schofield he it Schofield. He units are named after an american chemist from much like the nineteen tens name, Wilbur Schofield, and he came up with a very ingenious idea of how to classify heat associated with a pepper, agreed, capsizing He diluted it in sugar syrup and then would have would feed it to human test subjects and the scuffle heat unit say like nine thousand or five hundred thousand that's the now
or of times it has to be diluted before it becomes undetectable by humans. The tried and that's the old school method right and it worked pretty well, but it is, you know, subjective, because it's going but a single persons, taste, buds and other did see when he tested them. They could only take one, and that was it so he didn't say like try these eight peppers. Let's try this pepper two hundred thousand tat. He is one pepper, procession. Nowadays they have something a little more advanced, it's a more accurate within five percent and its called high performance, liquid, chrome autocracy and I'm not exactly sure how that works. But it works. Well. It woods subject: environmental yeah and they like a status within five percent, so they can tell- and I don't know how they if they still.
Wait and Schofield units or not, I think, they'd do they and their yeah they briskly. They take like the cap, say, sir. They take a pepper and lay it on like a protest over earn a member and see how long it tasted dissolve at near the subjective When I could represent a deceit and our gloves and painting respiratory smart design that stuff in even the Super hotlines yeah. I can't take it man more if I rubbed my eyes or my nose or any part of your body fat, because what peppers do with this peppers, the taxation in a pepper infiltrate your mucous membrane, especially effectively, and especially the mucous membrane. There are sensitive to he called. So you knows you throw your mouth your eyes and ears if you cut it open, or We weapon eyes it here, but if you just take like a how opinion, rather than your skin you're, not gonna get much very. I know now because, like you said,
the most is found in the seeds or at the very least inside, but like reset the pepper spray weapon ice pepper spray, with a Schofield HEAT unit of between five hundred thousand in five million is if we spread These mucous membrane of the area is going to have predictable effect on you and it's going to be horrific and terrible for awhile. For you yes, what it's gonna, do you gonna feel burning sensation in Europe in your face, your eyes, your nose in your mouth, maybe even your throat. That's can last anywhere from forty five minutes to an hour. Your eyes are gonna, become really irritated. They might swell shut. Might temporarily blind you, which is a great thing if you're being attacked or if a cop is being assaulted? His besides a disabled person like took me. Second was weird
was it would you want to do here is trying to disable someone long enough to either arrest them or to get the hell out of their Europe just being salted and street and of ivy gamester of pepper spray, and it says it's not immediate in this article it says the effects are immediate, says the effects are not immediately spray and run and make an ex at the eyes, though, yeah I'd make a rosy. Yet everyone must play there are around him stern run this in your car really interesting enormous have made. Then, if you see me in the hollow you don't want to mess with me. I got one as collapsible, but I see really TAT man s skin. I don't keep it my car them brain somebody with a keeper by my bed, though it's good thing can take out the knee.
I like that efforts made better than she gets a minute. I told you I only about four Emily. Of course, what are you trying to say? If I'm not carrying a colossal baton on western oriented. You know, I think you should get a baseball bat with was driven to the end of it like that. You are right not lessen amenities, but right now, I'm very comfortable with myself and my masculine and good wrote Josh my even swell shut? That's not gonna like Choky to death. It depends what could I guess I and if your allergic to anything in there, if you got like heart trouble, that's how I can show you two could be fatal. Yeah, there's plenty of em. There's plenty of instances of people who are allergic to cap, say some being sprayed with.
Spray and going into an a fly, an awful axis, which is basically a whole body. Allergic reaction, and one of the key stars of this reaction is that your airways clothes and you die this uptake yeah. It says here, though, that they ve never proven that that was the sole cause of death. In any case, absolutely entry is at that's what I thought. They proven that right, yeah people with asthma are particularly plagued when they are on sprayed with pepper sprang to her, but the assail you did justice one study of California in ninety. Ninety two, I believe, is ninety two It became legal for cops to use, pepper spray, then a ninety four in California then, and ninety four
became legal for the general public. Can they see how you did this study of pepper spray in California from writing only three? Ninety ninety five among cops and found that they were cops freezing estate wide this clear spraying, people twenty four times a day dream period all over the wholesale. They found that one out of that six hundred sprays resulted in the death of the person block from sprays right and about twenty six people total during that time died for me, pepper, sprayed really so potentially lethal. Oh, yes, definitely its foot. The private thing is for
average person. I know your nose is going to burn your eyes are going to burn you gonna become temporarily blind. Like you said you throw oil swell some, so I will be quite difficult to breathe, but that might last five to fifteen minutes the problem with pepper spray other than the fact that it is being used like its flower, really is that the then there are people out there who can't die from its use, and you know no, whose allergic to capsize name. I don't even know like an eighty four, your woman in Seattle, France, a great example if she had been built up her hard core unity to it over the years a protest very might have died. She would have been an travel services, sprayed in Europe will not get giving advice to criminals here, but will say you're good guy and arguing peacefully sitting on the sidewalk and a cop comes by inspiration. The vase oil, you gotta remember so, while it may feel good this wash your face with water for a minute. It's not gonna.
Anything in the long run, and why oil and water don't mix my man. Why? Well, because one is a polar was made of polar molecules and Wednesday made nonpolar the or the waters polar meaning that say if you're looking a water molecule. On one side there can be some electrons and once I was gonna be protons. Yes, it is a negative oils are non polar. Meaning there electrons are distributed evenly all around. So that's why they don't mix which is like you said. Waters can feel good for a second, but it's nothing do anything to get the oil in the oily captain. An offer, your face, which is what you want to do here. You don't touch the area on your face or even sprayed because it's gonna get out of your hands except Chuck, except to get your if you're wearing contacts just jam, your finger in your eyes and give us out how I let you can't just throw away well and that you would want to use us now
in this the sum this one survival guide. I saw a basically said. I people, I never thought about you. I guess, if glasses. He might be Nina at an advantage me out if you had understanding swiftly. If you were like wraparound, oh, please, if something that you were in the back yard, indoors and like restaurant is so what you're saying as if you're tremendous cheese, Bosnia than your fine you're, probably the one that's bringing the protesters if you were Oakley like that is the thing so there's some do that there were worth it says Where did the blank rapidly? I think you're probably have no choice but to do that. Let's say you're, not just going with your eyes open blank rapidly, because you want to tear up as fast as possible plush whatever's in their out his hand, Soper no tier shampoo, dish, soap, any kind of soap. I saw a ratio of twenty five percent dawn. Seventy five percent waters good way to get the oil.
Offer your face. I would describe down all over my face his I wouldn't be like Metro and, like you said, medical wipes that does with the agencies carry when the cops spray the people in there. I can't see. So if you get these wipes, it's good idea in if you're gonna go out and buy pepper spray for use as self defence. Or for fun. Here you are going to want to be familiar with the laws of your state and our country. It varies a lot like if you live in Canada and Belgium. Tough luck for you! You can't own pepper spray. Unless you're a member of law enforcement, the military Canadians are so peaceful there. They really you know that only pepper Square miles and Jack framework we recorded a pie cast gather in the miles to see Ex thirty ass. You might remember alive deadly. Remember I take this opportunity. Just straightfor straightforward way talk to people about what the Mazda CS. Thirty looks like. Ok, it
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the Flanders side or the french Belgians. Very nice have been there really monk elixir catch to want to travel to Europe a state with him for a couple of days, Hong Kong, you need a permit difference Have different laws on like how big canister you can years whether I carried yourself how old you have to being all you have to be what percentage of what those he knew of capsizing, so Imagine if they so interstate, though it would comply right, Oh yeah necessarily button most likely but check into it get on the web and look at your local government or law enforcement? We're just ask a cop, and then you want to replace it every three years. Yeah, my validated anything! You want to replace the images. If you love your wife check, you wanna go replace, therefore Emily, yet every bad, if she excellens face in their light, what worth nothing,
saw, gummy, wet yeah, I'm really mad and we're gonna prices. Are we talking about five dollars twenty dollars. You have to ask you not to me there or twenty dollars too much for you to spend on your personal protection and good luck this economy, there's! No! Nine percent can afford gooder theory, In that case, I do like the geisha didn't go just purchase. A ghost in keeping your pocket by the way, the difference between tear gas and pepper spray. I will explain why here was equal to tear gas is Mammy. Chemicals, pepper spray is derived from peppers boom yet, but I too am explain why, on one or don't make so this was, This is a bonus. Have a bonus gas, so
if you want to know more about pepper spray, no more avow protests riots. What have you we got all the stuff on the site, so right, yeah great, want a good one. You can just take any of those words in the handy search bar. How stuff works that calm and that will bring us some really great content, including this article, how peppers frameworks and then it is time for the cinema surprised Audrey MRS Joshua located all we have to talk about our contest They have the markings cooked up a contest for us. If you want to come here meters and dine with this lunch with us, you can do that yeah, me? You you get a trip to city of Atlanta. That's right! You get transportation to and from the airport to a hotel. Did you get to stay at for to night to try out? The fleet, together now you get a tour of the office to hang
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you're entered into the concept and then gives you the option if you wanna, like tweeted out yet worm, eaten changes to your facebook status message and then, if anybody click start pink and then the winning. Then you get the Kindle got it I'd, rather when they can help I'm totally with even lunch with us again but anyway, so I guess some best of luck to everybody. I best of luck will see you at the some fancy Matthew much place about using it'll, be around here. Probably, ok can get back to I'd like to you're the one who stopped us. We got some big feedback on the air force. One pike ass, like from insiders from Terry Dude. I got one that I was not even allowed to read on the air, because the lady for us in it from her email address from her husband, does he didn't want to be associated to carry this of its anonymous. You now less! So making it to that. But if you help me those two hour, the third
do. You want to read the third in the middle and all read the first in the last airline yet so Chuck. One from Brandon in Pittsburgh, P so brand and says I was listening to your PA guests and air force. One in heard you guys were bit stumped and why the seven forty seven couldn't fibre forty five thousand, I felt like we gotta, disintegrates totally whence it reaches the feeling most of the aeronautics engineering, the lingo and say quite simply that Airbus, forty five thousand, these two things with the weight of the aircraft getting it. Craft? The flies all about moving air over the wings? Seven! Forty! What is not capable of going fast enough through the thin air to create enough lip that answer your question. Seven hundred and forty seven will will not fall apart or lose its life support capabilities oxygen. It's simply just can't go any higher than that be cool.
That was Brandon and fits bird thanks brain I this one is unknown and not know if it was intensely unknown or not a can't remember, but if he wrote this male, thank you and I'm sorry didn't get your name, I used to work as a ramp agent, an airport in Ireland, air force. One would frequently stop to refuel. I held security clearance too service, the plain and had the power of doing so on for five occasions. First, a small correction from the pot The marine one helicopter is not a enough It is either a seeking or black hawk, depending on the location. Where'd. You get that message the ones with thirty two to propellers you're too one brought back. Dollar, but those which do not run. Are you sure Well, we got a lot of corrections: that's what he says. First, outside the black hawk, can be disassembled fit inside.
The sea. Seventeen cargo planes that accompanies air force, one which we got that wrong, but I think you're gonna, take your that now for the funding. When the aircraft is on the ground, a camera deploys from underneath the plane to the mainland and gear and offers a panoramic view above ground active also static, pinhole cameras located at regular novels along both sides of the main fuselage and then the nose landing gear, are only noticeable if you're sitting beside one of them once I try to count them all, but quickly lost count. That summit The same is true for the large number of antenna, communication, aerials etc, which run the full length at the top the aircraft. Next, some security. When the president is making a multi country trip, there will be identical cars, limos and secret service, detachments, etc. Simultaneously position to each location. This ensured everything is in place at every destination, your plane. Is it any foreign airport heart
with our mine is run from the main terminal to the plane, bent of any wireless connectivity issues and whenever both AIR Force One and its twin sister, both on the ground, they always park opposite each other tail. The tale so both can taxi and take off immediately without any in appearance. At a moment, s notice Critical, yes and then you're gonna bring it home here so check and bringing a home with one from bill. Am U s? F, retired, Charles in South Carolina areas on the air force really isn't became. Didn't I'm retired AIR Force, low master, who flew as a crew member on sea seventeen. They see fives during many many presidential support missions during the air force. One pie cast: you mentioned the president's limos being carried by sea one forty ones. While there was one the true statement asthma that way for a number of years, so we need to go up data yet see one forty one fleet has been decommissioned: Incentive Boneyard, the sea, seventeen
the main airlifted used to carry the limos communication package Rien helicopters? That's enough! and military and myriad of other stuff and personnel used at the president's destination. I miss him. Military days in San missions were certainly highlighted. My career thy crude over eighty five, thousand flying hours during twenty one years. So this guess he knows what he said this bill em from Charleston South Carolina here, and I would point out bill also had a number of very nice things to say about the show. But since himself, with it was her male cattle are that out, but thank you very much valued very kind. Thanks bill thinks brain and thanks unknown Irishman, ok, oh boy, Chuck! If you're indulge me before we go, I want to give a special shout out the special Christmas shout for one of our younger listeners, Casey, whose twelve I she's a friend's, niece and actually very sweet. His big fan and she is bright.
Oh really go for it. She has asked us if we wish her brother Lincoln a merry Christmas for her she's, given us five options that varies from crocheted scarf to what my vote goes. When I hope you ll agree about Homemade uniquely decorator, ambiguous sure you want to go there and death okay, so we're gonna take option one Casey and in exchange for those a uniquely decorator cookies, reinstate Lincoln your sister Casey wishes you a merry Christmas That's what we're happy birthday right now. The bonus she's just this week is nothing new for this one sees this networks. He gets in favour spirit, so Merry Christmas, like Amerika, was Casey Merry Christmas to all of you and down yet
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Transcript generated on 2020-01-18.