Audible, sponsor of the audible audio pioneer awarded this year's, I radio podcast words is the best way to stay informed, inspired and entertained. Discover the world's largest selection of audio titles anytime anywhere, with the audible app, whether you want to tackle a new skill focus on your healthy self We're discover new releases, there's no better placed to listen. Inaudible start your free thirty day, audible, trial today in your first audio book, is on us visit, audible, dot com. Slash asked why S k or text as Y S K to five hundred Welcome to stop. You should know how stuff works that are you. Invoking the targets than Josh Part withdraws. The breach of bright in their theory is that you should know sortie addition sporty. I think really. We should hear undecided history,

Well, I've been put a note in here. If you dont want sports, listen to the sun anyway, yeah, because this is about much more than baseball yeah. This is about history and about overcoming adversity. Year, like you is very interesting story because and we'll get into this, but I think people who we better tend to think of the Negro leagues and that's what this is about- the baseball negro leagues, which is what they were called. Yet we don't use that word anymore, But you call this that because I thought it was or we tend to think of it in a certain way, which is only yeah baseball was segregated and they couldn't play in the White leagues and that's awful, which it is and was that there is another side to it. Yeah yeah, the skin point for these men in these business owners were empowered, Anna and the players in the yen and its

That's just it is its wonder whether appetite now you re able to hate your admire the tyrants in her like keep Goin. So I think we should start with a little way history right. So just a brief primer of american history will start with slavery, good place to start a transatlantic slave trade near built this country, and, frankly, I'm just gonna Clanton, say I think some of the major issues that the United States faces today comes from. A lack of a cat

billowy for slavery, really is contributing to a lot of inequality and allow the strife that we still face today and have faced over the decades here. So you ve got slavery, and then you had the end of slavery. The emancipation proclamation which a lot of people say our lives great Abraham, Lincoln, spoke some magic words and free the slaves, and everything was great here, which is perfectly equal after that. Right now. So it took the the union to win the civil war to begin to enforce emancipation proclamation in the south, any access, really Texas were were, among the last whole doubts and they're asleep. We're going on in Texas like years after the civil war was over. There are just like second pay attention, I sure so the civil wars fought the part of the,

the union. Victory of the civil war was coming into the south in saying, like all you confederate, you guys are out of power and, as a matter of fact, this power vacuum is perfectly willing to be filled by freed, blacks, yeah, so go ahead, run for office, become judges like become part of the reconstruction power and that lasted for a very, very short time, the white southern former power base. Were leading the confederacy and even once you weren't, necessarily part of like actual confederate government or even a confederate army reaches the people like in your town. You saw in the saw Miller whatever right like. I came back and power within a couple years and the White Southerners. You ve been supplanted when they came back into power. They remembered the black people who had tried to take their positions right and so Ghana, glee, and so rather than having actual legal slavery? It came

and other different horrible, pernicious forms which came to be called post reconstruction, the Jim Crow, South, yeah and boy. We need to do one. I've had my list for, while on Jim Crow period about this first law, where'd you get this other good really get. Article is on the major league. Baseball webs lies in the pre history section of that one, and this is just a shade: the tone of things in eighteen, fifty seven, those Supreme Court chief Justice, yeah, Roger Tawny. Who am it's funny that the way this writer put it he said, he's campaigning hard for a spot and the American Scum Hall of Fame

like that pretty money in his official writing. This is the chief justice of the Supreme Court said: negroes were so far inferior to whites that they had no rights which a white man was bound to respect. Mrs, the chief justice of the Supreme Court, yeah I'd think I need to say that, like for more time before it sinks, those two or three, this is what was going on at despite the Emancipation proclamation, despite the four. The amendment will that was actually before those before there was during the slave. The time of flavour, yeah yeah yeah just excuse that guy, but after after that, despite the amendments constitution, despite all that its it took the to the nineteen sixty. They even begin the slightest bit of real progress. Yeah, that's true, not quite true, as the history is littered with

Well, who made advancements? Think they're not gonna, knock that both in a systemic manner yet able here you're right. It wasn't until the sixtys, but part of the problem too, was in. This is a valid point. Other courts had said like those of Justice, Henry Billings Brown said, legislation is powerless to eradicate racial instincts or to abolish distinctions based upon physical differences. Basically, what you say is like we can create laws but you're, not gonna change, public's mine, dry, creating laws and can't like abolish press prayer. This right, and so, if white people think that black people are inferior to him. Who are we, the government to say otherwise? Yandah try, maybe and legislate our way out of it, even right so in I think, eighteen. Ninety six, there is a court case called pussy versus Ferguson, yes and implicitly versus Ferguson, the Supreme Court

upheld and legitimized and actually made real the sailor, Asian. There had already been going on right ever since the reconstruction are ever since the end of reconstruction, the beginning of Jim Crow laws right. So the The United States is officially segregated in eighteen. Ninety six, but baseball had actually segregated years before that, but not as far back as people think and a lot of people think that baseball had always been segregated up until nineteen forty six. Yeah me Jackie Robinson broke the color baron. I think ninety nine percent of people think that Jackie Robinson was the first black American to play baseball, including me until yesterday, when we started asking.

Oh did you notice already yeah, I mean I'm a big baseball fan and a bit of a student of its history. So now ok, so talent, Chuck well, who the guys were specifically well yeah. So in eighteen, sixty seven, Two years after the civil war, there was already baseball. Remember Abner, Doubleday, created based point. Eighteen, thirty, nine. Thirteen hundred, that's happened that the legitimate story right does not like, he really did. He was the inventor yea. All an agreed happening, Cooper, Sound New York, another I yeah. Ok, I don't have it was income persona, belief, sucker. Will that makes it So, within just a couple of decades there was the National Association of baseball players. They were the league right yeah. I mean not within a couple of decades couple years, so really yeah, like literally two years after the end of the civil war there was of african american team, called actually don't know what their name was, but they're out of Philadelphia.

And they said we want to join your league, which was the National Association of Baseball players at the time and they were rejected as a team. Of course, at the time and but that didn't mean that there were not players individually right. A huge caviar, yeah it was a little bit later in eighteen, eighty six, finally, and not for too long, we had two brothers, Moses, Fleetwood, Walker and well. They walker and most is a play for The Toledo blister that's right, very my home town, integrated baseball team in the eighteen, eighty you're totally right Moses was he was older. He played forty two games the team. Well, they only came along unplaited six games, Moses it to sixty three that season or the son of a physician area like the first black physician in Toledo

and went to college play baseball. Oberlin in Michigan now so another wove rains didn't open when even had sports. While this is the nineteenth century, I think they face the matter. They set out in favour of a debate, acoustic, guitars debate. I know a lot of people that went overland weirdly, really well, my good friend Robert Shoddy from Boston that you met her, nor shall Lucy Wainwright Herbaline, didn't David Reese really went to Overland UK and if you like, a couple of other people start a nice reputation, yeah great ninety Aroun Oberlin, it sounds

I believe the overly the sound quality Oberlin sounds: Ivy League is right, that's on their tee shirts, although we do need to give a shot out. There was one guy in eighteen, seventy nine, William Edward White, who substituted and played one game. Oh yeah, he was officially- and this is a little murky history- wise because we don't know much about him or how I haven't, but supposedly he played one game as a professional baseball player. As a black man is era since when eighteen. Seventy nine okay, so the Walker brothers were playing for Toledo in eighteen. Eighty six or incorrect and action, this article and has therefore get it wrong, says that I'm they displayed for the team for one year before the team went under. That's not the case as a matter of fact, the most walker they if only played together on the team, for that one year, most workers had played for years before them and actually Moses Walker.

And there are several other players at the time in eighteen, eighty, six, eighty seven there at least for life There is in the minors, but the Walker brothers were playing for Toledo it was a major league team regret, but the presence of Moses Walker actually brought to the for this kind of simmering resentment and kind of the big elephant in the room. There is a black eye on your team right. What are you guys doing and so Toledo actually went to go, play the white Socks and Chicago and the white Socks had this like their great player of that season? I think in the eighteen eighty four who was CAP Anson Great nicknames back then so cap ants in said he said some horrible things and ultimately was like I'm not plan a fat man on the floor.

Oh yeah and dumb Moses Walker was actually injured and still is like our I'm definitely going on the field today anyway, so he dressed out in Numb, I'm not sure if he actually played in the game, but he was like a part of the team in cap. Anson was not indulge. The two leaders like we're not taken our guy out he's one of our players. Cap Anson can go second egg cap answer when sucked in egg use really mad by it. The that the issue that day that dispute at committee field brought to the fore the the the concept of integration and ultimately segregation, yet among major league baseball teams, and it actually increase the pressure among owners and managers to to get rid of the black players, not just in the major but in the minor. Yet there was another player to read another story about em.

And what will get to Roy Campanella? He was. He was better than Jackie Robinson at the time, a catcher who was just amazing how a favor- and he had there was a white pitcher. It was like. You know he was a great catcher, but I didn't want to play with them. So I would, when I pitched too just ignore his signs, through whatever I want like to his own detriment into the teams detriment he he just wouldn't take the signs. What a putz I know three of sabotage essentially Beth. I think he less along it in capitals. In the hall of Fame, so,

the other guy. Who knows, I want to give these names all out, though the fora black men in the miners and eighteen sixty six. Besides Moses Walker, we had bud Valor, Frank Grant and George Stove IE and as far as I'm concerned, all these deeds are american heroes. So, all of a sudden, they succumb to pressure in eighteen. Ninety, after hate mail and death threats to the touches managers and fires- and you know basically everybody the players themselves- and they said you know what we're gonna shut it down as fishery and eight Finally, we what can no longer have any black men and our leak, so here's the thing they never officially did that they had the minor League ban black players away into the major who see the miners. Why that was never on the rule books. It was. It was an unofficial, Non gentlemen's agreement right,

it is actually when it was broken, it wasn't like a rule, was broken right. Right was just an unwritten rule right, exactly which paved the way for Branch Ricky due to break their unbroken role without actually breaking a rule. Yes, yeah good point Chuck You gonna take a break, new year's resolutions are very very difficult to keep getting exercise save more money. What about this? We have a resolution that you can really work with stop wasting time going to the post office that right, you stamps dot com instead because they bring all the services of the Eu S postal service right to your computer, with your small business sinning invoices

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Madame it as our man, so eighty ninety it's now there are there. No black players reciprocated in major league, baseball or minor league baseball aromatic right at right, then actually pave the way for one of the great unsung chapters, small history, which was the creation of the Negro Leagues yeah and in a true show of american Spirit and determination, and just love of the game. These these men got together. They formed their own teams and they did what skull barnstorming. It is pretty often David load up in cars on a bus and they would go from town to town and take their shown.

And they would get a game up wherever they could and wherever people would pay a couple of enemies to come, watch a baseball game. They were playing white players and these barnstorming games near or black players or latina players. Yet because it's a definite overlooked segment of the early baseball history are latino, players are totally and one of the cool things about the negro because they were integrated. They had they had. Let me know: teams like the cuban kings out a New York able and one white guy it's over something's going on, like it said they would roll into town. They would play whatever teams that could play and it started to gain some momentum, like people started to follow these players year, may actually got fans. And there was a former player namer Andrew Rube, Foster, who owned one of them. Names, and he said you know what I think we need. Our own league

they won't. Let us in their league with start around cause. Besides the fact that people want it, there is money to be made here, yeah and as my faith. So this Barnes or anything. I talk more about that right. Yet one of the recent barnstorming came about was to make ends meet, but it was also because these teams had to figure out a way to put on games as cheaply as possible. Here all of the stadiums at the time are owned by whites and the whites apparently were not very friendly to the idea of black put black teams playing in their their fields. So if it were just like black teams playing one another, the white owners of the fields of discharge and exorbitant amount, because we're going briskly anywhere, they could find a place that would stand still long enough for them to play a baseball game on yeah, that's what they would play and they played like three gains a day area every day here and there. All travelled together in like hung out

one another and spend a lot of time yet so like that that the Negro leagues came out of this Can I come robbery of barnstorming together, which is pretty awesome? Yes vertical. Yeah this guy Rube Foster. He owned. The Chicago can giants and confusingly There is also another negro team called the Chicago Giants in the Saint Louis Giants here. You have been legally elected losers as Chicago here, but if it was she Cargo versus Chicago which, when the giants which won the american giant K knowledge, but just the Giants Peru Foster was like this

This booster of boundless enthusiasm, this guy literally put together the first real Negro league yeah and when he was basically removed from it in the hot. This whole thing fell apart this, how much of the driver the sky was yet he's in the hall of Fame to yet he was a catch her. I think our learning think using as a player but pay him a real yeah Just for his achievement, I get up and made them both animal, but ninety twenty. He said our ears, but will do when we get these. Seventeen owners of the midwestern League that are doing these mean a barn storming travelling shows basically skipped gather, Kansas City, seven, all black teams, in addition to those to Chicago

you're, the cuban stars, the Dayton Marco's, the Indianapolis embassies in the very famous Kansas City, monarchs and Saint most giants all- and this is the really like great thing about the story. All of these teams, except for the monarchy, black owned teens right, so so, not only do you have black players careers developing, yet you have like black enterprise developing in it. In a time when there were very few avenues of opportunity for like people to advance in business yeah in innocence where they own the business. This is a really good way to do here, and not only that, like the major League baseball site points out like this, was it like it should be embraced him. We discussed this at a time, was the only one of the only ways Minorities could fully like excel to their fullest potential right, yeah and those

A point of that article. There thought was pretty cool that one of the the things they lamented about the segregation of baseball? During this time we'll, never know how Babe Ruth would have stood up against such a page pitching to him because they never get the play each other. So the truly great players are true: great at during this time, yet within their own skin, color yeah. You know you can't say they were the greatest in baseball because they were to legitimate parallel leagues going on at the time, and yet they played each other sometimes. But if you want to sit down and put stacked against tat right, be very hard pressed to do that right. Sure all its attack on Babe Ruth Christie Matheson like we know they were good, like we're, not knocking their talent, but who knows what it would have been like in a truly integrated league. Yet in actually is

bring a tie. Colleagues as like, oh yeah type covers a huge racist. I wonder what he thought about that and I looked it up and I found an article from a guy who argues that Tie Cobb was not the the horrible racist that is made out to be these days written by Jimmy Cab there Well, he actually did sight his son anything came fight kid you really be allowed by the thing I found in article from various fifties or something nineteen. Fifty two we're take Hobbes coded at length to coming out in favour of integration, and I really baseball yeah thing like, of course, these guys should play as long as you know. They conduct themselves like professional baseball players like why would they not be able to plan totally in favour of it, introduces like the type Cobb saying this? I think that bears more research. Does he was possibly very racist. Yes, now at this guy says

My organ authorities, sunsets, I'm not doubting you. Of course I do for you know, I'm with you anything. So we talked about the integration of the negro weeks, which is awesome pretty soon other leagues, foreign, not Justine's, There was one right here in the south, the Negro Southern League, our teams, Roma right here in Atlanta, do do you know the Atlanta team play directly across the street personally on park, yeah, where there is now a staples in home Depot and Petsmart at a whole foods. How, like one is that, if you walk in the whole foods, listen, you can hear the ghost of a bad. Yet this I don't think this was the

steam in Atlanta that play than the negro southern weak as a folded that same year, but the Atlanta Black Crackers well said the Atlantic crackers, which was the white deem we have the Atlantic black crackers, and it sounds funny that we say constantly on not postillion, but that's how we say it here. It's the street that for our office building punts daily

Would it points in the stomach if we heard they say his name, like other? That's the street in a manner that France, our office and if you go and look on the internet, you can see. These are some pictures of this cool little baseball stadium right there, hundreds of feet from where we set. You really need the now. You have hope it. Now we have to listen class based seven dollars for artists amenities if you're lucky seven dollars, that's just for the idea that for once mere just once did you hear all foods get caught like with on calibrated scales further pop far stuff

like it's not already expensive, the night air, that's rosville, I expected more from them. Yeah, you know, never get anything with bones at one of those. Oh, never, liquid! What a waste you throw half that chicken like away you paid for it sure or justino drying that chicken bone up and eat it in future. We're like peel off with your teeth, spit the meat in the year renewal little basket and throw the bone back into the harbor. Oh, and think about that. There is great idea, and then you can say I'm no champion, discover and scream out, not fear for that bone sites where we were with the negro, suddenly folded, the Eastern Colored League Open and nineteen twenty

and then finally, nineteen twenty eight, the American need Grow League formed, and that was that was when things like they. They called eventually the american negro legally American, through the national Meagrely, the majors of the Negro leagues right like that, was where the criminal Krim Ride and dumb the everything. No I'm pretty smoothly, except two things happen right, there's even like unequally, world Series is best of nine. They gave. The signal was really here: the camp varied monarchs narrowly beat the hill, they all team there from Darby Pennsylvania, which I guess is near Philadelphia in the first one in nineteen twenty four. So there's like there's this: these leaks of establishments When I took nine ten twenty four, they have their own world Series Goin. I yeah budgets. Within a few years there a couple hit steadily that ultimately led to the the nigger

majors disbanding one is that route foster suffered a gasp. Running around in a hotel room and Indianapolis he

was found unconscious here in there's. Some theory that, like everyone, believed in ghosts and spirits mediums in the nineteenth century is there are being poisoned by the natural gas that was like leaking into their kitchens and homes. Almost I'm right will this guy had they can accuse, poisoning gear and was found unconscious and after that, when he regained consciousness, whose nurse back the health he lost his mind, and he just kept getting worse and worse and by nineteen twenty five things happen in nineteen, twenty, four nineteen, twenty five he was institutionalized and by nineteen thirty he died of a heart attack age. Fifty one am in again his guidance was so integrity in this first incarnation of the Negro leagues that you know when he woke was institutionalized. Obviously they weren't they

always league do next year. He is in an institution and the league sorted falter and fall apart and eventually that, coupled with the depression, the answer the depression, yeah really can lead to the unravelling of the first negro early. Yet in this the major league baseball site. You know these- were they profited on certain days of the week. Days were big days as they were played double headers, but the fact is, black Americans didn't have a lot of expendable money. They throw it going to baseball games, even though there are pretty cheap. There was commensurate with what people made at the time unless you're one of the Walker Brothers, whose there was a physician, they problem, I sir, and they were playing Sancho. Their parents got free up without the result is a moot point. I wonder if the thicket free family tickets back then I would hope so I that's gonna be

all these tickets right, probably we gotta do in episode on tickets gets less, so they were making a little money on Sundays. They weren't hugely profitable overall, even though they were known as somewhat successful like I know, a lot of these guys were still barnstorming on their oft a year, and these are the players are now trying to make ends meet like the owners themselves were struggling here and there a white people came to see game sometime. I am especially when they were exhibition games against white team threat because I love to go out there and see the see something they never seen before, which many times with the Black Sea mapping the with a white, the emperor, although it seem pretty evenly match like from when I gathered there was unlike lopsided one where the other yet they're good

additive games. Yet there are plenty of white players who are better than the bike players, and there are plenty of black players who are better than white player. Yet oh yeah, I'd say evenly Mass is a good way to persevere, integrate league you get the best of both right, which is it Well, we got us also in some of these cities chuck these there. They were not just baseball, segregated register, in the city, you had a white team in your two black t write and that's that's evidenced in the name of some of the black things like the black crackers right, a black Yankees year there were the Yankees, and then there were the crackers right. So if you were a white player, a white person you're. Probably a fan of the white team and you weren't, going and watching the black teams play right. So they were self

things here. On the side, they said the two leagues, the the american and national Negro leagues, were northern and basically city dwelling teams, couple that, with their work, a lot of black people living in northern cities. At the time the south was, you know, was way more I want the integrated, but that wasn't integrated way, not black people living yeah. I wonder why the southern Negro League didn't take off like a rocket in air. I mean probably for the other reasons like he couldn't afford, to go to the games and gallant stuff tat s a good point,

why people that were in the north didn't have a lot of money, and so, basically, all that adds up to not a lot of audience. Buying tickets and the only way to keep a league afloat is to sell tickets and sell concessions same as it is today. Yet so all the things coupled with the rude foster and oppression there, the greatest champion and probably sharpest mind. Sadly succumbing to mental illness, the depression, and that was the end of the beginning of the Negro ex right yeah. That was the end of the first one. Yes, and there were more to come and we'll talk about it. After this the here is about us which resolutions do you, plan to conquer and twenty twenty become more mindful or creed.

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much of it. So As long the old saying you can't keep a good man down, people want play baseball, you're good at it. There's more money to be made and leagues. And so what happens? Is these numbers guys get involved? and a numbers, man is the numbers. Game was basically like an illegal unsanctioned street lottery wrecked a numbers guys have a lot of money. Some of them said you know it. Let's put money into starting baseball teams and lakes, and one guy in particular in Pittsburgh, guess greenly he was a bar owner in Pittsburgh. He bought the Pittsburgh Crawford's and nineteen thirty

and he's got a team, but I'll have league. So two years later he formed the second Negro National League. And other numbers guys bought in and all of a sudden, they had another legal nea, and this basically kicked off with known as the golden age of the Negro League. I'm starting about nineteen thirty, one. Thirty, two thirty three. When when these other teens came about and am Greenleaf team himself was his, no I'm sorry. It would have been right across the river, the homestead grace. Yet they eventually migrated back to Pittsburgh today over to Pittsburgh. They were the same team they went from. Town or another. They weren't rivals and I think there was still the other Pittsburgh team. But from what I understand, the homestead grades eventually became part of Pittsburgh. Ok or maybe there was another team on that ship,

I do know they eventually get went to Pittsburgh cause. You know, homestead, we ve been there. We do to show their ok and I was like. Are we going to the right place? Everything the car was taking me fill homestead used to have noticed. Eighteen, they used to have the best Negro League team possibly ever dahlia away easy for nine consecutive years. They won the pennant yeah nine years in a row, Josh Gibson Culpable and Buck Leonard some other star. He had just some of them in nineteen thirty five, they had no less than five Future Hall of Fame Resign on the team. Five. That's amazing point to a team that has five Future Hall of Fame resign. It now or ever did was. Certainly the Yankees teams did over the years, but, like I don't think anything right now area now, like even the best team right now, doesn't have five future.

Certainly not the breaks the I've won. I don't! I could see free Freeman hit in the Hall of Fame Wendy. A really I haven't been watching. Ice cover season term he's our best player burden on Friday, the best player on the worst team in baseball navigate Casey that are so. We did mention that there were exhibition, aims going on, and things really picked up with exhibition games now. Is there a little well funded in this? Is when white players would come and see the teams playing, and it was basically more popular than ever in both communities? Yes, and I'm voice said that they had the the Negro League World Series going on I, yet there there was actually another game that came out of this. I think it was. It might have been gas greenly

and he was who came up with. Is the EAST verses West, all stars game there, and that became bigger than the World Series in whatever wasn't the negro yells huge YAP, so that became kind of like the de facto big game of the year, rather than the world Series for young and they played it every year. Thinking Comiskey feel very yeah and Chicago, because you know EAST West in Chicago right. That's what it says on the teachers at least, suppliers are starting to make some like the top players are starting to make some pretty good money. At the time you can't go any further without talking about satchel page Leroy Satchel Pay Jude. He was Zalm, a pitcher, very interesting dude, maybe the greatest pitcher of all time in the sport of baseball, maybe use eccentric using entertainer yeah he's like the. U same, both of his day,

people love them. Ok, because you didn't like the run, but there were major, will different, even studied it lighter, and there was this quote. He said that training for me. Rising gently from the bench back onto the better so he had ever seen. Video or I guess you know film of him- pitching the air with those I mean baggy baseball, pants idea. That was that the style but his yet a weird wind up here? The sort of double windmills would do with his pitching arm, and then when he was, you're here, a great fastball and he said he was noted for his control, like Gregg Maddox like in his pinpoint control like supposing it is put a baseball than half an inch of where he wanted to be, which is big big deal, for which a shirt

as he lost his fastball over the years. He learned basically every pitch under the sign like he pitched until he was fifty nine years old he first, he first signed in the majors white majors at forty to forty to forty two year old working and that is the oldest rookie ever in them immediately baseball, and I think that all this pitcher ever oh yeah, he was even older than Gay Lord Perry. How old? now he was in his forties. Oh, isn't like no one rain, jailer, parry as you know, the Rhine made it to fifty. They're? Not fifty, but he came close pitchers, notably have been a little older, which is crazy because link their arms, but they're, not you know, they're, not like her running round and batting like other players, but you're right, like Freddy Fremont, like distress, the stress on the arm is amazing,

One thing that that was problematic areas problematic when you're going back and looking at the Negro leagues, is that a lotta teams were allowed to depending on the league, were allowed to set their own schedules. Yeah stats were kept, quiet is, Well, as they were in the white leagues, we don't know several pages real lifetimes tat. No, but in four there are some estimates there and they are high, oh yeah, so the one that I saw that such a page had, I think it was in this sum- is article on em I'll, be dot com, which eventually will say the authors, and they said that he had three hundred career shut out three hundred Chris shut out.

In this case, as in italics, not Windsor, shut out trying yeah. If you dont, know baseball, shut out means you have pitched game where no one scored a run right and back then they were probably complete game shut out, meaning he never came out and was relieved by another pitcher right. He would have pitched like all nine unexpected mooted in the daily city that way more than they do now. Ok, so he had three hundred crew shut out. Fifteen hundred wines is the estimate that it that's on and they'll be that come yet to put that new perspective. For now baseball fans. Again, if you have three hundred wins, wins not shut out wind than your hollow famer, and in fact they don't think they're will ever be three hundred game when her again because of their more pit,

in the rotation other usually have five guys that afford the pitches deepen the games, they rest them a lot more. So it's this. We may not ever see to happen again practice because the weights built it tells of put in perspective saw young is regarded as one of the best pitchers ever and in major early, Sherry Volley name, the top award. After exactly he had seventy six shut us it, which is amazing. He had the most wins ever still in major League baseball at five eleven. So such a page head can see. We three times more wind, then the the the highest win count ever in major league. Unless carrying his entire career. I am which again, very, very long journey,

very long career, but this makes it all the more amazing, especially as it gets older, gallic. Let let's say that people don't say: don't count the Negro leagues as being in the top league. At the time I cut in half and he still way ahead of everybody else. If he'd subtract fifty percent of everything he did and the fact that he sat in a rocking chair and the Dutch I'd like a huge personality. Awesome. Yes, he learned all sorts of pitches by the end of his career. He was pitching knuckle balls and he was famous for the the Hesitation Pitch which he invented, which was when he got to the White Major League. Sarah, like IE, that's illegal. I can't do that. It's called the ball and his guy he's like not go ahead and faced him if it pensioner, this very sneaky. You know it's like you act like your pitching than you stop, and this is the year he was. I can. I got guys up there that certain swing

cause, I'm so fast like when they see me winding up to start the swaying. So if I just put a low flight pause here than their swinging in the Balkans in those very very tricky little bitch and he making between thirty and forty grand a year and the negro, and this is also with the appearances and stuff but in the Negro leagues, which is about half a million dollars today, an amazing amount of money at the time you know and then those appearances if you are a team owner that has such a page on your team, you might let him go, make some scratch and politics cut yourself by lending him to another team whose attendance was struck. Yeah and all you do is advertise for a week that such a pages can be put to one day and you would sell out so he would help other niggardly aims that word right, that that were struggle and yet to be a draw near

and here's one little thing about our own Atlanta Braves in nineteen. Sixty eight satchel page was lacking one more season to get his major league baseball, gin and I was out of the league and retired in the land of brave, signed him. As a player coach. Like Terry penalty, he was never player coach was he now, but here's a player and then a code he rose, was a package? Was they re like he meant the reds and played for them? I'm not an bet on them. But they signed him to a one year deal so he could get his major league baseball pension. That is which is really cool. Close here was that nineteen sixty eight that's really call here, go brave, say if you see a picture when I saw a picture of him in the Braves uniform as quite a minute, he never play for the brave and he really didn't it was. It was sort of Vienna leveller sneaky way to get him in there, that's cool, which is great,

all right, so satchel pages killing it other players were killing it. It would not be long before somebody in the white leagues. Somebody said the talent is too good. Somebody has to be the first to make this move and break the color barrier. Yeah right now, there was a thing like this. The negro leagues were ultimately is, will find out of victims of their own success, that the players that they supported in and brought into the game were of obvious major league caliber area in any major league. They were the best in the world, they were just playing on segregated teams and so finally a group of people, but especially it usually comes in the form of one guy named Branch Ricky gear. The Tom Hanks play him now Harrison forward. Now, maybe

Why didn't see the most recent jacketed Robinson thinking was airs and Ford? Maybe I've seen em portrayed in other movies. I can't tell if it was him or not, because the actor didn't have a diamond studded hearing in, but Harrison Portico had taken it out for the role this gaining branch Ricky, it was an executive manager for the Dodgers he was He was with her. He was an executive, ok Dodgers and he said Missus when they were in Brooklyn I yet he said this is ridiculous there that we need to break this color barrier that plenty of great players out there that I want to sign. I mean a break, the sun spoken rule and he looked around to find a reception that whoever the first black player would be would definitely receive. Frazier did receive any founded in the in the person of Jackie, Robinson yeah. That's it that's a huge point

did receive any founded in the in the person of Jackie Robinson yeah. That's it that's a huge point because, like I said jet, Roy Campanella was right, better player at the time, then Jackie Robinson. But if you see the Jackie Robinson story, I did see the racial like. I said, but I just know a lot about a story. He was the right guy. He had the temperament, he had the leadership Roy Component. To head off? Oh, he did use of God, but Jackie Robinson was was the man in every way and we shall also shot out to us that the road being paved by people like Jealous and Jesse Owens, before Jackie Robinson this far as just White America, except mainstream like athletes and the airline yet- and I dont know if it was on this around there's a site called Negro League baseball, dot com that has a really good article call the Negro League baseball

I want or something like that. Yes, the basis is definite story to the whole thing right here, but they point out there. Probably more than anything that help break the color barrier was blacks serving in World WAR two serving alongside white soldiers and and stories coming back from the France of like hey. These guys are killing and just as fast as any white guy here at the time America While we love thereby faithful back of it, so when they returned the black soldiers came home to different America, that they help change by fighting and war war to critical, and I mean that the timing of this apparently not coincidental that Jackie Robinson sign in eighteen, forty six year after working for sure Sir Branch Ricky was on

he was very puritanical guy. He was often lecture players on sex and drinking and stuff, and he was he wasn't just some benevolent benevolent champion black man. Here. That's that's a good point man, because a lot of time stories like this being about the guy who took the granite and pave the way for the black player, but he did he do that. He was an ideal emphasis. Is it's you easy, sometimes for the right to go onto that. Wales, like the boy you're like yeah aim. We was one of the greatest baseball players of all time. Exactly listless put it this way. If branch Ricky had an wanted to sell tickets by feeling a good team, he would have never signed Jackie Robinson use a business man to give good daughters. At the time and dumb, but he wasn't idealists them. He was very much like now like

is wrong and they should be allowed to play so ok, so he was a complex human being like all human beings You can't just be shoehorn new uneasy caricature. Now, that's great, so Branch Ricky, complicated human being he selected Jackie Robinson and it was a great select Yeah Jackie Robinson played one year in the minors, which was ridiculous. They should have this like. He spent his entire like playing the miners. They should just promoting mark away, but I think they just wanted to. That transition. He won the battle title in the miners, his only you're there then one rookie year in his very first year with the Brooklyn Dodgers.

That was a brutal, fifteenth nineteen. Forty seven was when he made his day view, which was very very historic day, an amazing day that bait major League baseball is really like honoured, Jackie Robinson to the fullest. Now yet they said, great Jackie Robinson definitely threw open the floodgates within four months of Jackie Robinson Beings, I find her, no, I guess actually being called out to the majors yeah two other guys were signed both in July and I think that year there were a number of other by players suddenly playing for white Major League baseball, which is certainly not you now, just major league baseball, not white man, Julie. They thought the tractor Larry Dhabi cleaving Indian. A Wheeler Brown, Saint, Louis Browns, Henry Hank Thompson. The Saint Louis Brown Stand: Banquette Leroy Sacho page made it finally

sure Campanella among others. These were the first African Americans in Major League, baseball and dumb by nineteen. Fifty to just a few years later, there are a hundred and fifty black players and by nineteen fifty for all, but for major early teens at black players or if you hold out yet the Boston Red Sox, notably where the last they really tell nineteen fifty nine thirteen years after Jackie Robinson debut season here in them in the miners so the signing of Jackie Robinson and all the players to follow like you hinted at earlier. Unlike his article plainly says, it was very bitter so and in one way it was great. The color barrier was smashed league, was being integrated They were getting there do, while those

uncle, but in another way it was also sad that this leak that had so much gumption and such a great like we'll, do it ourselves. Then attitude and empower these men to play in these people to own these teams and start their own leagues. So is definitely like the weird time in history. It is like it. I think. Nowadays there is much more of a reverence and a bit of mourning for the disappearance of that league, but Nino in another way, like I said it was smashing, the color barrier was waymore way more better when it hoped speak so that it would have been much more satisfying, ended the whole thing if the Negro Leagues Head poached the best players in the way

major league baseball or actually you know it. The best possible thing could have been was if the white, major leagues absorbed those teams and owners and ownership failure heart of one big league, nice, but there I know we're just gonna. Take your player sneer given to us now so that its Negro League Baseball the of it yet the officially disbanded, and then eighteen, forty eight an article says into the nineteen fifty's there are still a few teams plan here and there in the early nineties. Sixties, even though, is like one final team largesse, one final pair of themes- I guess they had to play somebody still plan or they could scrimmage themselves. Yes, as a negro American, when was the last to throw in the towel early sixties here so yet more than wanting- and this article makes a point today, or at least in two thousand twelve major League baseball was forty percent.

Why? Because like what I would have guessed, it is the opposite of that that then I was out. Every three percent of mutually baseball players are right. Yeah and you know, there's a big push. I think, like the one of the least represented demographic, sound pro baseball. Are African Americans really yeah partially because of the rise of latina players and then partially because they there's not a big pushed to play baseball these days in his kids in America, and so there there there's a lot of concerted efforts trying it baseball go again and black communities, which is awesome. I knew I was pushed Mendoza get out there and get him on the head with the ball. Selwyn allowed out had to play church softball Lamb. So then the color bears broken and now the last vestige

of any sort of color issue is the native american slurs that are rampant in an all sports. As far as teams go. If you want to know more about the Negro leagues, you can type those words in the search bar has to force dot com. You can also go check out this amazing article called Negro Leagues, kaleidoscopic, review its on em I'll, be dot com by Stephen Golden yeah. He's a great author and check out Negro League baseball dot com. They have like all sorts of great profile of the players. Are we never said the nickname? Oh yeah. Three rattle often hear the right boy. These are some good nicknames about Jelly gardener or Spoony P,

Turkey, Stearns, Tricky Stearns, he's a holler, Famer Company Thomson or Steel ARM Davis. I think you mentioned cool palpable culpable bears the greatest possible poles. Ace Adams, King Tut, not Joe Williams bullet Joe Rogan, yet you're broke into another rats, Henderson why Turkey Stearns? That might be the best that might be my new hotel, pseudonym cool Papa Joe here, but no one of bilateral hotel registry. Oh yeah, he got up and phrase turns they definitely go for name's, oh yeah, ok! So now that are now, though we said Turkey stir, it is time for listening. This economic, all short and sweet. Call it when you remember something with a pneumatic them.

Now: mnemonic lemme, video They get. You remember, lawyer, pumping Arab, was it nomadic your memory? Why you're wandering around mnemonic? Of course, a dummy just check for and recommended you're. So to me recently- and I love it That is why all my nerdy entertainment requirements won't work. You seem to have a bit of trouble, calling the order of tax economic taxonomic categories when have trouble in this area. You're during Lily mammas, not woolly mammas. As our typo vigilance. Here's my farm answer disregarded wall,

here's an easy memory trick. We learned in high school biology kings play chess on fine green silk kingdom, violent class order, family Gina Species. I love that stuff because I will never forget it. Now. That's known mnemonic this is its pneumatic. I have no idea why the still my head over ten years later- well, that's exactly like candy, so hope that helps, and that is Katy from where taxes thinks like Katy from was Texas. We appreciate that kings play chess on green silk, fine, green silk.

Never remember the fine part here. If you want to get in touch with us, you can tweak to us as my escape. I guess you can also hang out with me at Josh Underscore Underscore Clark on Twitter. You can hang out with the sun facebook that conflict of snow and took out Chuck Charles W bright, trustworthy, chuck bright, appropriate on Facebook is you can send an email, the stuff, I guess the house, the words that common is always join us at home on the web. Steffy should know dot com for more on this and thousands of other topics does it herself workshop com or your brain pop culture? Are you up on gay, do you know the if not the pollen their show, parkers keeping you in the no

with the latest, your favorite celebrities, kind of man and providing free game so listeners in need. Ok, this allows both bars with your baby Ethiopian, so so loud and clear. For barbarism now make sure you check out a brand new power can fall short Parker available now our radio apple cast. But where would you get your packets