Audible, sponsor of the audible audio pioneer awarded this year's Iheart Radio podcast words is the best way to stay informed, inspired and entertained. Discover the world's largest selection of audio titles anytime anywhere, with the odd lap whether you want to tackle a new skill focus on your healthy itself. We're discover new releases, there's no better placed to listen. Inaudible, audible start your free thirty day, audible trial today and your first audio book is on us visit, audible, dot com, slash as by Us K or text as wide as key to five hundred five hundred everyone. It's me Josh and this week for as wires case selects, I've picked lies in the. U S on the metric system, the big spoilers, this kind of is to check it out

welcome to study should now asking for pay and welcome the Pakistan Josh Clark, a nurse Charles, the reach of bright and ass. It were to gather Anderson microphones, present Jerry's in the other room, musty dusty, Paul, unplanned to be back in relation to this. We did these in another pillar was again just move in Israel. Gallagher, you don't have a process which will be a day. What they do is they tire yarn around one of them. I provides and they disorder dragged through the building and we just chase after it like a well done. Puppy year there were, should dollar bills The total sum microphones Ok, I'm B but because the will see what happens here, my pet, you all the way to sleep. I was up all night, yes,

we finally hallucinating- oh I'm little funky, so called the other- should be good numbers. This is history there really. Yes, it is more than my history, culture, anger, Napoleon for God's Sakes year. There were Talking about the metric system, hey a a since the sailor you took root out like this. Kind of the mean that run through are podcast now, where we can make one of the metric system, but we also the trouble of calling out the match equivalent of whatever we're talking about with sea, usually sometimes we're sort of like. If we feel I don't, it will do it. Yes, but we Let us be sure thing the metric system and, as has become a thing, I thought it high time that we got bottom of this whole big problem, which is the? U S. Is the only industrialized nations that and on the metric system. I fully on the matter

system as a nation, you did a great job with the idea that is really true, like we're. The only industrialization that doesn't have compulsory here. Compulsory matrix system usage is voluntary, but it's still pretty well bread, and if you go back and look at our law books, you know the law of the land there. You will find that the metric system is very much entrenched in the U S and so on. People say the: U S is around the metric system, you're wrong, largely look at your ruler there in your little thrilling binder promises centimetres millimetres. That's metric! You right But that's a fear in the: U S a fear if you're elsewhere, outside the EU, as they too have centimetres millimetres threatening the engine there now.

The interest so clean. Now I love the kid is clean and it is represented his legacy from so long ago, and you know people use the width of a human man's thumb here as a measurement, and that was an ancient. Apparently there, some languages out there were injured and Dahmer the same word their energy, and I wondered about if you know, I we see the article points out in the early days like you said they would use body parts like you know it was the wooden leg former long palm via a foot is what you think it is year like people that had smaller of these did they get often transactions slightly like I had a small farm like what are we gonna do right or if you bring on your body, the higher the guy with a big thumbs the year working for me. in transaction, that's what they call the master blaster taken for the heavy hitherto. But yes, there's a certain kind of rum. Earthy colloquial is under the table with a: U S, customary system is what we use the inch the foot in April.

An acre did, you know, is the average amount of land that a human with a team of oxen? the plow in a day, That's where we got the acre from school, it all make sense at its root. The problem is its Jordan merrily unscientific yeah through which What the meter is. The the metric system in extremely scientific, but it's got it- some fairly far back itself. It goes back to it sixteen. Seventy three, This was first talk about this does a great robust ensure you can't get a yeah, ok, good thanks. All right. So, like we said for many many years as men evolve in tubes, our societies into bigger and bigger ones. The thumb in the foot and the forearm, and things like that was sick as get low you're crazy to handle this great, especially if you're using a forum over here, but this guy's using a neck.

You both have so so, as we formed larger societies, we thought you know it is getting real. If using, we got let's go in between various lands. We gotta, like codified us right, Risa, codify, I say codified. while we agree and pronunciation. So in France, things were just as confusing and by the time the French Revolution came around the city Everything is all whack adieu. Charlemagne here has had a pretty good system in effect for awhile. Let's dive into this system that piracy well yeah. The problem is that some Paris's wasn't any more scientific anybody else's, but it was Paris. It was was, I think, Lui the sixteenth. I ordered some people

looking into how to standardize measurements cause France, her Orson Anybody oil tankers saved if they thought it was a good idea, but he got more pushed back. Then he thought from the noble folk. So much so that they overthrew him here, he's Africa, yet he said you know it lets convene here: the states general, which was thirdly, a group of an assembly of club people, various classes to be presented, unless figure this out once and for all. Again, they overthrew the king along the way they also adopted, as as systematized stand of measurements, which is based on the sum this stuff I buy a monk back in sixteen seventy metric Mouton farewell. was the system right but metric comes from the Greek which me sound to measure right. That's right! I'm so, Time came up with this idea that you should take you

be able to create a standard unit of distance of link. Based on something that has to do with the earth she taken. Way from the humans humans coming all shapes and sizes, you need something it's going to be persistent I must say see sensory, persistent, ok, like Donnelly's it. Always there it's in your face, toga he gotcha, so he was saying, was: let's use some sort of measure of a degree of orange to write which makes SK as that what had already been established yet so he can put this fourth you'll soon. By the way you should you shouldn't, make it at Barcelona Decimal System, very smart, a ten ten this system. The ice ten system which is raised, divide and multiply by that arbitrary way right, embrace it all round. This link, like everything like volume, mass all the stuff, makes the round is one link.

And arm. He went and died, but is ideas lived on the right, and so when the the National Assembly relief started to look into this system of measurement. They found. Moutans ideas were alive and well and pretty practical yeah. They said. Let's do this, and then they said I, if we're gonna, do this as former commission from the commission let's face it on the three principles there were established by brutal, You don't think we said was a mathematician. Obviously, here's a mathematician astronomer. I think there were more than a year, the girl went hand in hand beer exactly which meant there, also mathematicians and astronomers sure today, three basic principles should be equal to of the earth's circumference, ok, which is I give they mean, but that would be unit of length that smaller than the earth's or conference but yeah, with their say in euros in like anything

get this arbitrarily pick any length than you could say it's based on the earth or conference you could. What they were saying was: it has to be a portion measured off of an already extant like something you already know right. Take a portion I ve been eighty miles, though sure it could have been, but that when it made sense, I digress. Number two of I'm, a man like you said, would be derived from length everything's gonna be related to each other and you can figure it out. Mathematically. And arm writhings gotta, be multiplied or divided by ten. If you wanna get something smaller or larger decimal system here this is a brilliant genius. Stuff, guy in sixteen seventy two becoming up with German for it to have been adopted right away, but French when they really started looking at it, they figured out. Ok, this is pretty good system. We're gonna go at this. In those two guys, certain measuring from Barcelona, Spain, Dunkirk, northern and they measured along this one line.

Came up with a quadrant since the earth basically thee. This meridian that ran through Paris, near from the North pole to the equator. So it's a court the circumference of the earth and they figured out a meter could contain maybe one ten millionth of that quadrant It's one, ten millionth of the meridian that runs through Paris as it can. From the North pole to the equator. Back to the chauffeur me, that's a meter at all the fact of the show said that they decided how to do and to call it a meter, and then they went We need to figure out how long this thing is like the thought of any other way around, but I guess it doesn't make sense. Like I said it's arbitrary was come up with them and then say right that base unit of measurement. How long should that be?

and it also it's pretty nationalistic to its this meridian. That runs through Paris sure you know. So it's a bit the metric system as an extremely french invention that right which is kind of one of the reasons you can go back and say that the? U S doesn't have it, There is also one of the reasons a lot of the world does have it because the french revolution. The point came to power and Pauline conquered alot of lands any brought the metric system with them. Yet at this point it was. It was solid. I think it took five years for them to completely adopted or a fish adopted and You had the meter in place. You had everything else, because those are based off the meter right so their home in along and then, like you said, Napoleon, says Take the meter with me and hunger, Europe and now everyone. All the sun is gaining

Fraction yeah the meter, and if so, most upon. In the U S and about the same time, right there, you, The federal government was like an hour. We need do what you can what country without a uniform. Some of measurements and weights and all that because a commerce sure that's the base. So this whole thing failure like able trade right you're just a little higher gather banned in your getting your own food virtually no measure Your weight or anything like that near, if you trading with another ban. You wanted to be fair. You suddenly need assistance. Measurements awaits as the trade increases more more, The need for that system and measurements and ways to be uniform around the world increase tremendously right again, so you're, assembles the colonies in two states and says we need to have sorry uniform system measurements, Sir Thomas Jefferson, first go to pick them up right. I mean it's in the constitution, the previous two that they lay obviously because they were,

from England. They use the british standard right than the british periods system, which was pre antiquated, we're still looks a lot like were using exactly and, like you said they put in the constitution. What was it that article? section eight and then T J said. You know what like this decimal system. I think it's a good idea, but That means we get us in these dudes over to France and we got out and now they gonna bring out their meter stick and show it to us, and we gotta bring one back with us right and it's really expensive. So let's just keep what we got Getting. Can we trust the French? Do we need to have our own surveyors go to make the same measurement and make sure that this isn't somehow, like French Centric Franco Centric in her? Yet so he can. Back off the whole thing. There is also a big fear that, like once Napoleon down there is gonna, be a m. There is metric.

Last year there was a kind of father we saw yesterday. We should wait and see like less. They thought a sort of like investing in Napoleon right now, who want to do that? Nobody, nobody round about the same time, also the French, supported the U S during the revolutionary war and then for the Revolutionary war, the enemies Great Britain and the United States establishes He called Jays Treaty and seventy nine I've and basically said hey. Let's that's chill out a little bit, let's see if we can get along we're, gonna withdrawal, troops from the Pacific Northwest. We the ads you, America You can start trading in the West Indies and the French is like what the heck I thought we were in bed together. Yes, what's going on, so all of a sudden there's hostilities between the French and the Americans, so what's so that when the French held this big mouth extravaganza, like the bureau to the world, he s pretty funny other. What does that mean?

I mean it was necessary, but it is a good picture. Conventions dinner with, like various styles over meters in writing FR. It is with the U S and get an invitation, nearly get snubbed zealots. Let's sprinkled it again. The? U S and get an invitation when France was like the metric system works we're gonna introduced to the rest of the world? Everybody can adopt this, except for your gas has remained at you so I guess the ultimate question that were its ring in a roundabout way over this whole podcast his ways and the US when those countries chalk this up as one of the early reasons didn't want it to day. I can invite us with its grey guys, William, we can you do whatever you want. With your little were ruler brain the USA. We were, we will guys we're gonna by this time. I think eighteen, twenty one, John Quincy Adams ordered a survey of all of the states

the measurements and waits used in the state in space. He said you know what this is uniform enough. We're gonna stick with this we're fine. We don't need this friendship, invented money said no, those! Please John Adams, right however, as we said, the metric system throughout the rest of the world, despite the fact that Napoleon went by the matter, some caught on enough and it wasn't decided em the U S was like man, Europe Everyone is really got on his metric thing. We might have missed about a little bit right. And is there a problem? So sixty six Andrew Johnson said you know what sign into law- that is, for in the United States to employ the weights and measures of the matter, them at all. Contracts in dealings court proceedings like the government standard right exact.

He said like, if somebody uses the metric system in a contract with you, that's that's legal now so right, there it s just legally adopted the metric system, yet the big the big loopholes It's not compulsory right there dressed if somebody wants to its legal right, that's right. funding, because their added to this already cluster the U S, customary system, with theirs three hundred different units here? A lot for the same work that they have the same name there's. No. FR kinds of times. Did you know that the others these short time which he never want to get your hands on if you're looking for a full time is right, the displacement time adjuration time the nuke time the register tongue, the metric, tons, it s, a turn in the town of coal, equivalent Chuck, there's a ton of funds. It is, but

now there were. The metric system is just kind of poked his head in under you law and its now entrenched. It's made it his first foray into the Eu S that right, flash for another nine or ten years now, Seventy five and other special assembly embarrass said we're gonna, bring together seventeen nations and you know it you s get you. Over here come on, they like I will come come on. You, ok, don't be mad. Were you Paraguay? They said no so they went over and signed. The treaty of the meter, which is the real thing so the International Bureau of weights and measures and the general conference on weights and measures to consider an adult changes over the years and also said you know what forget establishes meter. We need to say a lab where they all this stuff in there. Form in case I guess

I guess it's like the seed vault case ruler the pot we get that meet her stick in this in the closet here right and they actually did have a meter stick. It was the international prototype meter. And it was a it will have to do it though entirely deleted. But yes, this is the meter, and this is the one that all are measured from. Then it's in this area, the sum this office in several you? I thought it was, buried beneath the trip in the catacombs of the year. The Louvre is it now and skill It seems like something the French would do with the media. Tom Hanks would have found it. Gotcha near so they did have that they had the meter. They also had the international prototype kilometer their mile killed tomato iridium, platinum, captain and air.

A jar, and it is the Graham, everything else is measured offers, so they may copies of all these all the m the countries that have ratified the treaty of the meter gut because of their own and the? U S gather in eighteen. Ninety, so the you is going like metric crazy, now special because of this guy name or amend all right, TC mended how men in half he was the superintendent of weights and measures and the maiden how order of eighteen? Ninety three said: you know what we're gonna do. That was our fundamental standards for linked in mass on this. These metric units cholera yard. But a yard is eventually they settled on point. a point. Nine one for four metres right kilogram, or a pound equals zero point. Forty five Three, five, nine, two, three seven kilograms so think of

This is a huge tc men and haul changed everything with his men in order here. Still use the the pound inch system, yet the U S customary system, but it defined by the metric Sicily, s eye system right under the criminal, what are we doing. They haven't changed over the volume, ginger name or stolen the metric system. Others just gave spoiler or but by think about that, the two, so it's kind of like everybody's talking here about, if you, if you go beneath the surface, is one more level the? U S is operating on the metric system. The very diverse everything one hundred and twenty years we want to tell you about the Subaru love promise that We have a super outback. Emily does, and we had to these now and now we lead the company even more because of the Subaru LE promise. So Subaru has a commitment by the company and its retailers to do right by the

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No, they were their parents and teachers her. I know. Actually thing coming through the seventies yeah, but before I'm so men and whole dies metric fever kind of dies. I had a little bit and then part treaty. The meter chuck was that Who is a conference established a conference on this metric system yet where they would meet? Unlike adopt changes in Tirana, measure things it was against the whole because there they weren't like this, is a perfect system. It never needs to change right. They figured out ways to improve it over the years and in it is sixty huge change. Came down where they start tying in defining the metric. Measures met the metric it's a measured yet to there things like be that Meridian write him millionth. Instead, they tied to immutable laws of the universe that made it even more precise man yet- and this was mainly done before

because of science. Science demanded tighter a more refined system right, exactly so now a meter. No longer defined as one ten millionth of the meridian that runs through Paris. As it travels thing out, pull through the equator a meter is the distance travelled by light in a vacuum in two hundred and ninety nine millionth said- ninety two thousand four hundred and fifty eightth of a second, that's a meter right or they do say a meters, this thing and they held out the meter stick while they still have the kilogram it's the mass of the international prototype kilogram. Still, that is still it's the only one that still tied to buy got a second, it's another metrics standard, we use here in the? U S. Are you didn't notice

the time it takes: an animal caesium, one, thirty, three diversely nine billion one hundred ninety two million six hundred and thirty one thousand seven hundred and seventy times between two hyper fine levels of its ground state, the spring it so we. What they did was this. The meter became even more scientific. The metric system became so scientific that they stop calling it the metric system. They called it the the The international standard right yeah they could the other way they could, unless scientific, it would have been more fanatic. Well those that kind of thing, and I think that it's like yes, it helps science tremendously here But it also it's going further away from that customary stuff that we use here. The thumb inch yeah you know Now it's caesium one, thirty three items vacillating and it is it It's more scientific and its less human, it's just more precise here, which is good everybody is

they also added a lot of fun in nineteen sixty, instead of just millimetres or meters or kilometers. They also added allow more like prefixes, leisure, nanometer, yeah, there's no, he commuter, which is a trillions of a meter that the smallest yes offer. While his nanometers, a billionth creator, she's all right going back to the: U S: yellow ninety. Sixty things change this! That's the point of all us. I'm sorry about that. That's great point was is like me, Canada. There hang around them back They expand make your way more scientific comes back like gangbusters, it does and it took about costs. the years from the time and in how died and nineteen twenty four or two eighteen seventy one, when U S! National bureau standards. Road report called a metric America, and sales born is only remember that, but I remember that

when ten years, which was the recommendation for the transition is illustrated this over the next decade, I remember as a young child? The big push was a very big deal size in the news report, magic we're going metric, was enacted. The metric conversion ACT in seventy five, but sitting This ten year deadline should be voluntary again. Still my compulsory which Yet another reason why we didn't fully go metric that guessing other reasons, but they said, let's not make this a compulsory thing. I'd smelled, pretty canadian, I think I did it to Americans in there people resisted right there so globalization increases were doing more and more business with more and more nations around the world european companies found themselves. Maybe at a disadvantage, challenged to keep up because it

the morning things yeah and trying to get their trade partners to convert, We will do the math for you, but I know that you're getting pounds. It's this much nicer than kilograms. I mean you, your package, product say in Arkansas being sold in Florida they are also being sold in generic right, We need to have two different packaging, that's expensive and stupid. There may be less competitive globally. Mr, so metric Conversion ACT, When nineteen eighty eight other amendments best thing, you know it, let's go and call this the preferred system of weights and measurements for trade and commerce to insert a little further along the little edged a further along or millimeter further alliance. Ok, and then they said, the federal agencies are gonna have to use the system for procurement. For grants. Forbid. By the end of nineteen any too it's gonna, be our government standard but

the report was still there. You have. You were not a government agency. It was up to your discretion whether you wanted to go metric and get your private business trip to you. You can still shit by the pound if you want to write so that their whole thing came into effect by ninety ninety, two in the: U S, government was officially metric right. Yes, it's some of these some industries in the. U S, to be opportune, go metric too. Pharmaceutical entry. If industry went yard metric, which means thirty, it y all metric, you say: the beverage industry went soft metric, said this way. You can see flu answers and millilitres there right nicer, another living in harmony on year can of soda that right, tools or metric bicycles, tool. Metric, an standard, the yeah, that's true, Mister Briggs Point film, member that stuff yeah films metric,

eating was sit, still exist. Thirty five millimeter, seventy millimeter, eight millimeter area super. Sixteen sixteen millimeter and now, of course, is all just on a digital card as Deckard right in learn. Deckard funny when we sideboard when we are shooting a tv show, there's a tradition in when you shoot your hundredth hundreds, fuck you, some champagne onset, and we did that and also how do you know They're gonna shoot roles of film currently there conversion that camera guys know that this is the went over a hundred, throw them so outlines the the greater yes, ok extra, extraordinary here. He was explaining all this to me, but I didn't realize that he was saying like this: isn't a metaphorical ship

anything right like there's champagne in the other room and vocation browsers, I gotta think for explaining like walked away, and then I see like everybody else can in Boston, unlike get any champagne he's in there For now. I had no idea where metaphorical I want now to my dressing. So we all stand here and drink. I had no idea, why it's a swede about it? He was it is mostly arise. Lance Lincoln, Amory, weird! Well, I'm walking away So as of now some people ass, they made about thirty percent of can manufacture products and companies have gone metric, not too bad. But the public at large has still push back. Or a few reasons costs being one of them now expensive, too, are too. Change of these documents and change your company to over the metric I think NASA said

three hundred and seventy million dollars to change Oliver drawings and the thousands and thousands of man our she's, further Aspasia here, a man in my glad they didn't go to the trouble of desire, ITALY, waterways, So money is one thing you can just jump to the metric system overnight, but you can also make a case if I may, owner of check their money can also be saved using masses. An example also in ninety. Ninety nine NASA lasted Mars climate orator because the attitude can system, was on our imperial system. Are you a customary system, Brighton, inches thick anything but the navigation system guiding the thing was on them.

tricks system. Are the S eye system three get screwed and there is a discrepancy in it, flew to close to the planet overheated and is now just two hundred twenty five million dollar space junk. While they can figure that out They had broken guess, or else I just Didn'T- think of it or that they thought of it. The brain era The author of this article points out there stubbornness and individualism is another reason. Americans have it, especially if it's the French that approach pushing it right, exactly whether a wild, I don't know how it first came up. Whenever we talk about the measures that some years ago, when somebody was, through its name, Amy Wang sent in her, her graduate This is for design. School in his call a metric ought to remember that. I do remember that. So am I it up again and apparently is this whole thing of lake. Basically pudding

metric things into normal, everyday things in the metric terms. So, like your coffee, So this has this many millilitres in it or I am taxicab here the little signs they have on on the roof. Here I saw on or its driving and it shows how fast it going kilometers per hour. So what are these? bystander, little things to just slowly, convert peoples. The idea and is Doing that If these is unlike. This is a proposal that we should try and do I can assure you like I'm gone anywhere by. I think there's some validity to that. As far as Americans go even after the winner, things being pushed on us. Probably why they always made it up to you again, little by little over the years, although it a big deal, your yeah, I think also mainly like we can kiss the. U S customary system, give I those are the big dealing or yet I mean like it's, it's their whole globalization thing near and if the business interests were the ones holding

I think so sure I mean like it's. It's there globalization thing near and if the business interests were the ones holding back before, then did you ever see the deal with many more and Liberia white? Why there hitherto to Liberia, I imagine will be because it was originally a: U S, colonizers butts acres of us. I don't know them Myanmar very? I imagine will be because it was originally a: U S, colonizers, but cycles of us. I don't know them memoir at all, nothing else. So the answer is check the. U S is pretty much on the metric system yet than a hundred years see anything else I got nothin else, so they answer is check the. U S is pretty much on the metric system yet than a hundred percent. That's right! We got a lot of it. A lot of it. I spent everybody, we want to talk talked about audible, which just so happens to be the sponsor. The answer of the audible audio pioneer award.

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thirty day, audible trial today in your first audio book, is on us to get started. Just visit, audible, dot, com, Slash S, why s k or text S why s gay too far hundred five hundred. if you want to know more about the metric system, we get a couple of things on the website about it. Pretty interesting stuff is take metric system and the Heeny search for it has to start. I said Henry Search for whom, this time there was a male sir he's fired someone indifferent, no hey, guys thought I'd never be riding in, but I thought you should know this. I've been listen for a while longer by gas.

Listen to me. I do my homework to make a little asterius, so I live in Anchorage Alaska. Go to high school. There recently have been introduced to certain program called rotary this programme, among other things, since it receives students looking to study abroad. I would just like to say that you guys are really inspired me to participate in this programme. The next academic year was always so consumer trying to be normal, even though I never really was such a common experience. I now Vincent's I've started listening to your guys. I guess I have come to realize how much I don't know and have to learn

I've had quite a time watching and listening to people who were smart, cultured and eloquent. Like John Stewart, for example, do I love you and I do sir? Are you saying that was her, but it's us physiologist Russia had once you guys share the same qualities which your qualities were John Stewart. I know I love the idea becoming a better person fairly through the appreciation of knowledge, hoping that my trip next year will be an islander since I live in such a cut off environment appear Unalaska. Other uncomplaining also build prepare me for going into the peace corps. As a civil engineer, a thousand, I probably would not have had the courage to sign up for this stuff myself deliver broad for a whole year. If it wasn't for you guys nearby guess, I won't know where I'm going until December or which language will have to learn ass on the options are places like Brazil, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Russia, South Africa, Thailand or Turkey, as are all great. Yet I was getting hard tricky. I'm really glad that I am pushing myself. We had that turkish gather and remember after we bagged on Turkey any sent the pictures like we think of this quickly, stopless beaches, any winds of them, didn T win. That is all I may be. So does anyone in the two? Yes, we did I'm really glad. I was myself out of my comfort zone and have to do this guy's, I'm so excited. Thank you very much. Maybe I'll! Send you a postcard long there, and that is from Sidney, is fantastic city. We take full credit for pushing you to do that so long as you have a triumphant, unsuccessful return. If anything happens, it is now or never heard of you. My congratulations for the US in writing in winning the sea but yeah what what are some other things that America has been stubborn about? That's a good one shock mean to give examples of american stubbornness. We wanna hear you. Can I tweet to us it s why escape had cast? You can join someplace but got complex turkish now and you can send us a good old fashioned email to stuff podcast discovery that count for more on this, and thousands of other topics has therefore accept com text day will be here before you know

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